初中英語語法-形容詞和副詞-復(fù)習(xí)課件

welcomeGENERALREVISIONAdj.adv.用以修飾名詞，表示事物的特征的詞。e.g.long,empty,cheap,hungry,etc.什么叫形容詞?在句中作定語、表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語等成分．e.g.Heisagoodstudent.Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.當(dāng)形容詞修飾由some-,any-,no-,every-構(gòu)成的不定代詞時(shí),形容詞要放在這些不定代詞的之后.e.g.Isthereanythinginterestingintoday’snewspaper?作定語Thetreesturngreeninspring.Wearealoneontheisland.只能作表語，不能作定語的形容詞你能說出幾個(gè)？aloneafraidawakeasleepaliveable作表語形容詞和賓語一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語．e.g.Wemustkeeptheclassroomclean.Hemadeushappy.作賓語補(bǔ)足語Colouritgreen.一、形容詞在句中的作用作定語：如It’saninterestingbook.作表語：如Helooksyoung.作賓語的補(bǔ)足語：如①

Weshouldkeeptheclassroomclean.②IthinkitimportanttolearnEnglishwell.其他用法：1、the+形容詞可轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞

Theyoungshouldhelptheold.

年輕人應(yīng)該幫助老人。注意:1、形容詞修飾不定代詞時(shí)放在后面.Eg:Ididn’tgetanything

usefulfromthespeech.Ifyoulistencarefully,youwillfindsomethingnew.2、enough修飾形容詞時(shí)放在形容詞的后面。（enough修飾名詞時(shí)放在名詞的前面）Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.Thereisenoughtimetohavearest.形容詞和其他詞性間的相互轉(zhuǎn)換注意:1.名詞+ly→形容詞;形容詞+ly→副詞

friendly,lovely,lively,homely…(形容詞)friendlily,livelily,happily…(副詞)2.fast,early,straight，late,hard既是形容詞又是副詞,不加ly.(hardly表示“幾乎不”）

Herunsfast.Mywatchisfast.名詞+y

→形容詞

sun→sunnyhealth→healthy名詞+al

→形容詞

nation→nationalmusic→musical名詞+ful

→形容詞

color→colorfulpeace→peacefula+動詞→形容詞sleep→asleep動詞+ing/ed

→形容詞

relax→relaxing/relaxedtire→tired/tiring名詞+able

→形容詞enjoy→enjoyableknowledge→knowledgable名詞+en

→形容詞wool→woolen還有一些特殊變化：die→deadplease→pleased/pleasant

練習(xí)二、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：1.Theteacherwas_____(happy),becausetheclassroomwas_____(noise).2.Mydoghasbeen___(die)for2weeks.3.It’s_______(possible)formetofinishittoday,I’mtoobusy.4.Ifyouwanttobethinnerand____(health),youshouldeat_____(little)food.5.Hefeltvery____(sleep)andfell____(sleep)soon.6.Theworkis___(tire),andweare___(tire).unhappynoisydeadimpossiblehealthierlesssleepyasleeptiringtired7.Thepeoplethereare____(friend)tous.8.Heknowsalot,heis______(know).9.Jackwantstobea_____(nation)player.10.Don’tfeel____(worry)aboutyourson.11.It’sa_____(please)tripforusall.12.The____(finally)examiscoming.13.Weallhadavery________(enjoy)timelast

Sunday.14.The_____(beauty)girlwas_____(love)and____(live).15.Ithinkthemovieis_____(education)friendlyknowledgeablenationalworriedpleasantfinalenjoyablebeautifullivelylovelyeducationalLet’sfillintheblanks,

形容詞的比較級和最高級構(gòu)成規(guī)則變化不規(guī)則變化詞尾變化原級比較級最高級單音節(jié)詞在詞尾加-er(比較級)或-est(最高級)以字母e接尾的詞加-r或-sttallhardlargewide以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的詞末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母應(yīng)雙寫輔音字母再加er或estbighotthinfatwet以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞變?yōu)閕再加-er,或-esthappydryearly

narrowclever多音節(jié)詞和多數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞在其前面加more和mostdifficultpopularslowlytallerharderlargerwidertallesthardestlargestwidestbiggerhotterfatterwetterbiggesthottestfattestwettesthappierdrierearlierhappiestdriestearliestnarrowercleverernarrowestcleverestmoredifficultmorepopularmoreslowlymostdifficultmostpopularmostslowly少數(shù)以-er,-ow結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞可加-er或-est規(guī)則變化原級goodwellbadillmanymuchlittlefarold比較級最高級betterbestworseworstlessmoremostfarther/furtherolder/elderleastfarthest/furthestoldest/eldest不規(guī)則變化巧記：特殊形式比較級共有三對二合一壞病兩多并兩好little意思不是小一分為二有兩個(gè)一是老來二是遠(yuǎn)Ⅰ.寫出下列詞的比較級和最高級。1.badly/bad/ill2.early3.difficult4.thin5.hard課時(shí)訓(xùn)練

worse—worstearlier—earliestmoredifficult—mostdifficultthinner—thinnestharder—hardestⅡ.根據(jù)句意填空。1.Whichfilmis______________thisoneorthatone?(interesting)2.IthinkEnglishisoneof__________________subjectsinmiddleschool(important).3.LiLeidoesn'tstudyso____________ashissister.(care)4.Annisalittle__________thanJoan,butsheismuch________.(young,tall)5.TheChangjiangRiverisvery________.It'sThethird___________riverintheworld.(long)課時(shí)訓(xùn)練moreinterestingthemostimportantcarefullyyoungertallerlonglongest二、形容詞的比較等級變化規(guī)律以及不規(guī)則變化（重點(diǎn)記憶并靈活運(yùn)用）比較等級所用的句式（重點(diǎn)掌握）注意：比較時(shí)一定在同類事物之間進(jìn)行。如:HishairislongerthanI.(×）

Hishairislongerthanmine/myhair.(√）一、同級比較?？隙ň洌篴s+原級+as

（和……一樣），否定句：notas/so+原級+as(和……不一樣/不如……）例：I’masoldashe.我和他一樣大。

I’mnotas/sostrongashe.我不如他強(qiáng)壯。表示倍數(shù)的句型：be+倍數(shù)+as+原級+as例：Thetreeistwiceastallasthatone.

這棵樹有那棵樹兩倍高。二、兩個(gè)事物相比用比較級，表示“更……”句型：A+be+比較級+than+B

例：Thesunisbiggerthantheearth.

太陽比地球大。比較級可用一些詞來修飾：even，much,alittle,abit,far

等。表示“……得多”或“……一點(diǎn)”。例：Yourroomisalittlebiggerthanmine.

你的房間比我的大一點(diǎn)。

Ifeelevenworsetoday.

我今天感覺更糟了。表示一方不如另一方時(shí)，用“...less+形容詞原級+than...”；例：Englishislessdifficultthanmath.

英語不如數(shù)學(xué)難。Heislessnervousthanyou.他沒有你那么緊張。三、比較級的一些特殊用法1、the+比較級……，the+比較級……

（越……,越……）Themoretreesweplant,thelesspollutiontherewillbe.我們種越多的樹，污染就越少。Theharderheworks,thehappierhefeels.他工作越努力，就越感到高興。2、比較級+and+比較級（越來越……）Thebabycriedharderandharder.那個(gè)嬰兒哭得越來越厲害。

Ourcountryisbecomingmoreandmorebeautifulandricherandricher.3、be+倍數(shù)+比較級+than……Thebuildingistwicehigherthanourclassroom.那個(gè)建筑物比我們教室高兩倍。4、be+數(shù)詞+名詞+比較級+than……HeistwoyearsolderthanI.他比我大兩歲。四、三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的事物進(jìn)行比較用最高級句型

1、be+the最高級+of/in短語（比較范圍）

LiLeiisthebeststudentofall/inourschool.

李雷是所有學(xué)生中/我們學(xué)校最好的學(xué)生。

2、oneofthe+最高級+名詞復(fù)數(shù)

MissLiisoneofthemostpopularteachersinourschool.

李老師是我們學(xué)校最受歡迎的老師之一。注：最高級前可有敘述詞來修飾，表示其排列順序。

YellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.

黃河是中國第二大河。3、Which/What/Whoisthe+最高級，A,BorC?

例:Whichisthebiggest,thesun,theearthorthemoon?

哪個(gè)最大，太陽，地球還是？五、比較級和最高級的句型互換

be+比較級+thananyother+名詞的單數(shù)

（同一范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行比較）例：Jimisthetallestboyinhisclass.（同義句）吉姆是他班最高的男孩。

Jimistallerthananyotherboyinhisclass.

吉姆比他班上其他男孩都高。

be+比較級+than+any+名詞單數(shù)（不同范圍內(nèi)比較）例：ShanghaiisbiggerthananycityinJapan.

上海比日本的任何城市都大。練習(xí)三一、改正以下各句。1.ShanghaiisbiggerthananyothercityinJapan.Shanghaiisbiggerthan

anycityinJapan.Shanghaiisbiggerthan

anyothercityinChina.2.Ihavemanymorebooksthanyou.Ihave

muchmore

booksthanyou.3.John’shairislongerthanMike.John’shairislongerthan

Mike’s.It’senougheasytoworkouttheproblem.It’s

easyenough

toworkouttheproblem.2.多個(gè)形容詞作定語時(shí)的排列順序（適當(dāng)了解）如果兩個(gè)以上的形容詞修飾一個(gè)名詞時(shí)，與被修飾的名詞關(guān)系較密切的形容詞靠近名詞；如果幾個(gè)形容詞的密切程度差不多，則音節(jié)少的形容詞在前，音節(jié)多的在后。如：asmallbeautifulroom。常用的順序?yàn)椋合薅ㄔ~(those)+數(shù)量形容詞(three)+描繪性形容詞(beautiful)+大小、長短、高低等形體性形容詞(large)+新舊(old)+顏色(brown)+國籍+材料(wood)+被修飾名詞(table)用來修飾動詞、形容詞、其它副詞、全句或名詞詞組及句子的詞。e.g.什么叫副詞?very,early,out,soon,quickly,etc.用法例句作表語Mymotherisout.作定語Thegirlthereismyfriend.作狀語Herunsfast.作賓補(bǔ)Ifoundhimoutside.副詞的用法

副詞的比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成和形容詞的比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成基本相同.e.g.

形容記的最高級前要用定冠詞the,副詞的最高級前可用可不用定冠詞the.AttentionsMountQomolangmaisthehighestintheworld.Jimjumped(the)highestoftheall.fast-faster-fastestslowly-moreslowly–mostslowly1.Thebreadis____thanthesecakesA.verydeliciousB.muchdeliciousC.moredeliciousD.asdelicious2.LinTaojumped____inthelongjumpintheschoolsportsmeetingA.farB.fartherC.farthestD.quitefar3.Whentheymetinthehotel.Theytalkedandlaughed______A.happilyB.happyC.happierD.happiestCCPracticeA4.Inourcityit’s____inJuly,butitiseven____inAugustA.hotterhottestB.hothotC.hotterhotD.hothotter5.HainanisaverylargeIsland.Itisthesecond______islandinchina.A.largeB.largerC.largestD.mostlargest6.Anelephantis____thanatiger.A.heavyB.veryheavyC.theheaviestD.heavierDCD7.Ahorseis______thanadog.A.muchheavyB.moreheavierC.muchheavierD.moreheavy8.Emmaalwaysmakesalotofmistakes.Sheis_____.A.careB.carefulC.carefullyD.careless9.Whichsubjectis_____,physicsorchemistry?A.interestingB.mostinterestingC.moreinterestingD.themostinterestingCDC10.Heis___enoughtocarrytheheavybox.

A.strongB.strongerC.muchstrongerD.thestrongest11.Lileioftentalks___butdoes___soeveryonesaysheisagoodboy.A.lessmoreB.fewmuchC.morelittleD.littlemany12.Whenthefamoussingerstartedtosing,everyonebegantoshoutvery___.A.loudlyB.loudC.heavilyD.highAAASummary形容詞和副詞的意義及用法形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成及用法練習(xí)一、選出正確答案1.-Haveyoueverseen“TomandJerry”?-Sure.It’soneof___cartoonsIhaveeverseen.A.wonderfulB.morewonderfulC.themostwonderful2.It’s___cheaperand__enjoyabletotravelbytrainthanbyplane.A.much;farmoreB.very;verymuchC.More;muchmore3.Chongqingisbiggerthan__inIndia.A.anyothercityB.anycityC.theothercitiesCAB4.Weshouldspend___timedoing___work.A.more;lessB.less;moreC.less;fewer5.Wholeftthewindows___?A.open;B.openedC.opening6.Ifyoulikethechicken,youmayhaveas___asyoucan.A.muchB.manyC.more7.Thequestionis__moredifficultthanthatone.A.quiteB.veryC.alittle8.ThepopulationofChinais___thanthatofJapan.A.moreB.largerC.lessBAACB_9.-Jill,wherewouldyouliketogoonvacation?-We’dliketo_____.A.somewherewarmB.warmsomewhereC.anywherewarm10.–Mum,couldIhaveaCDplayerlikethis?--Certainly,wecanbuya__one,butasgoodasthisone.A.cheapB.cheaperC.cheapest11.Heisfourteen,Iamsixteen.SoI’m___him.A.asoldasB.twoyearsyoungerthanC.notsoyoungasABC12.Thegardenis___thatone.A.threetimesaslongasB.threetimeslongerasC.aslongasthreetimes13.The__personistalkingwiththedoctor.A.illB.sickC.illness14.---TheTVplaywas___.---Yes,I’veneverseen___.A.suchgreat;abetteroneB.sogreat;abetteroneC.verygood;thebestone15.-IthinkEnglishis___French.-Idon’tagreewithyou.A.sopopularasB.lesspopularthanC.asmorepopularasABBB5.Heworksascarefulashissister.Heworksascarefullyashissister.6.TheChangjiangRiveristhefirstlonginChina.TheChangjiangRiveristhefirstlongestinChina.7.There‘sinterestingsomethingintoday’snewspaper.There’ssomethinginterestingintoday’snewspaper.8.I’dliketovisitQufu,becauseit’seducation.I’dliketovisitQufu,becauseit’seducational.【例1】—Whichis_________seasoninBeijing?—Ithinkit'sautumn.［2003北京］A.goodB.betterC.bestD.thebest典型例題解析【例2】Itis_________todaythanyesterday.Shallwegoswimmingthisafternoon?［2003北京海淀區(qū)］A.thehottestB.hotC.hottestD.hotterDD【例3】Jimisrunning_________Bruce.They'reneckandneck,［2003黑龍江］A.fasterthanB.asfastasC.asfasterasD.moreslowlythan【例4】Hermotherwasout.Shestayedathome______,butshedidn'tfeel_________.［2003甘肅］A.alone,lonelyB.lonelyaloneC.alone,lonelyD.lonely,alone【例5】—Isthephysicsproblem_________?—Yes,Icanworkitout_________.［2003黃岡］A.easy,easilyB.easy,easyC.easily,easyD.easily,easilyBAAⅢ.單項(xiàng)選擇1.Whata_________cough!Youseen_________ill.A.terrible,terriblyB.terribly,terribleC.terrible,terribleD.terribly,terribly2.Thecarisrunning_________.Itseemstobeflying.A.moreandfasterB.moreandfastC.fastandfastD.fasterandfaster3.Ifeeleven_________now.A.badB.wellC.worseD.worst4.Shewasveryhappy.Sheran_________ofalltherunners.A.fastestB.thequickestC.slowestD.quickly5.Keepquiet,please.It's_________noisyhere.A.manytooB.toomanyC.muchtooD.toomuch課時(shí)訓(xùn)練ADCAC6.—Haveyou_________spokentoaforeigner?—No,_________.A.already,neverB.ever,neverC.yet,alreadyD.ever,ever7.Heistallerthan_________inhisclass.A.anyboyB.anyboysC.anyotherboyD.someotherboys8.I'llgoandvisityou_________nextweek.A.sometimeB.sometimesC.sometimeD.sometime9.—Whatwastheweatherlikeyesterday?—Itwasverybad.Itrained_____peoplecould____goout.A.hard,hardB.hardly，hardC.hardly,hardlyD.hard，hardly10.Englishisas______asChinese.Youshouldlearnitwell.A.importantB.moreimportantC.themostimportant