讀后續(xù)寫精彩紛呈動(dòng)作描寫之說(shuō)（講義）

精彩紛呈動(dòng)作描寫之“說(shuō)”（講義）目錄目標(biāo)1精彩紛呈的不同的“說(shuō)”目標(biāo)2不同位置的“說(shuō)”目標(biāo)3掌握不同修飾法的“說(shuō)”目標(biāo)4避免易錯(cuò)、易丟分的“說(shuō)”目標(biāo)5經(jīng)典賞析目標(biāo)6真題感悟精彩紛呈的不同的“說(shuō)”【多種表達(dá)】一般說(shuō)say說(shuō);speak說(shuō)；tell告訴；add補(bǔ)充說(shuō)；insist堅(jiān)持說(shuō)；chat(聊天)哭著說(shuō)cry哭叫；大聲說(shuō)；sob嗚咽著說(shuō);weepout哭著說(shuō)出笑著說(shuō)smile微笑著說(shuō);laugh笑著說(shuō)；saywithasmile;chuckle(輕笑著說(shuō))音調(diào)說(shuō)call喊，叫;yell喊叫(因激動(dòng)，恐懼);shout高喊;大聲喊叫;scream驚呼，高聲叫道；scream(尖叫),roar(吼叫),,letoutaloudvoice(大叫/大聲呼喊),whisper(小聲/低語(yǔ))，murmur(低語(yǔ)/嘀咕/低聲抱怨)褒貶說(shuō)praise稱贊；complain抱怨；sigh嘆息；mutter低聲抱怨；murmur嘟囔問(wèn)答說(shuō)ask問(wèn)；explain解釋說(shuō)；reply=respond答復(fù),回答；answer回答demand質(zhì)問(wèn)；inquire(詢問(wèn))；tell告訴反對(duì)說(shuō)disagree不同意；deny否認(rèn)；scold責(zé)備;contradict反駁說(shuō)；argue爭(zhēng)論；protest抗議聲明說(shuō)state聲明；declare宣布；announce宣布;claim聲明;pointout指出評(píng)論說(shuō)comment;observe;remark;hint(暗示)；add(補(bǔ)充說(shuō))觀點(diǎn)說(shuō)admit承認(rèn)；agree同意；advise勸告，建議；suggest建議；argue主張acknowledge承認(rèn)；其他說(shuō)repeat重復(fù)；promise答應(yīng)/許諾；comfort安慰；warn警告；whisper悄聲說(shuō);低語(yǔ)道；beg懇求；promise承諾道；emphasize=stress強(qiáng)調(diào);swear發(fā)誓；【精彩典例】【2023年新高考全國(guó)I卷】“Iknewyou’dwin!Iamproudofyou.Youmadeit!”hesaidexcitedly.“我知道你會(huì)贏的！”我為你感到驕傲。你做到了！”他興奮地說(shuō)?！緩V東省河源市2023-2024學(xué)年高三開(kāi)學(xué)聯(lián)考】“Youcanslowlystartanewlifewiththismoney,friend,”O(jiān)fficerJacksonsaidencouragingly.“朋友，你可以用這筆錢慢慢地開(kāi)始新的生活，”杰克遜警官鼓勵(lì)地說(shuō)。3.【廣東省六校2023-2024學(xué)年高三聯(lián)考試題】...buttwoweekslater,hissecretarycalled,“Mr.Slaightwantstoknowifyou’dliketocomeandauditionforanewschoollifeshow.”Iimmediatelyanswered，“Sure!”但兩周后，他的秘書打電話說(shuō)：“斯萊特先生想知道你是否想來(lái)參加一個(gè)新的學(xué)校生活節(jié)目的試鏡。”我立刻回答說(shuō)：“當(dāng)然可以！”4.【2022年廈門大學(xué)附中2022-2023學(xué)年期中】Astheboatwasapproaching,Kianapointedtoherfatherandsisterandsomeonescreamed,“Theyareinthewater!Help!”當(dāng)船駛近時(shí)，基亞娜指著她的父親和妹妹，有人尖叫道：“他們?cè)谒?！”救命！”“Ididfinishmywork,"heemphasized.“我真的完成了工作?！彼麖?qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)?！癐tisallyourfault!"heretorted.“那都是你的錯(cuò)!”他反駁說(shuō)。7.Lilyscoldedthechildgentlyforbeingnaughty.Lily輕聲責(zé)備了那個(gè)調(diào)皮的孩子。8.“Hannah?Youknowwheresheis?Howisshe?Pleasetellme,”hebegged.“Hannah?你知道她在哪兒?jiǎn)?？她怎么樣？?qǐng)告訴我。”他懇求道。9.Shemanagedaforcedsmile,murmuring“Thankyou,anyway,”andturnedtowardthedoorway.她勉強(qiáng)一笑，低聲說(shuō)“無(wú)論如何謝謝你”，轉(zhuǎn)身朝門口走去。10.“There’saChristmaswishcontestonthenewspaper,”Amy’smomannounced.“WritealettertoSanta,andyoumightwinaprize.”“報(bào)紙上有一個(gè)圣誕愿望競(jìng)賽。”Amy的媽媽宣布，“給圣誕老人寫封信可能會(huì)得獎(jiǎng)?！蔽恢渺`活的“說(shuō)”【多種表達(dá)】No.1在前面：說(shuō)話人+說(shuō)話內(nèi)容“說(shuō)”后用逗號(hào)，引號(hào)內(nèi)第一個(gè)字母大寫，句尾標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)放在引號(hào)內(nèi)。1.（2023年新高考I卷真題）Isaid,“It’syouwhomakemefallinlovewithwriting,mysocialstudiesteacher.Withoutyourrecognitionandguidance,Icouldn’thavewrittenthisarticle.Againthankyouverymuch!”我說(shuō)：“是你讓我愛(ài)上了寫作，我的社會(huì)研究老師。如果沒(méi)有你的認(rèn)可和指導(dǎo)，我就不可能寫這篇文章。再次非常感謝你！2.Headdedsoftly“Imissyou.”他又溫柔的說(shuō)了一句:“我想念你?！盢o.2在句中：說(shuō)話內(nèi)容+說(shuō)話人+說(shuō)話內(nèi)容“某人說(shuō)”可以寫作“sb.said”也可以寫作“saidsb.”；“某人說(shuō)”前面引號(hào)內(nèi)用逗號(hào)，引號(hào)外第一個(gè)字母小寫。“某人說(shuō)”后面如果用句號(hào)，則后面引號(hào)內(nèi)第一個(gè)字母大寫；“某人說(shuō)”后面如果用逗號(hào)，則后面引號(hào)內(nèi)第一個(gè)字母小寫。1.“Ican’tgetitout!”Ishouted,myvoicesoundingunnaturallyloudintheenclosedspace.“我拿不出來(lái)！”我喊道，我的聲音在封閉的空間里聽(tīng)起來(lái)很奇響。2.Hissonsmiledsomewhatshyly,andrepliedsoftly,“Me,too,Dad!”他的兒子有些靦腆地笑了笑，輕聲答道:“我也是，爸爸!”3.“Veryclever,”saidtheteacher,noddinghisheadasifpleased.“很聰明，”老師高興地點(diǎn)了點(diǎn)頭說(shuō)。4.“我的答案是對(duì)”湯姆爭(zhēng)辯道，“你的答案是錯(cuò)的?！薄癕yanswerisright,"arguedTom,“andyoursiswrong.”5.“Didyougoskatingalotlastyear?”Iasked,blurtingoutthefirstthingthatcametomymind.“你去年經(jīng)常溜冰嗎？”我問(wèn)，脫口說(shuō)出出現(xiàn)在我腦海里的第一件事。6.“Toyourhealth!”saidMr.White,whoalsoemptiedhisglass,andwipedhismouthwithhishandkerchief.“祝你健康!”White先生說(shuō)，他也把杯子倒空了，用手帕擦了擦嘴。No.3在后面：說(shuō)話內(nèi)容+說(shuō)話人陳述句引號(hào)內(nèi)用逗號(hào)，引號(hào)外第一個(gè)字母小寫；疑問(wèn)句或感嘆句引號(hào)內(nèi)用問(wèn)號(hào)或感嘆號(hào)，引號(hào)外第一個(gè)字母小寫?？梢詫懽鳌皊b.said”也可以寫作“saidsb.”。1.“Iwouldliketogowithyou,butIhaven’tfinishedmyhomework.”Shesaid.她說(shuō)：“我想和你一起去，但我還沒(méi)有做完成作業(yè)?！?..“Heisafineyoungman,"observedStephen.“他是一位優(yōu)秀的年輕人，”斯蒂芬評(píng)論道。“You'recrazy!"shelaughed.“你瘋啦!”她哈哈大笑起來(lái)?！癏elp,help!”hecried/screamed.“救命啊,救命啊!”他高聲喊道。多種修飾的“說(shuō)”【１被副詞修飾】1.【2022年新高考全國(guó)I卷】Thechildrensaidloudly,“HappyMother’sDay!”孩子們大聲說(shuō)：“母親節(jié)快樂(lè)！”2.“Iwon’tletyoudown,”herepliedconfidently.他信心十足地回答道，“我不會(huì)讓你失望的?！?.“Mybestfriendisleaving,”shesaidsadly.“我最好的朋友要走了，”她難過(guò)地說(shuō)。4.“That'simpossible,"shethoughtaloud.“那不可能，”她自言自語(yǔ)地說(shuō)?！荆脖唤樵~短語(yǔ)修飾】1.“Doyouknowtheanswer?”hesaidwitheagerness.“你知道答案嗎？”他急切地說(shuō)?！癘fcourse,”Nancyrepliedwithasmile.“當(dāng)然,”南希笑著回答。3.Thehousegotreallynoisyatthattime,witheverybodyholleringandshoutingatthetopofhisvoice.那棟房子真是很吵鬧，每個(gè)人都在用最大的嗓門大喊大叫。4.“Christine!Takecareofyouryoungbrother!”Mothershoutedatthetopofhervoice.“Christine!照顧好你弟弟！”母親高聲喊道?！荆潮环侵^語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)修飾】1.“Ididn’tgetanidealscoreinthemathexam,”saidLily,disappointed.“我在數(shù)學(xué)考試中沒(méi)有得到理想的分?jǐn)?shù)，”莉莉失望地說(shuō)。2.“Timetogo.”Iwhisperedtothegirl,wishingshecouldfollowmerightaway.“該出發(fā)了?！蔽逸p聲對(duì)小女孩說(shuō)，希望她能立馬跟上。3.“Heturnedmeoutoftheroomthismorning,”saidJames,stampinghisfootwithexcitement.早上他把我趕出了房間，”詹姆斯激動(dòng)的跺著腳說(shuō)。4.“Ididn'tknowwhatIwasdoing,”shesaid,laughing.“我不知道我在做什么，”她笑著說(shuō)。5.“I'llgetussomecoffee,”shesaid,headingforthekitchen.“我去給我們拿點(diǎn)咖啡，”她說(shuō)著朝廚房走去?！荆幢粻钫Z(yǔ)從句修飾】say后接狀語(yǔ)從句，增加了細(xì)節(jié)描寫。即：“...”sbsaid,as/when/before/asif...1.“Whatabeauty!”saidthenursewhenshecametothedoor.“多美啊!”護(hù)士走到門口時(shí)說(shuō)道。2.“Watchout!”sheshouted,asthecarstartedtomove.“當(dāng)心!”當(dāng)汽車開(kāi)始移動(dòng)時(shí)，她喊道?！荆当徊⒘芯湫揎棥縮ay后接并列謂語(yǔ)或接并列句，增加了動(dòng)作描寫。即：“...”sbsaid,and(thenhe)did....1.“IwasattackedbyawolfandIthoughtIwouldneverseeyouagain.”Machuggedthemandburstoutcrying.“我被狼襲擊了，我以為再也見(jiàn)不到你了?！丙溈吮е麄?，大哭起來(lái)?！荆侗?..+動(dòng)作描寫來(lái)修飾】1.FrankquicklytoldBelleRingerandtheothertwodriversaboutStevie'ssurgery,andthensighed.弗蘭克快速地告訴BelleRinger和其他兩名司機(jī)Stevie手術(shù)的事，說(shuō)完之后嘆了口氣。2.“Idon'tbelieveyouanymore”Heturnedaround,slammedthedoorandstormedout.“我再也不相信你了。”他轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身，砰的一聲關(guān)上門，沖了出去。3.Jamesmurmuredathankyouandranhomealltheway.James輕輕地說(shuō)了聲“謝謝”后一路跑回了家。4.Hepaused,lookedstraightintohereyes,andsaidinaquietvoice,“That'strue.他停下來(lái)，直視著她的眼睛，平靜地說(shuō):“那是真的?！?.TheQueen,quiteoutofbreathfromyellingandscreaming,wentuptoAliceandasked,“Haveyoumethimyet?”女王因?yàn)榇舐暫敖卸鴼獯跤醯叵驉?ài)麗絲走過(guò)來(lái)并且問(wèn)道:“你見(jiàn)過(guò)他嗎?”6.“Drivesafely,"hesaid,andwavedgoodbye.“小心開(kāi)車，”他說(shuō)著揮手告別。7.“Comehere,”saidthelittleman,andtookhertooneofthecornersofthebuilding.【7不出現(xiàn)“說(shuō)”，...+動(dòng)作描寫來(lái)修飾】1.“IwasattackedbyawolfandIthoughtIwouldneverseeyouagain.”Machuggedthemandburstoutcrying.“我被狼襲擊了，我以為再也見(jiàn)不到你了?！丙溈吮е麄儯罂奁饋?lái)。2.Heinterruptedthesilencewithanannouncement:“ThedeadlinetoenterfortheCompetitionistomorrow.”他用一則通知打斷了沉默:“報(bào)名參加比賽的截止日期是明天?！?.Shesuggestedawalkintheopenairandhereadilyagreed.她提議去戶外走走，他欣然同意了。4.Hewentalong,stoppinghisfriendsbeginningendlesslyhisstatement.他走過(guò)去攔住他的朋友們，開(kāi)始了他無(wú)休止的陳述。低分的“說(shuō)”錯(cuò)誤一濫用修飾詞【典例1】“Howcanyoudothis?"shesaidveryangrily,lookingatmefuriously.【點(diǎn)睛】此句使用了大量副調(diào)。并且套用了分詞作伴隨的句型。過(guò)度使用副詞讓閱卷老師覺(jué)得你詞匯貧乏。廢話連篇，對(duì)情節(jié)發(fā)展和刻畫人物性格沒(méi)有幫助。【典例2】“Thatisfantasticnews,”hesaidhappily.【點(diǎn)睛】此句中完全沒(méi)有必要加上一個(gè)happily來(lái)表達(dá)說(shuō)的方式，因?yàn)榫渲械膄antastic一詞足以說(shuō)明說(shuō)話人的表情，過(guò)度強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)話標(biāo)簽會(huì)讓讀者的注意力集中在“說(shuō)話的方式”而不是“說(shuō)話的內(nèi)容”。錯(cuò)誤二追求花哨，過(guò)度使用“對(duì)話標(biāo)簽”【典例】“Hey，howareyou?”“I’mfine,howareyou?”“Howistheweather?”“Terrific!Nicedayforawalkisn'tit?”【點(diǎn)睛】這樣的對(duì)話在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中很真實(shí)，但是小說(shuō)畢竟是藝術(shù)加工，無(wú)助情節(jié)推動(dòng)的，不能刻畫人物性格的日常寒暄和偏離文章主線的對(duì)話絕對(duì)不用。錯(cuò)誤三用詞不當(dāng)，邏輯混淆【典例】“Ican'tbelieveit,”Emmagasped.“That'shilarious,”Henrychuckled.【點(diǎn)睛】這里把動(dòng)作描寫邏輯混淆了，gasp(喘息)不能.chuckle(輕笑)出一句話?！癐can'tbelieveit”Emmasaidwithagasp.(Dialoguetag+with介詞短語(yǔ))錯(cuò)誤四重復(fù)使用，廢話堆積【典例】“Itoldyoualready,”Isaid,glaring.【點(diǎn)睛】此句對(duì)話中的主語(yǔ)“1”已經(jīng)清晰地說(shuō)明了說(shuō)話者，完全沒(méi)有必要用dialoguetag“Isaid”來(lái)說(shuō)明說(shuō)話對(duì)象。可以加上一點(diǎn)動(dòng)作描寫就可以避免這種錯(cuò)誤，并且提升語(yǔ)言的生動(dòng)性。Iglaredathim,“Itoldyoualready.”經(jīng)典賞析【模擬速遞】【廣東省執(zhí)信中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三開(kāi)學(xué)試題】Whenmydadarrived,hewentasusual,straighttothebalconyandsawhisflowerslyingonthefloorlikedeadanimals.Innotime,hegotannoyedandstormedintoourroom,questioningusinglarewhoitwasthatmadesuchamessofhisflowers.Insteadofcrying,braveMariaheldouttheflowersandexplainedwhatwemeanttodoandhowitendedupthisway.Shewasafraidthatdadmightpunishher,butatthesametimeshehopedthatdadwouldsmileatourwarmactions.Deeplytouched,dadheldtheflowerstightlyandgently,andimmediatelygatheredusintohisarms,saying,“Youaremybestflowers!”當(dāng)我爸爸到達(dá)時(shí)，他像往常一樣，徑直走到陽(yáng)臺(tái)上，看到他的花像死動(dòng)物一樣躺在地板上。很快，他就怒氣沖沖地沖進(jìn)了我們的房間，怒不可遏地問(wèn)我們，是誰(shuí)把他的花弄得一團(tuán)糟。勇敢的瑪麗亞沒(méi)有哭，而是拿出花，解釋我們打算做什么，以及它是如何這樣結(jié)束的。她擔(dān)心爸爸會(huì)懲罰她，但同時(shí)她也希望爸爸會(huì)對(duì)我們溫暖的行為微笑。爸爸深深地感動(dòng)，緊緊而溫柔地握著花，立刻把我們抱在懷里，說(shuō)：“你們是我最好的花！”【2022年新高考II卷】閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Itwasthedayofthebigcross-countryrun.Studentsfromsevendifferentprimaryschoolsinandaroundthesmalltownwerewarmingupandwalkingtheroute(路線)throughthickevergreenforest.IlookedaroundandfinallyspottedDavid,whowasstandingbyhimselfofftothesidebyafence.Hewassmallfortenyearsold.Hisusualbigtoothysmilewasabsenttoday.Iwalkedoverandaskedhimwhyhewasn’twiththeotherchildren.Hehesitatedandthensaidhehaddecidednottorun.Whatwaswrong?Hehadworkedsohardforthisevent!Iquicklysearchedthecrowdfortheschool’scoachandaskedhimwhathadhappened.“Iwasafraidthatkidsfromotherschoolswouldlaughathim,”heexplaineduncomfortably.“Igavehimthechoicetorunornot,andlethimdecide.”Ibitbackmyfrustration(懊惱).Iknewthecoachmeantwell—hethoughthewasdoingtherightthing.AftermakingsurethatDavidcouldrunifhewanted,Iturnedtofindhimcomingtowardsme,hissmallbodyrockingfromsidetosideasheswunghisfeetforward.Davidhadabraindiseasewhichpreventedhimfromwalkingorrunninglikeotherchildren,butatschoolhisclassmatesthoughtofhimasaregularkid.Healwaysparticipatedtothebestofhisabilityinwhatevertheyweredoing.ThatwaswhynoneofthechildrenthoughtitunusualthatDavidhaddecidedtojointhecross-countryteam.Itjusttookhimlonger—that’sall.Davidhadnotmissedasinglepractice,andalthoughhealwaysfinishedhisrunlongaftertheotherchildren,hedidalwaysfinish.Asaspecialeducationteacherattheschool,IwasfamiliarwiththechallengesDavidfacedandwasproudofhisstrongdetermination.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答.Wesatdownnexttoeachother,butDavidwouldn’tlookatme.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________IwatchedasDavidmoveduptothestartinglinewiththeotherrunners.【答案】Wesatdownnexttoeachother,butDavidwouldn’tlookatme.Isaidgentlyandquietly,“Noonecanchangeyourmind,exceptyourself.Ifyoudesiretochallengeyourself,thereisnothingtodowithothers’thoughts.”Hesatstillwithadeepbreath.“Youhaveafullpreparationbeforethisevent,whichisthemostimportantreasonwhyyoushowuphere”,Iaddedwithasinceretone.Hearingmywords,Davidturnedtometremblinglywithtearsspillingoutofhiseyesandexpressedhehadmadeafirmdeterminationtofinishthecross-countryrun.HiscoachheardwhatDavidsaidandgavemealook—thekindthatwasmoredeterminedthananyoneelse’s.IwatchedasDavidmoveduptothestartinglinewiththeotherrunners.Theracestarted.Itseemedthattherunwaywasextremelylongforyoungchildren,nottomentionachildwithabraindisease.Davidinsistedonrunningasifhehadforgottenallhisweaknesses,thoughhewastrippedoverwithintheafewkilometers.Itdidn’ttakelongbeforehepickedhimselfupagainandcontinuedhismission.Classmatesallappearedontheracingtrack,cheeringforhim.“Comeon!Youcan