中考英語二輪專題復(fù)習(xí) 閱讀理解 說明文三（含答案）

…………○…………外…………○…………裝…………○…………外…………○…………裝…………○…………訂…………○…………線…………○…………※※請※※不※※要※※在※※裝※※訂※※線※※內(nèi)※※答※※題※※…………○…………內(nèi)…………○…………裝…………○…………訂…………○…………線…………○…………一、閱讀理解（共5題）1、Freetimeisagoodchanceforteenagerstohavefun.Whataboutfreetimewithparentsaround?Someteenagerswantfreeplaywithoutparents’supervision(監(jiān)管)whileparentsandexperts(專家)maythinkdifferently.LinTao,amiddleschoolstudent,thinksteenagersshouldbefreetoplay.“LasttimeIplayedwithmyparentsaround,Iwasnervousandjustcouldn’tenjoymyselftothefullest,”Linsays.“AndmyfriendChenXiaoxinhassimilarexperiences.Once,hewentouttoplaywithhisclassmates.Everyonefeltuncomfortablewithhismother’ssupervision.”WangMin,amotherofa14-year-oldboy,thinksplaytimeneedssupervision.Sheexplains,“PeopleusuallysayIliketocontrolmykid,butthat’snottrue.Iamjustworriedthathewillgetintotrouble.SomeguysmayhaveabadinfluenceonhimandsomegameslikeLARP(劇本殺)maymisleadhim.Hemightevengetindulgedinthestoriesandcan’tgetbacktoreallife.Mr.Ma,adoctorofsocialstudies,saysit’sunderstandableforteenagerstowishforfreedom.Freeplayhelpsthemtobeindependent.Parentscangivethemmorespace.Theydon’thavetosupervisethemallthetime.However,teenagersshouldfindouttheexactdetails(細(xì)節(jié))abouttheactivitiesbeforeplaytime.Thentheycancommunicatewiththeirparentsanddecidetogetherwhethertheycangoouttoplayalone.28．Accordingtothepassage,freetimeisagoodchanceforteenagersto________.A．studyhardB．havefunC．getintotroubleD．misleadparents29．LinTaosupportshisownideaby________.A．listingnumbersB．raisingquestionsC．comparingfactsD．givingexamples30．Theunderlinedwords“getindulgedin”inPara.(段落)3probablymean________.A．getlostinB．getinterestedinC．betiredofD．beproudof31．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingmayMr.Masupport?A．HeKai’sparentsarearoundeverytimeheplayswithhisfriends.B．FengZhongfan’sparentsneveraskhimaboutwhomheplayswith.C．LiuXianggoesoutwithoutknowinganythingabouttheactivities.D．XieHaotalkstohisparentsabouttheexactdetailsbeforeplaytime.2、OrangutansOrangutansarenaturelovers.Theylikehangingoutinthetree.Theyspend95%oftheirtimeupthereinthetree.Theysleepandeatintheirnests(巢).Thenestsarebigenoughforevena10-year-oldkidtoplayin.PigsPigsmaynotlooksocutewhentheyfindmud(泥)holes.Theylikeplayinginthemud-itisliketheirnaturalplayground.Andwhenitishot,theystayinthemudtocoolthemselves.Theydon’tcarehowdirtytheyget.SeaturtlesSeaturtleeggsarelikeping-pongballs.Afterbabyturtlesbreakoutoftheeggstheygetthemselvesoutofthesandandhurrytoleavethebeachforthesea.Theyswimfor24hoursintheseatostayawayfromdanger.24．Inwhichpartofanewspapercanyouprobablyreadthepassages?A．Sports.B．Health.C．Nature.D．News.25．Orangutanslikehangingout________.A．inthetreeB．onthebeachC．intheseaD．inthemud26．Onhotdays,pigsliketoplayinthemudto________.A．lookforfoodB．leanskillsC．fallasleepD．coolthemselves27．Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassages?A．Seaturtleshaveeggslikesoccerballs.B．Babyseaturtlesaregoodswimmers.C．Seaturtleslaytheireggsinthesea.D．Babyseaturtlesaresafeonthebeach.3、①Sincethefirstmanlookedupattheflyingbirds,countlesssuccesseshavebeenachievedonthewayuptothesky.Fromthestonesthrownintotheairtoairshipsofallkinds,pioneersofhumansneverfailedtolettheirimaginationrunwild.②Storiesofpioneersgobacktocenturiesago.③KiteflyinginChinadatesbacktothe5thcenturyBCandisthoughttobetheearliestexampleofman-madeflight.④Fromthe3rdcenturyBC,theskylantern(燈籠)wasknowninChina.ManypeoplebelievethatitwasinventedbyZhugeLianginthewar.Somesayhewroteamessageonaskylanternforhelp,whileothersbelieveskylanternswereusedtodrivetheenemiesaway.⑤Whicheveristrue,humanshaveneverstopped,andtheyneverwill.Inmodemtimes,newfieldsarebeingexplored(探索).⑥In1993,theworld’slargesthotairairshipwasbuilt.TheAS-300carriedanunderslungraft(懸掛式木筏).ItallowedateamofFrenchscientiststocarryouttheirtreetopresearcheswithouttoomuchharmtotherainforest.⑦OnMay15,2022,Chinesescientistssentupthelatestmodelof“JimuNo.1”,China’sself-developedairship,tocollectweatherinformationontheQinghai-TibetPlateau.⑧Theairshipwouldworkataworld-recordaltitude(海拔)of9,032meters.Itwasthefirsttimeanairshipofitssizehadreachedthisheight,evenhigherthanthatofthe8,849-meter-tallMountQomolangma,thehighestmountainintheworld.36．Accordingtothepassage,welearn________.A．ZhugeLiangwasbelievedtoinventkitesB．skylanternswereusedjustforfuninChinaC．kiteflyinginChinadatesbacktothe5thcenturyBCD．skylanternswereknowninChinabeforethe3rdcenturyBC37．BoththeAS-300andthelatestmodelof“JimuNo.1”areairshipswhich________.A．wereharmfultotheforestB．brokeaworldrecordeachC．reachedthehighestmountainD．helpedwithtreetopresearches38．Thewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthepassageisto________.A．sharehumorousstoriesaboutthepioneersB．showhowexcellentancientpeoplewereC．encourageustolearnmoreaboutimaginationD．praisethenever-endingexplorationintothesky39．Thestructure(結(jié)構(gòu))ofthepassageis________.A．B．C．D．4、Thecarefuluseoflecturevideoscouldhelppeoplestudymoreefficiently（高效地）,sayresearchersattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles（UCLA）.Accordingtoanewstudy,watchinglecturevideosattwicethenormalspeedhasalmostnobadeffectonlearning.Evenbetter,watchinglecturevideosatanincreasedspeedmorethanoncemayevenleadtoimprovedlearningandhighertestscorescomparedtowatchingonceatnormalspeed.Thestudy,donebyUCLA’sDepartmentofPsychology,putstudentsintogroupsandaskedthemtowatchlecturevideosatdifferentspeedswithouttakingnotes.Thestudentsthentooktestsbasedonthevideocontent.Thetestresultsshowedlittledifferenceinscoresbetweenstudentswhowatchedthevideosatnormalspeedandthosewhowatchedatuptodoublespeed—meaningstudentscouldhalve（減半）theirstudytimewithlittleeffectonlearning.Butstudentsshouldn’tspeeduptoomuch—becausestudentswhowatchedthevideosattwo-and-a-halftimesthenormalspeedhadlowertestresults.Itwasalsofoundthatwatchingthevideostwiceatdoublespeed—bothoneweekbeforethetestandagainimmediatelybeforeit—producedhighertestscorescomparedtostudentswhowatchedthevideosjustonceatnormalspeed.DuringtheCOVID-19pandemic,manycountrieshaveusedsometypesofremote（遠(yuǎn)程的）learning,includingvideolessons.Andwhilestudentsandteachershaveworriedabouttheeffectsofremotelearning,theUCLAstudysuggeststhat,ifusedtherightway,videolecturescouldactuallyhelpmakestudyingmoreefficient.37．Whatmayhappenifwewatchlecturevideosatanincreasedspeedmorethanonce?A．Itmayimprovelearning.B．Itmayimprovereadingskills.C．Itmayleadtothebesttestresult.38．Whatwerethestudentsaskedtodobeforetakingtests?A．Discussthevideocontent.B．Watchvideosatdifferentspeeds.C．Takenoteswhilewatchingvideos.39．Whatcanwelearnaboutremotelearning?A．Ithelpsdeveloplearninghabits.B．Itincreasesthespeedofteaching.C．Itmakeslearningbetterifrightlyused.40．What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A．WatchingVideosIsaGoodWayofLearningB．WatchingVideosHelpsGetHighTestScoresC．WatchingVideosatDoubleSpeedCouldHelpLearning5、Chinawillhave75percentofitswildanimalsonlandunderthenationalkeyprotectionsystemby2025,theNationalForestryandGrasslandAdministration（國家林業(yè)和草原局）said.ItsannouncementtookplaceonSunday,whichhappenedtobetheInternationalDayforBiologicalDiversity（多樣性）.TheadministrationsaidthatpartofChina’sachievementsinprotectingwildanimalslieinsettingwildanimalsintonaturereserves（保護(hù)區(qū)）afterhumanbreeding（繁殖）.Itsaidthatninemiludeer（麋鹿）recentlycameintotheworldintheDaqingshanNationalNatureReserveinInnerMongolia.Theyarebabiesofthemiludeer,orPereDavid’sdeer,whoweresetintothewildinSeptemberfollowinghumanbreedinginBeijingandJiangsuprovince.Accordingtotheadministration,humanbreedinghashelpedtoincreasethepopulationofsomeanimalkindsthathadbeforedisappearedinthewild,suchasmiludeerandPrzewalski’shorses.Therearenowaround10,000miludeerandaround700Przewalski’shorses.Asforotherwildpopulations,thegiantpandapopulationhasincreasedfrom1,114inthe1980sto1,864.ThenumberofwildAsianelephantshasincreasedfromabout180to300overthesameperiod.Theadministrationplanstoimprovetheprotectionofwildanimals—includinggiantpandas,Siberiantigers,Asianelephants,andsnowleopards.Atthesametime,thegovernmenthasmademoreeffortstopunishunlawfultradinginwildlife,whichalsohelpswiththeincreaseofwildanimals.46．Howmanykindsofwildanimalsarementionedinthepassage?A．5.B．6.C．7.D．8.47．WhatwasthepopulationofwildAsianelephantsinthe1980s?A．About120.B．About180.C．About700.D．About1,114.48．Whatdoweknowaboutmiludeerfromthepassage?A．Miludeeroncedisappearedinthewild.B．NinemiludeerweresetintothewildinSeptember.C．75percentofmiludeerarebeingprotectedbythenation.D．Humanbreedingplaysthebiggestpartintheirpopulationincrease.49．Accordingtothepassage,whathasChinadonetoprotectwildanimals?A．Plantingmoretrees.B．Controllinghumanbreeding.C．Preventingunlawfulsellingandbuying.D．Settinganationaldayforbiologicaldiversity.50．Whatdoesthepassagemainlywanttotellus?A．Humanbreeding.B．Animaldiversity.C．Wildlifeprotection.D．Endangeredanimals.============參考答案============一、閱讀理解1、B

29．D

30．A

31．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，就青少年空閑時(shí)間是否需要家長監(jiān)督進(jìn)行討論，給出了幾個(gè)學(xué)生的看法以及專家的建議。28．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Freetimeisagoodchanceforteenagerstohavefun.”可知，空閑時(shí)間是青少年玩樂的好機(jī)會(huì)。故選B。29．推理判斷題。分析第二段內(nèi)容可知，林濤用自己和同學(xué)的例子支持自己的觀點(diǎn)，故選D。30．詞句猜測題。分析“SomeguysmayhaveabadinfluenceonhimandsomegameslikeLARP(劇本殺)maymisleadhim.Hemightevengetindulgedinthestoriesandcan’tgetbacktoreallife.”可知，有些人可能對他有不良影響，比如劇本殺，可能會(huì)讓孩子們無法回到現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中，所以此處getindulgedin的意思是“沉迷，迷失”，故選A。31．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“However,teenagersshouldfindouttheexactdetails(細(xì)節(jié))abouttheactivitiesbeforeplaytime.Thentheycancommunicatewiththeirparentsanddecidetogetherwhethertheycangoouttoplayalone.”可知，馬博士認(rèn)為青少年應(yīng)該在游戲前弄清活動(dòng)的具體細(xì)節(jié)，然后他們可以和父母交流，一起決定他們是否可以單獨(dú)出去玩。選項(xiàng)D“謝浩在游戲前會(huì)和父母談?wù)撚螒虻木唧w細(xì)節(jié)”符合，故選D。2、C

25．A

26．D

27．B【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了3種動(dòng)物。24．推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，主要介紹了3種動(dòng)物，因此可以在報(bào)紙上“大自然”部分看見；故選C。25．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theylikehangingoutinthetree.”可知，喜歡在樹上閑逛；故選A。26．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Andwhenitishot,theystayinthemudtocoolthemselves”可知，豬待在泥里是為了涼快。故選D。27．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Theyswimfor24hoursintheseatostayawayfromdanger.”可知，小海龜可以游24小時(shí)，推出它們是好的游泳者；故選B。3、C

37．B

38．D

39．A【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了人類從古至今永不停止地探索天空。36．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“KiteflyinginChinadatesbacktothe5thcenturyBC”可知中國放風(fēng)箏可以追溯到公元前5世紀(jì)。故選C。37．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“In1993,theworld’slargesthotairairshipwasbuilt”以及“Chinesescientistssentupthelatestmodel”可知AS-300是最大的熱氣球，極目一號是最新的飛艇，所以它們各自打破了世界紀(jì)錄。故選B。38．主旨大意題。根據(jù)“humanshaveneverstopped,andtheyneverwill”以及本文內(nèi)容可知本文主要介紹了人類從古至今永不停止地探索天空，故作者寫這篇文章是為了贊揚(yáng)這種精神。故選D。39．篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。通讀全文可知，第一段引入了話題；第二段和第五段分別引入了古代和現(xiàn)代對天空的探索，第三段和第四段描述的是古代人對天空的探索，第六段描述現(xiàn)代前期的探索；第七段和第八段是最近的探索。故選項(xiàng)A符合本文的結(jié)構(gòu)。故選A。4、A

38．B

39．C

40．C【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了視頻講座對學(xué)習(xí)的幫助，并且對比了提高速度觀看甚至可以提高學(xué)習(xí)效率和考試成績。37．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Evenbetter,watchinglecturevideosatanincreasedspeedmorethanoncemayevenleadtoimprovedlearningandhighertestscorescomparedto