形容詞、副詞用法課件

1、形容詞和副詞 比較級(jí)和最高級(jí),河南省商城縣觀廟一中 穆正東,一形容詞,1.掌握下列名詞和形容詞的轉(zhuǎn)化 sun - sunny friend friendly care - careful wind - windy rain - rainy use - useful cloud- cloudy,2.表語(yǔ)形容詞： afraid 害怕的 alive 活著的 alone 單獨(dú)的 ashamed 羞愧的 asleep 睡著的 awake 醒著的 fine 健康的 ill有病的,3.以ly結(jié)尾的形容詞： 1）大部分形容詞加-ly可構(gòu)成副詞。但 friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，l

2、ikely，lively， ugly，brotherly，仍為形容詞。 2）有些以-ly 結(jié)尾既為形容詞，也為副詞。 daily，weekly，monthly，early， early The Times is a daily paper. The Times is published daily.,4、形容詞的用法,副詞的分類 時(shí)間副詞 now,before, lately, tonight 地點(diǎn)副詞 here, there, somewhere 頻率副詞 always, often, usually, seldom 程度副詞 very, rather, quite, enough 方式副詞

3、 quickly, carefully, calmly 方向副詞 forward, backward 疑問(wèn)副詞 when, where, how, why 連接副詞 when, where, why ,how,副詞的構(gòu)成 有許多副詞是對(duì)應(yīng)的形容詞加ly構(gòu)成,如: strong - strongly real - really 詞尾是y的要把y變?yōu)閕再加 ly, busy - busily happy - happily 以e結(jié)尾的,大部分直接加-ly, wide widely late - - lately 有幾個(gè)特殊的要去e后再加-ly或y, true - truly terrible-te

4、rribly,副詞的用法 1.主要用作狀語(yǔ),修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞，還可以修飾介詞短語(yǔ)和句子。 I have already prepared my lesson.(修飾動(dòng)詞) He has been extremely busy these days.(修飾形容詞) 2.也可以用作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ),作定語(yǔ)時(shí)通常后置. The girl there is my sister.(作定語(yǔ)) Is your brother in ?(作表語(yǔ)) 3.有些副詞(rather、quite等)通?？梢苑涝诿~前用于加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣.,規(guī)則變化,1.單音節(jié)和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)單詞，一般在詞尾加“er”或“est”。 clean,

5、tall, small, cheap , short, long, light, high 2. 以不發(fā)音字母“e”結(jié)尾的單詞，直接在詞尾加 “r”或“st”。 nice, late, close, fine, large, free, rude,以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的單詞，如果詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí)，應(yīng)先雙寫這一輔音字母，再加“er”或“est”。 fat, big, red, thin, hot, fat, sad, wet 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的單詞，應(yīng)先改“y”為“i”，在加“er”或“est”。 happy , easy, heavy, healthy, busy, lucky, pret

6、ty, sunny, funny,5. 其他雙音節(jié)單詞和多音節(jié)單詞，都在其前面加“more”或“most”。(beautiful, interesting) 6. 不規(guī)則變化。 記憶口訣： 合二為一共三對(duì)，“壞bad”,“病ill”,兩多many/much”和“兩好good/well”， 一分為二只兩個(gè)，一是“遠(yuǎn)far”來(lái)二是“老old”， 還有一詞little含雙義，只記“少”來(lái)不記“小”。,Read and compare :,young long full short small old fine easy hungry early heavy big red,younger young

7、est,longer longest,fuller fullest,shorter shortest,smaller smallest,older oldest,finer finest,easier easiest,hungrier hungriest,earlier earliest,heavier heaviest,bigger biggest,redder reddest,healthy many famous ill exciting carefully wet hot little few,healthier healthiest,more most,more famous mos

8、t famous,worse worst,more exciting most exciting,more carefully most carefully,wetter wettest,hotter hottest,less least,fewer fewest,不規(guī)則變化,形容詞副詞原級(jí)用法: * 1. as+adj/ adv.的原級(jí)+ as (肯,否) , (not)soas (否) eg. The ruler is as long as that one. He sings as well as Jack. He doesnt sing as(so) well as Jack. 2.

9、as much as, as many as 與一樣多 eg. I have done as much work as he did yesterday. You can take as many books as you can.,形容詞副詞比較級(jí)的用法,1、比較級(jí)+than,She is fatter than he.,He is thinner than she.,2、比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí) 越來(lái)越,In spring, the days are getting longer and longer. His voice got weaker and weaker in the end.

10、These days more and more people are learning English. I find the price of house is more and more expensive. It becomes colder and colder when winter comes.,3、表示兩者之間的選擇，可使用“Which/Who + 比較級(jí)，or?”,Which is longer, this one or that? Who is taller, Mary or Jane?,形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)其它用法 1表示倍數(shù)的三個(gè)句型： (1).times as形容詞原

11、級(jí)as. This table is 3 times as big as that one. (2).times the性質(zhì)名詞of. This table is 3 times the size of that one. (3).times形容詞比較級(jí)than. This table is 2 times bigger than that one. 2同程度級(jí)的比較，用as.as，the same as，such.as引導(dǎo)： Henry does not have so/as many books as I have. 亨利不如我的書多。,3the比較級(jí)，the比較級(jí) The more yo

12、u talked，the less attention he paid to you. 你說(shuō)得越多，他越不注意你。 4the比較級(jí)of the two名詞：The taller of the two boys is my brother. 這兩個(gè)男孩中較高的是我弟弟。 5一個(gè)人的兩種品質(zhì)的比較，用more.than結(jié)構(gòu)： I think shes more shy than unfriendly. 與其說(shuō)她不友好，不如說(shuō)她害羞。 6否定比較級(jí)最高級(jí) There is no greater love than that of a man who lays down his life for hi

13、s friends. 為朋友而放棄生命的人的愛(ài)是最偉大的愛(ài)。,7比較的對(duì)象不能相互包容，注意： 比較級(jí)+than+,The Mississippi River is longer than any other river in the United States. 密西西比河是美國(guó)最長(zhǎng)的河。 8比較級(jí)的修飾語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)的有： much，still，even，far，any(用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句)，a lot， a little，a great deal，by far，a bit，three times等。 The students study even harder than before. 學(xué)生們比

14、以前學(xué)習(xí)更努力了。,any other+單數(shù) the other+復(fù)數(shù)/the others,8比較的對(duì)象應(yīng)該相同。 The population of China is larger than that of any other country in the world. 中國(guó)的人口比世界上任何其他國(guó)家的都多。 China has a larger population than any other country in the world. 9.no比較級(jí)than的特殊含義 A is no more careful than BA和B兩人都不仔細(xì)。 A is no less careful

15、 than BA和B兩人都很仔細(xì)。,形容詞副詞最高級(jí)的用法,1、the 最高級(jí)+of (in),Hong Jinbao,Zheng Zeshi,Nutty,Zheng is fatter than Hong.,Nutty is the fattest of the three.,Noodles are more delicious than dumplings.,The cake is the most delicious of all.,2、副詞的最高級(jí)前（the) 可以省略,Tom runs fast. Jill runs faster. Bob runs fastest.,Tom com

16、es to school late. Jill comes to school later. Bob comes to school latest.,Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers last century. The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.,3、表示“最之一”和“第個(gè)最”時(shí) one of +最高級(jí)+名詞復(fù)數(shù) the first/second/third+最高級(jí)+名詞單數(shù)。,4、用or連接兩項(xiàng)需作比較的內(nèi)容時(shí)，須用比較級(jí)；若or連接三項(xiàng)或三項(xiàng)以上的內(nèi)容時(shí)，則須用最高級(jí)。 Wh

17、o is taller, Mary or Jane? Which is biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth?,5、 Alices diet was less healthy than Dannys diet. (不如) (more than 勝于) This T-shirt is the same size as that one. The red shirt is five yuan cheaper than that blue one. Which is the least interesting film youve ever seen? Th

18、is park is three times as big as the Summer Palace. (倍數(shù)+asas) This book cost twice as much as that one.,6、掌握幾種同義句轉(zhuǎn)換 He is taller than any other student in his class. = He is taller than the other students in his class. = He is the tallest (student)in his class.,小結(jié),3.掌握形容詞、副詞表示比較的幾種結(jié)構(gòu)。 表示兩者“相等”用，as+形

19、容詞/副詞原級(jí)+比較對(duì)象；表示“不如”沒(méi)有“不相等”，用“not+as/so+形容詞、副詞原級(jí)+as+比較對(duì)象”； 用形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)+than從句表示兩者比較； 比較級(jí)前可用much,a little,a lot, far， still,no,even,any 等表示程度； and連接同一個(gè)比較級(jí)，表示越來(lái)越； the+比較級(jí).the+另一個(gè)比較級(jí)表示越越； 形容詞、副詞前如有：very,too,quite,rather等修飾，一般用原級(jí)； 三者、三者以上的比較，一般用最高級(jí)；常用介詞in，of短語(yǔ)表示比較的范圍； 表示“最之一”，用one of +最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞； 最高級(jí)前一般要加“

20、the”；副詞最高級(jí)前可加“the”也可不加“the”；當(dāng)最高級(jí)前有物主代詞時(shí)，則不加“the”。,I think English is as as maths. D. importanter important B.more important C. most important Mother gets up in my family. early B. earlier C. earliest D. the earlier 3. The next morning Jenny got up even . early B. earlier C. earliest D. the earliest

21、4. Emily sings of the five girls. good B. well C. better D. best 5. In fact, Delia is a little than her elder sister. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest 6. Heidi does not jump so as Jane. A. high B. higher C. highest D. the highest,7. Of all the stars the sun is to us. close B. closer C. close

22、st D. the closest 8. Barbara felt much than before after dark. cold B. colder C. coldest D. the coldest 9. This jacket is smaller than that one but its . expensive B. more expensive C. most expensive D. the most expensive 10. Our country has become in the past 20 years. more and more rich and strong

23、 more richer and more stronger C. more rich and more strong D. richer and stronger,11. William Shakespeare is one of play writers in England. great B. greater C. greatest D. the greatest 12. -What do you think of Miss Lis teaching? -Oh, no one else teaches . good B. well C. fine D. better 13. The po

24、pulation of Japan is than that of China. A. fewer B. smaller C. larger D. more 14. The next day Jim was very wet again, and his mother became angrier. very B. more C. even D. ever 15. Tom is more careful than any in his class. A. boy B. other boys C. boys D. other boy,16. play writers in England. gr

25、eat B. greater C. greatest D. the greatest 12. -What do you think of Miss Lis teaching? -Oh, no one else teaches . good B. well C. fine D. better 13. The population of Japan is than that of China. A. fewer B. smaller C. larger D. more 14. The next day Jim was very wet again, and his mother became an

26、grier. very B. more C. even D. ever 15. Tom is more careful than any in his class. A. boy B. other boys C. boys D. other boy,Do some exercises,同義句轉(zhuǎn)換,He is the tallest student in his class. He is _ _ _ _ student in his class. He is _ _ _ _ students in his class. Peter draws well, Lilei draws better.

27、Lilei draws _ of the two. The tractor goes faster than the bike. The bike goes _ _ than the tractor. His cakes dearer than the twins cakes. His cake is _ _ of the three.,taller than any other,taller than the other,better,more slowly,the dearest,選擇填空 1. Which does Jimmy like ,Chinese or Art? A. well

28、B. best C. better D. much 2. The Chang jiang River is one of in the world. A. the longest river B. longest rivers C. the longest rivers D. longer rivers 3. of the two women is Mrs Brown. A. The beautiful B. The more beautiful C.More beautiful D. The most beautiful 4. My mooncake is nicer his. A. lik

29、e B. with C. for D. than 5. You are fatter than . A. he B. his C. him D. he is tall 6. He jumps of the three. A. far B. further C. farthest D. furthest 7. My hair is longer than . A. my sister B. Kate C. my brothers D. Lucys,C,C,B,D,A,C,C,8. There is paper here .Please bring some. A. little B. less C. fewer D. a little 9. The pen is than that one. A. more cheap B. cheap C. much cheaper D. quite cheaper 10.Tom speaks Chinese better than Jimmy. A. more B. very C. a lot of D. much 11.There are girls in C