Grammar.ppt動(dòng)詞Ving形式作狀語

1、Module 2,Grammar 1,Fantasy Literature,動(dòng)詞-ing 形式作狀語,1.What is adverbial(狀語)? 狀語是用來修飾句中謂語動(dòng)詞或整個(gè)句子的成分，表示動(dòng)作行為或狀態(tài)發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因方式等，因此就有相應(yīng)的時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語、原因狀語等。狀語可由副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句充當(dāng)。 He often reads the newspaper at night if he has nothing else to do. 2. Can V-ing form be used as adverbial?,Decide what kinds of adverb

2、ial each v-ing acts as., but as he stood trying to clear his head, he saw a cat. 2. The king takes the woman to his palace and marries her, not knowing that she is a wicked witch. 3. Hearing the exciting news, the boy jumped with joy. 4. Working hard at your lessons, you are to succeed. 5. Earning l

3、ess money now, he lives more happily. 6. Travelling by jeep, he visited a number of cities. 7. His parents died in an accident, leaving him an orphan.,伴隨,原因,時(shí)間,條件,讓步,方式,結(jié)果,Walking along the street, he met his old friend. 2. Being ill, he didnt go to school. 3. Working hard, you will succeed.,時(shí)間狀語從句,

4、條件狀語從句,原因狀語從句,Change the following sentences into complex sentences.,When/While he was walking along the street, he met his old friend.,Because he was ill, he didnt go to school.,If you work hard, you will succeed.,4. Living alone, the old man was happy. Though the old man lives alone, he was happy.

5、 5. The boy fell off his bike, breaking his right arm. The boy fell off his bike, and broke his right arm. 6. He sat at the table, reading a magazine. He sat at the table, and read a magazine at the same time.,讓步狀語從句,等同于并列謂語表結(jié)果,等同于并列謂語表方式/伴隨,結(jié)論：現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語時(shí)，相當(dāng)于相應(yīng)的狀語從句或并列謂語結(jié)構(gòu)。,Putting down his shopping

6、 bag , Will held out his hand, and the cat came up to him. Still watching , Will saw the cat behave strangely. When it had gone past he crossed the road , keeping his eyes on the place where the cat had vanished. Bending to look through, he saw the road in his own town, his own world. Feeling that h

7、e was dreaming but awake at the same time, he stood up and looked around for the cat.,1. comma,2. refer to the same person. 主語一致,What do these sentences have in common?,3. V-ing 表示的動(dòng)作與主語之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。,4. two things happening at the same time or one thing happening immediately after another,緊接著發(fā)生,同時(shí)發(fā)生,同時(shí)發(fā)生

8、,緊接著發(fā)生,SB P18 Act.3/4,同時(shí)發(fā)生,改錯(cuò) 1.Turning around, a car knocked him down. Turning around, he was knocked down by a car. When he turned around, a car knocked him down/ he was knocked down by a car. He turning around, a car knocked him down. 2. Getting off the train, the police arrested him. Getting off

9、 the train, he was arrested by the police. As soon as he got off the train, the police arrested him/he was arrested by the police. He getting off the train, the police arrested him. 3.While running, his leg got injured. While running, he had his leg injured. While he was running, his leg got injured

10、 / he had his leg injured.,改錯(cuò) 4.On getting through the hole, a different world appeared in front of his eyes. Upon getting through the hole, he saw a different world in front of his eyes. When he got through the hole, a different world appeared in front of his eyes/ he saw a different world in front

11、 of his eyes. Upon his getting through hole, a different world appeared in front of his eyes.,注意：現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時(shí),一般都可變成一個(gè)狀語從句。注意以下兩種特殊情況。 1. 現(xiàn)在分詞做時(shí)間狀語時(shí)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句，其前面可加when, while 等詞(后跟延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞)；也可改寫為“ on /upon + doing”形式(此時(shí)分詞為瞬間動(dòng)詞)。 1.Standing by the road, Will saw a cat. =While/When standing by the road, Wi

12、ll saw a cat. 2.Hearing todays assignment, the students let out a cry of relief. =On/Upon hearing todays assignment, the students let out a cry of relief.,Grammar 2,Conclusion:1. V-ing 的否定式為 not + v-ing 2. V-ing 前可以有介詞或連詞。,Finish activity 1 on p20, then answer the question.,On seeing her, the king i

13、mmediately falls in love with her. He marries her, not knowing who she really is. Before leaving his kingdom, he calls his son to him. After thinking about the situation, he decides to kill the witch himself. While sitting by a pool, Ferdinand sees a frog.,What can you conclude from theses sentences

14、?,P20-21 Act. 2/3,2. 現(xiàn)在分詞做結(jié)果狀語時(shí)， 可在其前加上thus 等表示結(jié)果的副詞。 The book sold more than 500,000 copies a year, and that made it one of the best sellers at that time. The book sold more than 500,000 copies a year, thus making it one of the best sellers at that time.,The hot-air balloon exploded and caused 19 d

15、eaths. In the London Olympic Games, China won 39 gold medals, next to the US, and thus ranked second. The Rocket performed much better in yesterdays match and thus won its first victory in this season.,The hot-air balloon exploded, causing 19 deaths. In the London Olympic Games, China won 39 gold me

16、dals, next to the US, thus ranking second. The Rocket performed much better in yesterdays match, thus winning its first victory in this season.,Advanced producing technology was introduced from abroad, which resulted in a decrease in pollution. Advance producing technology was introduced from abroad

17、, thus resulting in a decrease in pollution.,Find out the time order between the v-ing form and the verb.,Standing on top of the hill, you can see as far as the seaside. The fish can eat a person in two minutes, leaving only bones. Having finished all his homework, the boy went out to play football.

18、,分詞動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,分詞動(dòng)作在謂語動(dòng)作之后發(fā)生,分詞的完成式(having done)表示其動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)詞之前?？梢赞D(zhuǎn)換成：,After he finished/After finishing all his homework, the boy went out to play football.,Exercise Fill in the blanks using the words in the box in their ing forms,reach look see turn hold,The cat leapt back, _ its tail out stiffly

19、. _ out a paw, the cat patted the air in front of her. _ away, the cat went across the road. _ Will, the cat approached him. The cat stopped, _ at something invisible to Will.,Reaching/Holding,holding,Turning,Seeing,looking,Exercises: choose the best answer from A, B, C and D, and then rewrite the s

20、entences.,Finding her car stolen, _. A. a policeman was asked to help B. the area was searched thoroughly C. it was looked for everywhere D. she hurried to a policeman for help,D When she found her car stolen, she hurried to a policeman for help.,2. _ such heavy pollution already, the river may now

21、be too late to clean up . A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered,A After/As it has suffered such heavy pollution already, the river may now be too late to clean up .,3. _ a reply, he decided to write again. Not receiving Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received,C

22、 He hadnt received a reply, so he decided to write again.,4. The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, _ that he had enjoyed his stay here. A. having added B. to add C. adding D. added,C The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks and added that he had enjo

23、yed his stay here.,5. “Cant you read?” Mary said, _ to the notice. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily pointed D. and angrily pointing,A Mary angrily pointed to the notice and said, “Cant you read?” .,6. European football is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world. A. making B. makes C. Made D. to make,A European football is played in 80 countr