循環(huán)系統(tǒng)-8胸、腹盆部的脈管

2023/3/131胸、腹、盆部的脈管

Theangiologyofthethorax、theabdomenandthepelvis

南京大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院人體解剖教研室朱亞文2023/3/1322023/3/1332023/3/1342023/3/1352023/3/1362023/3/1372023/3/1382023/3/1392023/3/13102023/3/13112023/3/13122023/3/13132023/3/13142023/3/13152023/3/13162023/3/13172023/3/1318腹主動(dòng)脈

abdominalaorta（1）1、胸12至腰4水平，長約14-15厘米。2、不成對的臟支：腹腔干celiactrunk腸系膜上動(dòng)脈superiormesenterica.腸系膜下動(dòng)脈inferiormesenterica.2023/3/1319腹主動(dòng)脈

abdominalaorta（2）3、成對的臟支：腎上腺中動(dòng)脈middlesuprarenala.腎動(dòng)脈、renala.睪丸（卵巢）動(dòng)脈testicular(ovarian)a.4、壁支：膈下動(dòng)脈inferiorphrenica.腰動(dòng)脈lumbara.骶正中動(dòng)脈middlesacrala.2023/3/13202023/3/1321下腔靜脈Inferiorvenacava1、前面：肝、胰頭、十二指腸水平部、右睪丸（卵巢）動(dòng)脈、腸系膜根2、屬支：髂總靜脈、右睪丸（卵巢）靜脈testicular（ovarian）vein、腎靜脈、右腎上腺靜脈、肝靜脈、膈下靜脈inferiorphrenicvein、腰靜脈lumbarvein3、腰升靜脈ascendinglumbarvein：向下-髂腰靜脈-髂總靜脈向上-半奇靜脈-奇靜脈-上腔靜脈2023/3/13222023/3/13232023/3/1324腰部的神經(jīng)

thelumbarnerves

1、腰交感干Lumbarsympathetictrunk

位于脊柱與腰大肌之間2、腰神經(jīng)節(jié)lumbarganglion3、腹腔神經(jīng)叢celiacplexus4、腰叢lumbarplexus

2023/3/13252023/3/1326腹腔干Theceliactrunk（1）1、胃左動(dòng)脈theleftgastrica.2、肝總動(dòng)脈thecommonhepatica.肝固有動(dòng)脈Theproperhepatica.膽囊動(dòng)脈Thecystica.2023/3/1327胃右動(dòng)脈Therightgastrica.左右肝支Therightandleftbranche胃十二指腸動(dòng)脈Thegastroduodenala.胃網(wǎng)膜右動(dòng)脈Therightgastroepiploica.胰十二指腸上動(dòng)脈(前、后支)Thesuperiorpancreaticoduodenala.2023/3/13282023/3/13292023/3/13302023/3/13312023/3/13322023/3/13332023/3/13342023/3/1335腹腔干Theceliactrunk（2）3、脾動(dòng)脈thesplenica.胰支thepancreaticbranches胰背動(dòng)脈thedorsalpancreatica.胰橫（胰下）動(dòng)脈theinferiorpancreatica.胰尾動(dòng)脈thecaudalpancreatica胰大動(dòng)脈Thegreatpancreatica胃短動(dòng)脈theshortgastrica.胃網(wǎng)膜左動(dòng)脈theleftgastroepiploica.2023/3/13362023/3/13372023/3/1338腸系膜上動(dòng)脈

thesuperiormesenterica.1、胰十二指腸下動(dòng)脈（前、后支）theinferiorpanreaticoduodenala.2、空腸和回腸動(dòng)脈thejejunalandileala.3、回結(jié)腸動(dòng)脈theileocolica.A.結(jié)腸支B.盲腸支C.回腸支D.闌尾支4、右結(jié)腸動(dòng)脈therightcolica.5、中結(jié)腸動(dòng)脈themiddlecolica.2023/3/13392023/3/13402023/3/13412023/3/1342腸系膜下動(dòng)脈

Theinferiormesenterica.1、左結(jié)腸動(dòng)脈theleftcolica.2、乙狀結(jié)腸動(dòng)脈thesigmoida.3、直腸上動(dòng)脈thesuperiorrectala.4、胰十二指腸上動(dòng)脈前后支與胰十二指腸下動(dòng)脈前后支吻合成前后弓5、直腸上、下動(dòng)脈吻合6、所有結(jié)腸動(dòng)脈吻合成動(dòng)脈弓，稱邊緣動(dòng)脈colicmarginala.，由其發(fā)出終末動(dòng)脈。2023/3/13432023/3/13442023/3/1345脾臟thespleen1、位置與毗鄰左季肋區(qū)，具后正中線4-5厘米。2、韌帶胃脾韌帶、脾腎韌帶、膈脾韌帶、脾結(jié)腸韌帶3、血供：脾動(dòng)脈、靜脈4、副脾accessoryspleen2023/3/13462023/3/13472023/3/13482023/3/13492023/3/13502023/3/13512023/3/13522023/3/13532023/3/13542023/3/13552023/3/13562023/3/13572023/3/13582023/3/13592023/3/13602023/3/13612023/3/13622023/3/13632023/3/1364髂總動(dòng)脈thecommoniliaca.

髂外動(dòng)脈theexternaliliaca.腹壁下動(dòng)脈theinferiorepigastrica.精索外動(dòng)脈（子宮元韌帶動(dòng)脈）、恥骨支（閉孔支）與閉孔動(dòng)脈的恥骨支吻合。有時(shí)吻合支很粗大，而閉孔動(dòng)脈很細(xì)小，前者代替后者，成為異常閉孔動(dòng)脈。旋髂深動(dòng)脈thedeepiliaccircumflexa.2023/3/1365髂內(nèi)動(dòng)脈theinternaliliaca.1、壁支theparietalbranches閉孔動(dòng)脈theobturatora.分為前后兩支，后支分出小支穿股骨頭韌帶血供髖關(guān)節(jié)；恥骨支；髂腰動(dòng)脈theiliolumbara.向外上走骶外側(cè)動(dòng)脈thelateralsacrala.臀上動(dòng)脈thesuperiorgluteala.臀下動(dòng)脈theinferiorgluteala.2023/3/13662、壁支thevisceralbranches膀胱上動(dòng)脈thesuperiorvesicala.臍動(dòng)脈theumbilicala.膀胱下動(dòng)脈theinferiorvesicala.輸精管動(dòng)脈thedeferentiala.直腸下動(dòng)脈theinferiorrectala.子宮動(dòng)脈theuterinea.陰道支、底支、輸卵管支、卵巢支、子宮支2023/3/1367G.陰部內(nèi)動(dòng)脈theinternalpundendala.行走在陰部管，分肛門動(dòng)脈、會(huì)陰動(dòng)脈、男性陰莖動(dòng)脈（陰莖背動(dòng)脈、陰莖深動(dòng)脈）、女性陰蒂動(dòng)脈（陰蒂背動(dòng)脈、陰蒂深動(dòng)脈）。2023/3/13682023/3/13692023/3/13702023/3/13712023/3/1372盆部的淋巴

thelymphofpelvis1、髂外淋巴結(jié)externaliliaclymphnodes2、髂內(nèi)淋巴結(jié)internaliliaclymphnodes3、骶淋巴結(jié)sacrallymphnodes4、髂總淋巴結(jié)commoniliaclymphnodes2023/3/13732023/3/13742023/3