湖北省部分重點中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第二次聯(lián)考期末英語試題（解析版）

湖北省部分重點中學(xué)2025屆高三第二次聯(lián)考高三英語試卷試卷滿分：150分注意事項：1.答題前先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號、考場號、座位號填寫在試卷和答題卡上，認真核準(zhǔn)準(zhǔn)考證號條形碼上的以上信息，將條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.請按題號順序在答題卡上各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3.選擇題用2B鉛筆在答題卡上把所選答案的標(biāo)號涂黑；非選擇題用黑色簽字筆在答題卡上作答；字體工整，筆跡清楚4.考試結(jié)束后，請將試卷和答題卡一并上交第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whattimeisitnow?A.9:35. B.9:20. C.9:05.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:You’dbetterhurry.Thelecturebeginsat9:20atRoom10.M:Oh,takeiteasy.Westillhaveaquarterofanhourbeforeitstarts.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inarestaurant. B.Inafurnitureshop. C.Inthewoman’shouse.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:We’dlikeatable,please.W:I’msorry,sir.Wecan’tdoanythingforyourightnow.Youseewe’repackedatlunchtime.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdidthemanthinkofthefootballgame?A.Disappointing. B.Exciting. C.Confusing.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Mybosstookmetoafootballgameafterwork.Ihadneverseenaprofessionalfootballgamebefore.W:Thatwasniceofhim.Didyouenjoyit?M:Notparticularly.I’veneverunderstoodhowthegameworks.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Whethertocheckintheirluggage. B.Whentoboardtheplane. C.Whattodoafterlanding.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Areyougoingtocheckinyourbagortakeitontheplane?W:EversinceIlostmysuitcaseinCairo,Itakeitontheplane.M:ThenIwilltoo,sowewon’thavetowaitwhenweland.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdidthewomanprobablylose?A.Herbag. B.Herticket. C.Herumbrella.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:IthoughtIwouldn’tbeabletogetintothecinema.IsupposeitslippedoutofmybagearlierwhenIwaslookingformyumbrella.M:Atleastyouhadthemoneytogetanotherone.W:Butitwassoembarrassing.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.WhydoesTomcallKate?A.Toinvitehertoafootballgame.B.Togetaticketofthefootballgame.C.Toaskthewaytothefootballplayground.7.WhatdoesKateadviseTomtodo?A.Leavehomeearly. B.Buyhisticketearly. C.Listentotheradio.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】M:Hello,Kate,thisisTom.W:Hi,Tom.WhatcanIdoforyou?M:I’mgoingtowatchtonight’sWorldCupmatch,butI’mnotfamiliarwiththeroute.W:Oh,it’sverysimple.First,gosouthonHighway28for5milesuntilyoucometoalargerestaurantcalledFanny’s.Turnleftattherestaurantandcontinueforafewmilesmoreandyouwillcomerighttotheplayground.M:Doyouthinktheplaygroundwillbemuchcrowded?W:Well,theradioannouncedthatalltheticketsforthisgamehavebeensoldout.Thatmeansyoushouldgetthereanhourearlybeforethegamestarts.M:Thankyouverymuchforyourhelp,Kate.I’lltakeyouradvice.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whydoesthewomancometotheman?A.Togetsomematerialsprinted. B.Toordermedicalequipment. C.Torepairthememorycard,9.Whatisthewoman’sproblem?A.Thefairhassoldoutoftickets. B.Astorehasclosedfortheday. C.Sherequiressomeitemstoday.10.Howdoesthemanhelpthewoman?A.Byextendingtheshop’sclosingtime.B.Byrecommendinganalternativeshop.C.Byrestoringthedataonthememorycard.【答案】8.A9.C10.B【解析】【原文】W:Hello.I’mintownforthemedicalequipmenttradefair.Unfortunately,wehaverunoutofbrochuresatourcompany’sstand.IhaveeverythingyouwillneedsavedonthismemorycardandwaswonderingifIcouldget300copiesprintedtoday.M:I’msorry,butourscheduleisreallybusy.ThesoonestIcouldgetthemtoyouistomorrowafternoon.W:Hmm.Ithinkthat’stoolate,asIneedthemassoonaspossible.Arethereanyotherprintshopsnearby?M:Therearen’tanyothersinthisarea.I’mafraidtheclosestoneisonDoverBoulevard.Youshouldtakeataxi,though,asitclosesin30minutes.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】11.WhyisMr.SmithtalkingtoMrs.Robinson?A.Todiscusshomedecorationplans.B.Tonegotiatetheborrowingofachair.CTotalkaboutthebenefitsofpainting.12.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors. B.Husbandandwife. C.Colleagues.13WhatisBilldoing?A.Paintingthechair. B.Sittingonthechair. C.Decoratingthewalls.【答案】11.B12.A13.C【解析】【原文】M:Goodmorning,Mrs.Robinson.CanIuseyourlong-leggedchair,please?Myroofneedsrepairing.W:I’mafraidIcan’tlendittoyounow.Mr.Smith.I’llpassittoyouthisafternoonbecausemyhusband,Bill,isusingit.Heispainting.M:Painting?That’sveryinteresting!Hemustbeveryinterestedinit.W:Oh,no.Heisn’tinterestedinpaintingatall.M:Heisn’t?Ithoughthewasgoodatart.W:Oh,no.Heisnotpaintingartworks.Heispaintingthesittingroom.Oh,becareful.Thepaintmaymakeyourclothesdirty.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】14.WhatdoesTrevordo?A.Awaiter. B.Ahost. C.Areporter.15.WhatisTrevortalkingabout?A.Arestaurant. B.Aprogram. C.Acity.16.HowdoesKarenfeelaboutTrevor’swords?A.Confused. B.Amazed. C.Interested.【答案】14.C15.A16.B【解析】【原文】W:Thanksforlisteningtoourprogram.Ournexttopicisreallyinteresting.TwinsarequitepopularnowadayshereinLondon-therearebooksabouttwins,websitesabouttwins;twinsevenhavetheirownfestivalsandclubs.We’vesentTrevorWilliams,toAmericatofindoutfirst-handinformationaboutaveryspecialtwinsplace.Trevor,canyouhearme?M:Yes,Karen,loudandclear.W:Andwhereareyoutoday,Trevor?M:Asyoucansee,I’mhereintheheartofNewYorkCity,inanamazingplace—TwinsBistro.W:Well,thenTrevor,whatcanyoutellusaboutit?M:Well,Karen,Ispoketotheowners,twinsDebbicandLisaGanz.TheycomefromChicago.Theytoldmethatallthewaitersandwaitressesherearetwinsthatlookexactlyalike—37pairsinall—andtheyalwaysworkatthesametime,atthesametables.W:Don’tthecustomergetconfused?M:That’spartofthefun!Andbytheway,ifonetwinisill,theotheroneneedn’tbothertoshowupforwork.Theyareonlyallowedtoworkinpairs.W:That’sbeyondbelief!聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.Whatisthespeakertryingtodo?A.Introducenewstudentstothecampus.B.Provideinformationtovisitingresearchers.C.Promotethecollegetothelocalcommunity.18.Whichofthefollowingisthelargest?A.TheFrenchdepartment. B.TheRussiandepartment. C.TheEnglishdepartment.19.Howhasthecollegechangedovertime?A.Ithasunifiedseveraldepartments.B.Ithasgraduallyaddednewacademicdepartment.C.Ithasshifteditsfocusfromlanguagestudiestootherfields.20.Whyarethelistenersnotallowedtotourthereadingroomnow?A.Tolimitthenumberofvisitors.B.Toavoiddisturbingthereaders.C.Toensurethesafetyofthestudents.【答案】17.A18.C19.B20.B【解析】【原文】W:Welcometotheinternationallanguagecollege.It’sabeautifulplacethatiswellworthvisitinginthiscity.Asfreshmen,youmightfinditdifficulttofindyourwayinthecollege,sowewilltakeyouonaquicktour.Thecollegeusedtohavefourdepartments:English,French,GermanandRussian,butnowthereisaChinesedepartmentaswellandwearegoingtosetupaSpanishdepartmentsoon.Atthemomentwe’reoutsidetheEnglishdepartment.IntheEnglishdepartmentthereareover200students,30studentsineachclass.Wehave50teachers,including20professorsinthisdepartment.Theteachersareallfromdifferentplaces,mainlyfromtheU.S.A.andAustralia,withafewfromEnglandandCanada.Allofyourclasseswillbehereinthisbuilding.IntheFrenchdepartment,thereareover150studentsand40teachersmainlyfromFranceandCanada.IntheRussiandepartment,wehavemorethan120students,and28teachersfromRussia.Now,let’swalkovertothemainlibrarywhichisthelargestbuildinginthecollege.ButImustremindyouthatthistourdoesn’tincludeavisittothereadingrooms.Therearemanystudentsonweekdays.Theyneedquiet.I’mafraidwedon’tdovisitsonanyweekdayduringworkinghours.Ifyoudowanttoseetheserooms,theonlydaytherearetoursisonSundays,becausethelibraryisclosedformaintenanceonSaturday.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATheendof2024isonthehorizon.Amongthebestoftheyear’scrop,wepickedfiveinterestingandeducationalbooksthatyoushouldnotmissout.GameTheorybyBrianCleggThisconcisebookintroducesthefundamentalconceptsofgametheory,usingabranchofmathematicstoanalyzestrategicinteractions,suchasNashequilibriaandprisoner’sdilemmasinanaccessibleapproach.AisforArsenic:ThePoisonsofAgathaChristiebyKathrynHarkupThisbookcombineschemistrywithcrimefiction,exploringthepoisonsusedtocraftplotsinChristie’swork.AimedatfansofChristie’swork,thebookprovidesanengaginglookattheintersectionofliteratureandscience.TheMilkyWay:AnAutobiographyofOurGalaxybyMoiyaMcTierThebookpresentsauniqueperspectiveonthehistoryoftheMilkyWaygalaxy,narratedasifthegalaxyitselfwerespeaking.Themain“character”,MilkyWay,sharesitscosmicjourneyfromformationtothepresentday,integratingscientificfactswithstorytelling.ThePlanetinaPebble:AJourneyIntoEarth’sDeepHistorybyJanZalasiewiczThisbookdelvesintothegeologicalhistoryofEarthbyexaminingasinglepebblefoundonabeachinWales,revealingthevasttimescalesandprocessesthathaveshapedourplanetoverbillionsofyears.HowMathematicsShapesEverydayLifebyIanStewartThebookdemonstratesthepracticalapplicationsofmathematicsineverydayscenariosillustratinghowmathematicalconceptsfostertechnologiesandsolutionswetakeforgranted.AhighlightisStewart’sabilitytomakecomplexideasapproachableandentertaining.21.WhatdoGameTheoryandHowMathematicsShapesEverydayLifehaveincommon?A.Theytalkaboutmathematics. B.Theyadoptauniquewritingstyle.C.Theyareeasytounderstandforreaders. D.Theyinvolvepractical!strategiesandsolutions.22.Whoarethetargetreadersofthesecondbook?A.Chemistrymajors. B.Sci-ficritics.C.Geologicalhistoryresearchers. D.Detectivestorylovers.23.What’sTheMilkyWay:AnAutobiographyofOurGalaxymainlyabout?A.Theevolutionofthegalaxy. B.Theformationofthegalaxy.C.Mysteriousstoriesofthegalaxy. D.Scientificdiscoveryofthegalaxy.【答案】21.C22.D23.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了2024年底五本值得一讀的有趣且有教育意義的書籍。【21題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“GameTheorybyBrianClegg”部分的“Thisconcisebookintroducesthefundamentalconceptsofgametheory,usingabranchofmathematicstoanalyzestrategicinteractions,suchasNashequilibriaandprisoner’sdilemmasinanaccessibleapproach.(這本書簡潔明了地介紹了博弈論的基本概念，運用數(shù)學(xué)的一個分支來分析戰(zhàn)略互動，如納什均衡和囚徒困境，以通俗易懂的方式呈現(xiàn)。)”以及“HowMathematicsShapesEverydayLifebyIanStewart”部分的“AhighlightisStewart’sabilitytomakecomplexideasapproachableandentertaining.(斯圖爾特的杰出之處在于他能夠?qū)?fù)雜的思想以親切易懂且饒有趣味的方式呈現(xiàn)出來。)”可知，這兩本書在如何塑造日常生活上的共同點是對讀者來說很容易理解。故選C。【22題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“AisforArsenic:ThePoisonsofAgathaChristiebyKathrynHarkup”部分的“Thisbookcombineschemistrywithcrimefiction,exploringthepoisonsusedtocraftplotsinChristie’swork.AimedatfansofChristie’swork,thebookprovidesanengaginglookattheintersectionofliteratureandscience.(這本書將化學(xué)與犯罪小說相結(jié)合，探索了克里斯蒂作品中用于構(gòu)建情節(jié)的毒藥。該書面向克里斯蒂作品的粉絲，以引人入勝的方式展現(xiàn)了文學(xué)與科學(xué)的交匯點。)”可知，這本書將化學(xué)與犯罪小說相結(jié)合，可見這本書目標(biāo)讀者是偵探小說愛好者，特別是克里斯蒂的粉絲。故選D?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TheMilkyWay:AnAutobiographyofOurGalaxybyMoiyaMcTier”部分的“ThebookpresentsauniqueperspectiveonthehistoryoftheMilkyWaygalaxy,narratedasifthegalaxyitselfwerespeaking.Themain‘character’,MilkyWay,sharesitscosmicjourneyfromformationtothepresentday(這本書以獨特的視角講述了銀河系的歷史，仿佛銀河系自己在講述它的宇宙之旅。主要的“角色”銀河系分享了它從形成到現(xiàn)在的宇宙旅程)”可知，這本書主要講述的是銀河系的演化過程。故選A。BAChinesestudentstudyingintheUKsharedaheartwarmingstoryonlineabouthertutorwhoquitherjobtopursueauniquemission:knittingsweatersforpenguinsinAntarctica.Thetutor’semailreplytothestudentread,“Thankyouforyouremail.IhavelefttopursuemydreamofmakingsweatersforpenguinsinAntarcticaandnolongerworkfortheSchoolofEconomics.Iwillbeoutofofficeonapermanent,indefinite,open-endedbasisuntilmypenguinfriendsarehappy.“ThisactofkindnessispartofalargercharityinitiativethatbeganafteramajoroilspillnearPhillipIsland,Australia,inthelate1990s.Thespillseverelyaffectedthelocalpenguinpopulation,leadingtoadeclineintheirnumbersandhealthoverthefollowingbreedingseasons.Whenlittlepenguinsbecomeoiled,theywilltrytocleanthepoisonousoilfromtheirfeatherswiththeirbeaks(喙),andingestingitcankillthem.Italsodamagestheirdelicatefeathers,whichexposestheirskintoextremetemperaturesandtheyareleftcold,heavyandunabletoswimorhuntforfood.Inresponsetosuchincidents,thePenguinFoundationandPhillipIslandNatureParkslaunchedacampaignurgingknittingenthusiastsworldwidetoknitsweatersfortheaffectedpenguins.Thesesweatersserveadualpurpose:theyprovidetemporarywarmthandpreventthepenguinsfromreachingtheiroilyfeatherswiththeirbeaks.ThelastsignificantoilspillaroundPhillipIslandoccurredin2001,affecting438littlepenguins.Withthehelpofthesesweaters,96%ofthenweresuccessfullyrescuedandreleasedbackintothewild.Thepenguinjumperprogramhasbeenrunningforover20years,andduringthistime,morethan200,000sweatershavebeenknittedforpenguinsbygenerousknittersacrosstheglobe.Whilesomearguethatthesweaterscouldpotentiallyaddextrapressuretothepenguins’bodiesorcausethemtooverheat,thePenguinFoundationexplainsthatthesweatersareusedtemporarilytokeeppenguinswarmbeforetheirbodiesarewashedandfeathersrecover.Besides,penguinsneedsweatersmadeofallwool,onlythosesweatersthatmeetthestandardforwearcanbereceivedbythePenguinFoundation.24.Whydidthetutorquitherjob?A.Shewasmoreattractedtoknitting.B.ShedecidedtoprotectpenguinsinAntarctica.C.ShewasdissatisfiedwiththeSchoolofEconomics.D.ShewasofferedapositionatthePenguinFoundation.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ingesting”meanintheparagraph2?A.Takingin. B.Feedingon. C.Breathingin. D.Sweepingaway.26.Whatharmwilltheoilspillcausetothepenguins?A.Itwillmakethemoverheated. B.Itwillposeathreattotheirsurvival.C.Itwillmakethemmorevisibletothehunters. D.Itwillmakethemoverweightandunhealthy.27.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthearticle?A.AntarcticPenguins:ACallforSweaters.B.KnittingforConservation:AGlobalIssue.C.AntarcticOilSpills:ADisasteronPenguins.D.WarmthinEveryStitch:TutorQuitsforPenguins.【答案】24.B25.A26.B27.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章講述了一位在英國留學(xué)的中國學(xué)生分享了她的導(dǎo)師為了給南極的企鵝織毛衣而辭職的溫馨故事，以及這一行為背后的慈善倡議和其對企鵝的保護意義。【24題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“AChinesestudentstudyingintheUKsharedaheartwarmingstoryonlineabouthertutorwhoquitherjobtopursueauniquemission:knittingsweatersforpenguinsinAntarctica.(一位在英國留學(xué)的中國學(xué)生在網(wǎng)上分享了一個關(guān)于她的導(dǎo)師的溫馨故事，她的導(dǎo)師為了追求一個獨特的使命而辭職：為南極的企鵝織毛衣)”可知，導(dǎo)師辭職是為了去南極保護企鵝。故選B項。【25題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞前文“theywilltrytocleanthepoisonousoilfromtheirfeatherswiththeirbeaks.(它們會試圖用喙清理羽毛上的有毒油脂)”后文“ingestingitcankillthem.(ingesting有毒油脂會殺死他們)”可推知，小企鵝會用喙清理羽毛上的有毒油脂，這就會導(dǎo)致它們誤吞食這些油脂，進而殺死它們。故劃線詞意思是“攝取，吞食”，與A項“Takingin”意思相近。故選A項。【26題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thespillseverelyaffectedthelocalpenguinpopulation,leadingtoadeclineintheirnumbersandhealthoverthefollowingbreedingseasons.(這次泄漏嚴(yán)重影響了當(dāng)?shù)仄簌Z的數(shù)量，在接下來的繁殖季節(jié)，它們的數(shù)量和健康狀況都有所下降)”以及“Italsodamagestheirdelicatefeathers,whichexposestheirskintoextremetemperaturesandtheyareleftcold,heavyandunabletoswimorhuntforfood.(它還損害了它們精致的羽毛，使它們的皮膚暴露在極端溫度下，它們會感到寒冷、沉重，無法游泳或覓食)”可知，石油泄漏會威脅企鵝的生存。故選B項。【27題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中“AChinesestudentstudyingintheUKsharedaheartwarmingstoryonlineabouthertutorwhoquitherjobtopursueauniquemission:knittingsweatersforpenguinsinAntarctica.(一位在英國留學(xué)的中國學(xué)生在網(wǎng)上分享了一個關(guān)于她的導(dǎo)師的溫馨故事，她的導(dǎo)師為了追求一個獨特的使命而辭職：為南極的企鵝織毛衣)”可知，文章主要講述了一位在英國留學(xué)的中國學(xué)生分享了她的導(dǎo)師為了給南極的企鵝織毛衣而辭職的溫馨故事，以及這一行為背后的慈善倡議和其對企鵝的保護意義。故D選項“WarmthinEveryStitch:TutorQuitsforPenguins.(每一針都充滿溫暖：導(dǎo)師為企鵝辭職)”能概括文章內(nèi)容，最適合作文章標(biāo)題。故選D項。CManyconceptsthatarecentraltothehumanexperienceareabstract,suchasrelationships,ideas,andtime—thingswecan’tdirectlyseeortouch.Wecommonlyuseconcretelanguagetotalkandthinkaboutthesethings,oftenthroughmetaphors.Usingmetaphorsisfarmorethanapoeticdeviceoffactualstatements.AstudyconductedatPurchaseCollegefoundthatmetaphorscanframepeople’sperspectives,thusshapingtheirreasoningandsubsequentactions.Forexample,describingtheefforttostopclimatechangeasa“war”ratherthana“race”causedpeopletofeelmoreurgencyaboutreducingemissions.Anotherexampleisthelightbulbmetaphorcommonlyusedtodescribenewideas,suggestingthatnewthoughtsappearsuddenlylikealightswitchbeingturnedon.However,thismetaphorimpliesthatnewideascomeeffortlesslyandareaccessibleonlytoaselectfewgeniuses,suchasIsaacNewton,whosupposedlydevelopedhistheoryofgravityfromasuddeninsightaboutafallingapple.Itmayleadpeopletoquestiontheircapabilitytogeneratenewideas,andasabehavioralconsequence,peoplemayunderestimatetheroleofhardworkandcontinuouslearninginbringingaboutchange.Analternativewaytodescribeideasisbycomparingnewthoughtstoseedsthatfallonfertilegroundandifcaredfor,willgrowanddevelopovertime.Differentfromthelightbulbmetaphor,theseedmetaphorimpliesanunderstandingthatgeneratingnewideasisalaboriousprocess,whichrequirestimeandeffort.Italsosuggeststhatanybodycanbethecultivatorofideasaslongastheyputtheirmindtoit.Thesubtleeffectsofmetaphorsshowhowpowerfullanguagecanbe,eventhoughweoftendon’trealizeit.Who’dhavethoughtasimpleuseofalightbulbmetaphorcouldprofoundlyaffecthowweunderstandtheconceptofinnovation?Giventhenatureofourmetaphoricalminds,itisworthasking:areourmetaphorssuitable?Weoweittoourselvesandotherstousemetaphorsappropriately.Thesechoices,consciousornot,canbeconstructiveordestructive.28.Whatdoesthestudyfindaboutmetaphors?A.Theyhelpclarifyabstractconcepts. B.Theymaycausesomemisunderstanding.C.Theymakelanguagemorepoeticandvivid. D.Theycaninfluencepeople’smindsandbehavior.29.Whyistheexampleof“l(fā)ightbulbmetaphor”quotedinparagraph3?A.Toraisesomedoubtaboutmetaphors. B.Tohighlightimproperuseofmetaphors.C.Toillustratepoeticfunctionsofmetaphors. D.Todemonstratetheinfluenceofmetaphors.30.Howdoesthe“seedmetaphor”differfromthe“l(fā)ightbulbmetaphor”?A.Itsuggestsconsistenteffortsofindividuals. B.Itattachesgreatsignificancetonaturaltalent.C.Itarousespeople’sawarenessoftheircreativity. D.Itsimplifiestheprocessofgeneratingnewideas.31.Whatisauthor’sattitudetowardstheuseofmetaphors?A.Doubtful. B.Positive. C.Cautious. D.Ambiguous.【答案】28.D29.D30.A31.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文屬于說明文。主要通過舉例和分析來探討隱喻在語言和思維中的作用，以及不同隱喻如何影響人們的理解和行為?！?8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“AstudyconductedatPurchaseCollegefoundthatmetaphorscanframepeople’sperspectives,thusshapingtheirreasoningandsubsequentactions.(Purchase學(xué)院進行的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，隱喻可以塑造人們的視角，進而影響他們的推理和后續(xù)行為。)”可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)隱喻能夠影響人們的思維和行為。故選D?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Anotherexampleisthelightbulbmetaphorcommonlyusedtodescribenewideas,suggestingthatnewthoughtsappearsuddenlylikealightswitchbeingturnedon.However,thismetaphorimpliesthatnewideascomeeffortlesslyandareaccessibleonlytoaselectfewgeniuses…Itmayleadpeopletoquestiontheircapabilitytogeneratenewideas,andasabehavioralconsequence,peoplemayunderestimatetheroleofhardworkandcontinuouslearninginbringingaboutchange.(另一個例子是常用于描述新想法的燈泡隱喻，暗示新想法像打開電燈開關(guān)一樣突然出現(xiàn)。然而，這個隱喻暗示新想法來得不費吹灰之力，只有少數(shù)天才才能擁有……這可能會導(dǎo)致人們質(zhì)疑自己產(chǎn)生新想法的能力，并因此低估努力工作和持續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)在帶來變化中的作用。)”可知，引用燈泡隱喻這個例子是為了說明隱喻如何影響人們對新想法產(chǎn)生過程的理解，即證明隱喻的影響力。故選D?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Differentfromthelightbulbmetaphor,theseedmetaphorimpliesanunderstandingthatgeneratingnewideasisalaboriousprocess,whichrequirestimeandeffort.Italsosuggeststhatanybodycanbethecultivatorofideasaslongastheyputtheirmindtoit.(與燈泡隱喻不同，種子隱喻暗示了一種理解，即產(chǎn)生新想法是一個需要時間和努力的艱苦過程。它還表明，只要用心，任何人都可以成為思想的培育者。)”可知，種子隱喻與燈泡隱喻不同之處在于它暗示個人需要持續(xù)的努力。故選A。【31題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Thesubtleeffectsofmetaphorsshowhowpowerfullanguagecanbe,eventhoughweoftendon’trealizeit.Who’dhavethoughtasimpleuseofalightbulbmetaphorcouldprofoundlyaffecthowweunderstandtheconceptofinnovation?Giventhenatureofourmetaphoricalminds,itisworthasking:areourmetaphorssuitable?Weoweittoourselvesandotherstousemetaphorsappropriately.Thesechoices,consciousornot,canbeconstructiveordestructive.(隱喻的微妙影響顯示了語言的強大力量，盡管我們常常沒有意識到這一點。誰會想到一個簡單的燈泡隱喻會深刻地影響我們對創(chuàng)新概念的理解？鑒于我們思維的隱喻性，值得一問的是：我們的隱喻是否合適？我們有責(zé)任對自己和他人適當(dāng)?shù)厥褂秒[喻。這些選擇，無論是有意識還是無意識的，都可能是建設(shè)性的或破壞性的。)”可知，作者對隱喻的使用持謹(jǐn)慎態(tài)度，認為應(yīng)該恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂秒[喻，因為無論是有意識還是無意識的，英語都可能是建設(shè)性的或破壞性的。故選C。DUntilnowithasbeenimpossibletopeerintothehumanmind,butnewbiometric(生物計量的)andmachinelearningtoolsarechangingthis.Assumingpeopleapproveofthesetechnologiesmonitoringthem,researcherscancollectreal-timefacialanalysisandeye-movementdatausingwebcams,andthereforerecognizesubconsciousfacial-expressionswhenpeopleareengagedwithdifferenturbanscenes.OurresearchgroupatTuftsUniversityhasconductedanumberoffacialanalysisandeye-trackingstudies,usingiMotionsOnlineAFFDEXfacialcodingsoftwaretotrack51participants’real-timevisualattentionandfacialexpressionsinresponsetoimagesandvideosofMemorialDriveinCambridge.Wecapturedsimilarimagesofthesamestretchofroadwithandwithoutcarsandcomparedourparticipants’emotionalreactionstobothtypesofimages.Thesystemrecordsaperson’seyemovementsandfacialexpressionswithacamera.Thenthesoftwareusesanalgorithm(算法)toscorewhetheraparticipantdisplayedpositive,negativeorneutralemotionsduringeachmillisecondofthestudybasedonsubtlemovementsintheirfacialmuscles.Initsresults,althoughourparticipantsexpressedneutralemotionsinresponsetotheimages85percentofthetime,participantsspentonaverage0.4percentmoretimeexpressingpositiveemotionsinresponsetovehiclelessimagesandvideos.Whileseeminglyasmalldifference,anymeasurableeffectfromastillimagecansignalsomethingworthconsidering.Andafterseveralfollow-upresearches,wedidfindthatcarsabsorbedpeoplenaturally,whereaspeople’semotionalresponsesaremorenegativewhilelookingatthem.Scientistsandurbanplannersgloballyarebeginningtopolishbiometrictoolstounderstandthesekindsofbehavioralresponsestourbanandarchitecturalelements.Naturalelementsliketreesarelessforeigntoourbrainthancar-relatedinfrastructureliketrafficlights,andaccordbetterwithourin-bornpreferences.Furthermore,naturaldesignelementsmakeiteasierforhumanstorelaxandenjoytheirsurroundingsastheyreflectthenaturalsurroundingsofourenvironment.Car-freespacesareimportantincommunitybuilding.Somestudieshavetakenthesebiometrictoolsoutofthelab,butmoreworkisstillneededtotestthesehumanbehavioralresponsesinreal-worldconditions.32.Howdidtheresearchersreachtheconclusion?A.Bymakinganassumption. B.Byusingwebcams.C.Byanalyzingcollecteddata. D.Byusingacodingsoftware.33.AccordingtotheresearchconductedbyTultsUniversity,________.A.astillimageisworthmoreconsiderationB.imageswithoutvehiclescouldthrillparticipantsC.mostparticipantswereneutralabouttheresearchD.imageswithvehiclesmightwellcaptureparticipants34.Whatcanbeinferredfromthispassage?A.Biometrictoolscanimprovepeople’semotionalstates.B.Theresearchfindingsmighthelpguideurbanplanning.C.Happinessandthenumberofcarsarepositivelyrelated.D.Humanconsciousnesscanbetransformedbybiometrictools.35.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Biometrictoolshelpdecodehumanperception.B.Biometricssuggestscar-freecitiesinthefuture.C.Biometrictoolsmakeforabetterenvironment.D.Biometricspromotesurbanplanningandbuilding.【答案】32.C33.D34.B35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了新的生物計量和機器學(xué)習(xí)工具可以收集數(shù)據(jù)，幫助研究人員了解人們對城市場景的潛意識反應(yīng)，即解碼人類感知。【32題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Assumingpeopleapproveofthesetechnologiesmonitoringthem,researcherscancollectreal-timefacialanalysisandeye-movementdatausingwebcams,andthereforerecognizesubconsciousfacial-expressionswhenpeopleareengagedwithdifferenturbanscenes.(假設(shè)人們同意這些監(jiān)控他們的技術(shù)，研究人員可以使用網(wǎng)絡(luò)攝像頭收集實時面部分析和眼球運動數(shù)據(jù)，從而識別人們在不同城市場景中的潛意識面部表情。)”以及第二段中“Wecapturedsimilarimagesofthesamestretchofroadwithandwithoutcarsandcomparedourparticipants’emotionalreactionstobothtypesofimages.Thesystemrecordsaperson’seyemovementsandfacialexpressionswithacamera.Thenthesoftwareusesanalgorithm(算法)toscorewhetheraparticipantdisplayedpositive,negativeorneutralemotionsduringeachmillisecondofthestudybasedonsubtlemovementsintheirfacialmuscles.(我們拍攝了同一段道路上有和沒有汽車的相似圖像，并比較了參與者對這兩種圖像的情緒反應(yīng)。該系統(tǒng)通過攝像頭記錄一個人的眼球運動和面部表情。然后，該軟件使用一種算法對某部分是否符合要求進行評分)”可知，研究人員是通過分析收集的數(shù)據(jù)來得出結(jié)論。故選C項。【33題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Initsresults,althoughourparticipantsexpressedneutralemotionsinresponsetotheimages85percentofthetime,participantsspentonaverage0.4percentmoretimeexpressingpositiveemotionsinresponsetovehicle-lessimagesandvideos.Whileseeminglyasmalldifference,anymeasurableeffectfromastillimagecansignalsomethingworthconsidering.Andafterseveralfollow-upresearches,wedidfindthatcarsabsorbedpeoplenaturally,whereaspeople’semotionalresponsesaremorenegativewhilelookingatthem.(結(jié)果顯示，盡管我們的參與者在85%的時間里對圖像表達了中立的情緒，但參與者在對沒有車輛的圖像和視頻表現(xiàn)出積極情緒的時間平均增加了0.4%。雖然看起來差別很小，但靜態(tài)圖像中任何可測量的效果都可以表明值得考慮的東西。在幾次后續(xù)研究之后，我們確實發(fā)現(xiàn)汽車很自然地吸引了人們，而人們在看汽車時的情緒反應(yīng)更消極。)”可推知，根據(jù)圖爾斯大學(xué)的研究，帶有車輛的圖像可能很好地吸引到參與者，然而人們在看汽車時的情緒反應(yīng)更消極。故選