圖表圖畫類作文寫作.ppt

1、大學英語圖表/圖畫類作文寫作,主要內(nèi)容,圖表類作文 圖畫類作文,圖表類作文,1. 圖表作文的基本形式 2. 范文分析 3.詞匯練習 4. 2012年12月四級作文 5.課后練習,圖表在顯示統(tǒng)計數(shù)字、數(shù)據(jù)時具有簡捷而清晰的特點, 越來越被講求高效率的社會所接受, 并在自然科學、社會科學及日常生活中廣泛采用。在這一背景下, 我國大學英語各級考試中的寫作部分, 也先后出現(xiàn)了要求考生根據(jù)圖表所提供的信息進行寫作的題型。,1.圖表作文的基本形式圖表可分為圖和表兩大類表即表格( table) 圖又可細分為: 餅狀圖( pie chart) 線狀圖( line graph) 條狀圖( bar graph),

2、表格( tables) Top 10 countries sending most visitors to China in 1997 and 1996,餅狀圖 ( pie chart) Major Causes of Road Accidents in China,線狀圖 ( line graph) Oil Production At Zuma Field,條狀圖( bar graph)Chinas trade with the U. S,2. 范文分析,圖表類作文考查學生從非文字材料中獲取信息、分析問題并解決問題的綜合能力。但是對大多數(shù)考生來說，寫好圖表類作文并非易事。本部分選用了一些真實

3、圖表作為講評和訓練的教材。圖表( 一) 和圖表( 四) 就均選自China Daily 。根據(jù)前面圖表( 一)編寫范文，以幫助同學們從宏觀角度了解三個自然段在內(nèi)容上是如何分工的。,范文,首先找出圖表類作文在布局上的規(guī)律, 即三個自然段內(nèi)容的要點分別為: 1) 用文字描述該圖表中的數(shù)字信息 2) 分析圖表中的數(shù)據(jù)變化反映了什么問題 3) 對數(shù)據(jù)的變化進行評論或得出應有的結論,Top 10 countries sending most visitors to China in 1997 and 1996,According to the figures given in the table, th

4、ere was an obvious growth in the number of foreigners entering China between 1996 and 1997. Take one of Chinas neighboring countries for example: Japanese, who topped the list twice, went up steadily from 1. 548 million in 1996 to 1. 582 million in 1997. People from geographically remote countries l

5、ike America also increased within these two years. Compared with 1996, the number of Americans rose dramatically by 40, 000 by the end of 1997. Foreigners have a variety of purposes for coming to China. Since the reform and opening-up drive in the late 1970s, China has grown into a land of opportuni

6、ties. To meet Chinas booming trade, many businesspeople from abroad waste no time in doing business with Chinese partners. Another major reason is due to Chinas many tourist attractions. Amazed by Chinese ancient civilization, some travelers even never hesitate to repeat their sweet memories back in

7、 China.,In order to make China more appealing to foreigners, we still have tremendous tasks to accomplish. To further expand Sino-foreign economic cooperation, China should continue to improve its investment climate by speeding up the construction of infrastructure such as highways and telecommunica

8、tions. A good investment climate also includes flexible government policies, more comprehensive services to foreign investors, and quicker response to their difficulties. Next, major cities in China should improve bank card systems so that overseas visitors will find it much easier to shop or draw c

9、ash with their credit cards.,3.詞匯練習,起始段落 首先, 我們要注意以上范文是如何起筆的, 并從中找出寫第一自然段中第一句話的慣用套語, 如： According to the figures given in the table, + 主題句 The table ( pie chart , line graph, bar graph) shows (or indicates or makes it clear) that + 主題句 It can be seen from ( or It is clear from, It is evident from )

10、the table ( pie chart, bar graph) that + 主題句,圖表類作文練習,下面一個練習能夠幫助擴大用英語表達數(shù)據(jù)的詞匯量 步驟一, 請根據(jù)以下自然段中所提供的文字信息, 在相應的 網(wǎng)格上畫出線狀圖來。 步驟二, 請重新閱讀這一自然段, 并在表示開始、上升、 下降和水平向前發(fā)展的動詞、名詞下面劃橫線; 在表示程度變化的 副詞下面劃波浪線; 將表示時間的短語用括號括起來。所有這些畫 出的表達法, 都是圖表類作文中使用頻率很高的詞語。 步驟三, 重讀答案中的線狀圖, 并將圖中的數(shù)字信息轉換成文字信息。,If we start with 1975, we can see

11、 that at the beginning of the year, inflation stood at 5%. It increased steadily over the next 12months to 8%. At the beginning of 1976, inflation leveled off for a six month period, and then decreased gradually by 2% during the rest of the year. Unfortunately, over the next six months, inflation ro

12、se slightly and reached 9% by the middle of 1977. Then inflation went up dramatically to 17% during the next 12 months. After a drop of 3% over the 2nd half of 78, inflation increased rapidly until it reached a peak of 24% in mid - 79. It then fell to 20% by the end of 79 and subsequently leveled of

13、f until the middle of 1980.,參考答案,4. 2012年12月四級作文,2012年12月四級作文考察的是“教育投資和其帶來的回報”的問題。表格中的數(shù)字代表不同教育水平對應的失業(yè)率和周薪，一套代表的是失業(yè)率百分比，另一套代表的是周薪。,范文.,From the bar chart given above, we can observe that it reflects the statistics of income among people of different educational background. Those who possess a doctora

14、l degree earn 1,551dollars median weekly, ranking first among people of other education level. The median weekly earnings of people with associate degree and below can not reach the average of 797 dollars, ranking from 768 dollars to 451 dollars. As for the unemployment rate, 2.5 % of people with do

15、ctoral degree will suffer form unemployment. However, the unemployment rate of people with some college, no degree and lower degree surpass the mean value of 7.6%， ranking from 8.7% to 14.1%。,The bar chart of Education Pays reveals a phenomenon that there exits some difference in incomes and unemplo

16、yment rate among people with different educational level. Quite a few reasons can account for this phenomenon: for one thing, with the advancement of technology and the adjustment of industrial structure, quite a few high-tech industries emerge overnight, which leads to a soar demand of workforces w

17、ith high educational degree, thus, it is natural that graduates with bachelor and higher degree get a high pay-packet and enjoy a stable job. Additionally, those with educational background under associate degree are easily dismissed and paid by low salary. They can be replaced any time due to the f

18、act that their jobs are easy and can be finished by average people. Definitely, the higher education degree you get, the more likely you are to enjoy a competitive edge in the employment market. Thus, the authorities should enforce some policies to ensure the equity of education. Only in this way ca

19、n more people lead a stable and comfortable life.,5. Exercise,最近對班上同學進行了題為“影響你選擇音樂的因素是什么”的調(diào)查，其結果如下。現(xiàn)在請用英語寫一份簡單的調(diào)查結果說明，并針對圖表中的任何一個數(shù)據(jù)所反映的情況談談你的看法。,Sample writing,Recently I have carried out a survey among the students of our class. The survey was conducted to find out what influences the music we list

20、en to. According to the survey, TV and films have the strongest effect on teenagers choice of music, 50 per cent of the students sharing the opinion. About 30 per cent of the students say they are influenced by friends when deciding what to listen to. Radio comes third, with 20 percent of the studen

21、ts choosing it. Parents seem to have very little influence. Only 10 per cent of the students say they listen to what their parents recommend.,In my opinion, one of the major reasons why TV and films influence our choice of music so much is that the music in the film usually goes with beautiful pictu

22、res, or expresses certain feelings of heroes. Good film music, as is often the case, can accompany a persons entire life. Honestly speaking, Im pretty amazed at how minor the part parents play in guiding students towards finding a lifelong interest in music. For me, I am forever willing to hear my m

23、oms opinion on the kind of music I listen to, for I believe, with broadened horizons, parents are teachers of us in every aspect of life and their advice is always worth considering.,圖畫類作文,圖畫作文通常包括三部分： 描述圖畫段 闡釋寓意段 解決問題段/發(fā)揚展望段/舉例段,圖畫描述段,描述圖畫段基本寫法：三句寫出圖畫，一句點出中心思想。 第一句，指出話題，說的是什么事情 第二句，描寫圖畫 第三句，描寫圖畫 第四

24、句，點明中心思想 常用結構：As is shown/，we can see clearly that/，The purpose of the pictures/the drawer is to reveal/expose to us a common and serious problem in China/in our social life.,闡釋寓意段,般說來，寫9句，約100個字。這一段的主要結構是寓意闡發(fā)，而后多是原因分析和后果分析。 常用結構： The set of drawings/This cartoon is really thought-provoking. This th

25、ought-provoking cartoon tells/warns us that ,解決問題段 這種段落比較好寫，典型的套路就是國家或者政府應該怎么樣，社會應該怎么樣，我們應該怎么樣，然后只有這樣，就會怎么樣，最終是戰(zhàn)勝克服困難，明天會更好。大概寫5句，50個字左右。,舉例段,首先注意舉例的數(shù)量，一個例子可以，多個例子也可以；例子的多樣性、多側面；一定要合適，切題，,發(fā)揚展望段,一般的結構是：表明正面態(tài)度進行好處列舉展望美好未來。,總而言之，圖畫作文包括這五種段落，寫作時，注意審題，看指令讓你寫的是哪三段的組合，然后進行拼接組圖.,Directions: 1) describe the

26、set of drawings, Interpret its meaning, and 2) point out its implications in our life.,Sample writing,The above two pictures have shaped contrast to each other. As is shown in the first drawing, the flower is placed in a cozy green house which shelters it from the severe wind and storm. With proper

27、temperature and other good conditions, the flower is growing in full bloom. In contrast, when removed from the green house and exposed to the wind and storm, the flower immediately fades and withers, with most of its petals cast about on the ground. The two pictures show us that the flower growing in the green house can not withstand the ordeal of the wind and storm.,It is most likely th