依憲執(zhí)政面臨的困境研究,憲法論文

依憲執(zhí)政面臨的困境研究,憲法論文本篇論文目錄導(dǎo)航：【題目】依憲執(zhí)政面臨的窘境研究【引言】【第一章】【第二章】【第三章】【第四章】【結(jié)論/以下為參考文獻(xiàn)】摘要近年來(lái)，在的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，我們國(guó)家在民主與政治的發(fā)展道路上都獲得了本質(zhì)性的進(jìn)步，依憲執(zhí)政的提出，是我們國(guó)家政治文明建設(shè)與法治建設(shè)不斷發(fā)展的必然道路。(關(guān)于全面推進(jìn)依法治國(guó)若干重大問(wèn)題的決定〕中明確指出，我們國(guó)家的依法治國(guó)，首先要依憲治國(guó)；我們國(guó)家的依法執(zhí)政，首先是依憲執(zhí)政。這表示清楚，按照憲法治理國(guó)家和開(kāi)展工作，非常重要。依憲執(zhí)政需要一定的基礎(chǔ)與條件，對(duì)憲法的高度重視對(duì)于我們國(guó)家的法治建設(shè)來(lái)講意義重大，憲法是國(guó)家的根本大法，是治國(guó)安邦的總章程，是統(tǒng)治階級(jí)維護(hù)和穩(wěn)固其專政的重要工具，在國(guó)家法律體系中占首要地位，具有最高的法律效力和法律威。然而，依憲執(zhí)政作為執(zhí)政在探尋求索追求具有中華特點(diǎn)社會(huì)法治道路上的一項(xiàng)全新實(shí)踐，面臨著一些問(wèn)題與挑戰(zhàn)。本文將著重對(duì)這些問(wèn)題和挑戰(zhàn)進(jìn)行分析與歸納，并得出相應(yīng)的對(duì)策。只要針對(duì)這些問(wèn)題的對(duì)策能夠完全的得到落實(shí)，那么依憲執(zhí)政才能夠真正的對(duì)我們國(guó)家法治中國(guó)的建設(shè)起到積極作用，有利于國(guó)家的長(zhǎng)治久安，有利于我們國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)健康發(fā)展，社會(huì)的全面發(fā)展。本論文正文部分共由四部分構(gòu)成：第一部分在理論上對(duì)依憲執(zhí)政這一執(zhí)政理念進(jìn)行了具體的分析。對(duì)依憲執(zhí)政的主體進(jìn)行界定并分別從政治上以及從法律上闡述了界定依憲執(zhí)政主體的意義，除此之外，從執(zhí)政的概念和依憲執(zhí)政的含義這兩個(gè)方面入手，分析了依憲執(zhí)政的內(nèi)涵，并且論證了依憲執(zhí)政是依法執(zhí)政的前提和建設(shè)法治國(guó)家的需要。第二部分深度分析了依憲執(zhí)政的基礎(chǔ)與條件。最高權(quán)威的基本內(nèi)涵、法律構(gòu)造以及政治價(jià)值都是憲法，這是依憲執(zhí)政的基礎(chǔ)。通過(guò)總結(jié)美國(guó)、意大利、日本以及我們國(guó)家的憲法能夠講明憲法是一個(gè)國(guó)家的最高法，并從憲法本身的內(nèi)容和特性，所處時(shí)代背景和立法初衷等方面來(lái)把握憲法權(quán)威。接著從法律體系、民主制度的建立，權(quán)利的配置，人權(quán)保障體系方面闡述依憲執(zhí)政需要的條件。第三部分對(duì)我們國(guó)家依憲執(zhí)政面臨的問(wèn)題與挑戰(zhàn)進(jìn)行了總結(jié)歸納。從執(zhí)政主體到普通民眾，從憲法意識(shí)到制度體系詳盡分析了依憲執(zhí)政所面臨的問(wèn)題。由于我們國(guó)家的歷史包袱沉重，以及新中國(guó)成立以后的政治動(dòng)亂，這些都使得民主和法制被毀壞殆盡，良好的傳統(tǒng)沒(méi)有構(gòu)成。的行政權(quán)利無(wú)限制擴(kuò)張，公民本身權(quán)利被極大壓縮，而公民也缺乏權(quán)利意識(shí)和憲政意識(shí)。監(jiān)督和審查體制的缺失，使得國(guó)家權(quán)利被極大濫用。這些眾多問(wèn)題的存在，曾給我們國(guó)家社會(huì)帶來(lái)長(zhǎng)期的干擾和窘境。除此之外，還有來(lái)自本國(guó)人治傳統(tǒng)以及西方憲政形式帶來(lái)的挑戰(zhàn)。只要盡可能的認(rèn)識(shí)到所面臨的問(wèn)題與挑戰(zhàn)，才能更好的得出對(duì)策，問(wèn)題才能夠迎刃而解。第四部分提出了要想實(shí)現(xiàn)依憲執(zhí)政能夠采納的建議和對(duì)策。以的十八大為新的機(jī)遇，為推進(jìn)社會(huì)各項(xiàng)事業(yè)的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展，依憲執(zhí)政應(yīng)當(dāng)成為和依法治國(guó)，建設(shè)法治社會(huì)的基本前提。首先要完善施行憲法并進(jìn)行監(jiān)督的制度。其次，執(zhí)政要嚴(yán)格在憲法和法律的框架下活動(dòng)，依憲加強(qiáng)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位，規(guī)定的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和執(zhí)政方式以及規(guī)范政關(guān)系。再次，從經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)和憲政格局兩方面提高依憲執(zhí)政能力。最后，要強(qiáng)化對(duì)憲法的宣傳，進(jìn)行普法教育。本文關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)：依憲執(zhí)政憲法存在問(wèn)題對(duì)策AbstractInrecentyears,undertheleadershipoftheCPC,Chinahasmadesubstantialprogressindevelopingdemocracyandpolitics,theproposeofrulingbyconstitutionisthelogicalroadofChinesecontinuousdevelopmentofpoliticalcivilizationandruleoflaw.TheChineseCommunistPartyCentralCommitteesdecisiononanumberofimportantissuesinrelationtocomprehensivelyimplementinggoverningthecountrybylawhasspecifiedthatTorealizetheruleoflaw,thecountryshouldberuledinlinewiththeConstitution.TheimportanceofrulebytheConstitutionhasbeenfullyelucidated.RulebytheConstitutionneedssomecertainfoundationandconditions,andthehighattentionpaidtotheConstitutionisofgreatsignificancetoChineseconstructionofruleoflaw.TheConstitution,asthefundamentallawofthestate,isthegeneralstatuteofadministeringstateaffairsandensuringnationalsecurity,anditisanimportantimplementfortherulingclasstosafeguardandstrengthenitsdictatorship.TheConstitutionholdstheleadingpostinstateslegalsystemandhassupremelegalvalidityandauthority.However,rulebytheConstitution,asanewpracticeoftherulingPartyexploringsocialistruleoflawwithChinesecharacteristics,isfacingsomeproblemsandchallenges.Thisthesisisgoingtoanalyzeandclassifytheseproblemsandchallenges,andthencomeupwithsolutionstothem.OnlyifthesesolutionscanbefullyimplementedwillrulebytheConstitutionbenefitstheconstructionofruleoflawinChina,thelastingsecurityandtheeconomicdevelopmentsaswellastheall-rounddevelopmentofthesociety.Thebodyofthisthesisisdividedintofourparts:ThefirstpartanalysesrulebytheConstitutionontheoryatlength.ItdefinesthesubjectofrulebytheConstitutionandelaboratesthedefinitionpoliticallyandlegally,thendemonstratesthatrulebytheConstitutionisthepreconditiontorulebylaw,anditsalsotheneedofbuildingacountryruledbylaw.ThesecondpartanalysesthefoundationandconditionsofrulebytheConstitution.Constitutionisthesupremeauthoritysfundamentalconnotation,legalstructureandpoliticalvalue,whichisthefoundationofrulebytheConstitution.ItisprovedthatConstitutionisthesupremelawinacountrybysummarizingtheconstitutionsofAmerica,Italy,JapanandChina.TheauthorityoftheConstitutionshouldbegraspedbyitscontentsandcharacters,aswellashistoricalbackgroundandoriginalintentionoftheconstitution.Thenitelaboratestheconditionsintermsoflegalsystem,establishmentofdemocraticsystem,powerallocationandhumanrightsprotectionsystem.ThethirdpartsummarizestheproblemsandchallengesofrulebytheConstitution,andanalysestheproblemsfromrulingsubjecttocommonpeople,fromawarenessoftheConstitutiontothesystem.Agoodtraditionwasnotdevelopedbecauseofserioushistoricalissues,andthepoliticalturmoilafterthenewChinawasfounded,whichallledtothedestroyofdemocracyandlegalinstitutions.Theexecutivepowerexpandedunlimitedly,citizensrightswerereducedandtheywerelackofconsciousnessofrightandconstitutionalism.Thelackofsupervisionandcensorshipsystemledtotheabuseofforceofstate.Alltheproblemshavebroughtlong-termdistractionsanddilemma.Besides,therearealsochallengesfromtheconceptofrulebymanandwesternconstitutionalgovernmentpattern.Onlyifwerealizetheproblemsandchallengesaspossibleaswecanwillwecomeupwithsolutions.ThefourthpartproposessuggestionsandsolutionscanbeadoptedtorealizerulebytheConstitution.Withthe18thCPCNationalCongressbeingthenewopportunityinordertoimpelthedevelopmentofsocialistcause,rulebytheConstitutionshouldbethepremiseofrulebylaw.Firstly,theConstitutionshouldbefullyimplementedandsupervised.Secondly,therulingPartyshouldbestrictlyundertheframeworkoftheConstitution,strengthentheleadingpost,regulatestheleadingandrulingways,andnormalizestherelationbetweenthePartyandthegovernmentinlinewiththeConstitution.Thirdly,theabilityofrulebytheConstitutionshouldbeimprovedineconomicfoundationandconstitutionalstructure.Last,weshouldstrengthenthepublicityoftheConstitutionandpopularizinglaweducation.KeyWords:rulebytheConstitutiontheConstitutionproblemssolutions目錄中文內(nèi)容摘要英文內(nèi)容摘要引言〔一〕研究意義與目的〔二〕國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)在狀況〔三〕基本思路和研究方式方法〔四〕難點(diǎn)和創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)一、依憲執(zhí)政的主體、內(nèi)涵與法律意義〔一〕依憲執(zhí)政的主體1.依憲執(zhí)政