被動語態(tài)講解ppt課件.ppt

1、Passive voice,1,各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu):,1.一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu): am/is/are + vt 過去分詞,2.一般過去時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu): was/ were + vt 過去分詞,3.含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu): 情態(tài)動詞+be+ vt 過去分詞,4.一般將來時的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu): will/shall +be + vt 過去分詞,5.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu): am/ is /are+being + vt 過去分詞,6.過去進(jìn)行時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu): was / were + being+ vt 過去分詞,7.現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu): have/has been +

2、 vt 過去分詞,2,The boy broke the glass.,The glass was broken by the boy.,如何從主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)？,1.主語 介詞by 賓語 2.謂語 加be,并變?yōu)檫^去分詞 3.賓語 主語,3,主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)對照表,4,1.They make shoes in that factory. 主語+及物動詞+賓語,Shoes are made (by them) in that factory. 一般現(xiàn)在時：am/is /are +過去分詞,各種時態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài),5,2. They bought ten computers last ter

3、m,Ten computers were bought (by them) last term. 一般過去時：was/were +過去分詞,6,Tom will clean the room tomorrow.,主,謂,賓,The room,will be cleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,一般將來時：will be+過去分詞,7,3Amy can take good care of Gina ,Gina can be taken good care of by Amy. 情態(tài)動詞： can/may/must/should + be+過去分詞,8,5. Some workers

4、 are painting the rooms now,The rooms are being painted by some workers now. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時：am/is/are + being +過去分詞,9,7I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night,My homework was being done (by me) at 8:00 last night. 過去進(jìn)行時：was/were+being+過去分詞,10,6We have made twenty more keys,Twenty more keys have been made

5、by us. 現(xiàn)在完成時： have/has + been+過去分詞,11,請將下列主動語態(tài)變成被動語態(tài) 1.Lucy bought some fruit. Some fruit _ _ _ Lucy. 2.Uncle Wang waters the flowers every day. The flowers _ _ _ Uncle Wang every day. 3.Did they build the bridge in 1998? _ the bridge _ in 1998? 4.When did Lu Xun write these books? When _these books

6、 _ _ Lu Xun? 5.The farmers dont grow apples on the farm. Apples _ _ on the farm. 6.They didnt clean the classroom yesterday. The classroom _ _ yesterday.,was bought by,are watered by,Was,built,were,written by,arent grown,wasnt cleaned,12,帶情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài) 1.You can do the work all by yourself. The work _ _

7、 _ all by yourself. 2.We must plant more trees. More trees _ _ _. 3.We should dig a large hole. A large hole _ _ _. 4.Can we put our bikes here? _ our bikes _ _ here? 5.You mustnt throw rubbish here. Rubbish _ _ _ here. 6.We cant see many stars. Many stars _ _ _ .,can be done,must be planted,should

8、be dug,Can,be put,mustnt be thrown,cant be seen,13,在被動語態(tài)中要注意的問題,一、使役動詞(let, have, make等)或感官 動詞(see, hear, watch,等)在主動語態(tài)中 后面接的動詞不定式省略to，改為被動語態(tài) 時一定要補上to。如： The boss makes the workers work all day. The workers are made to work all day by the boss. I saw him enter the house. He was seen to enter the hou

9、se by me. C. We hear her sing in the room every day. She is heard to sing in the room every day.,14,注意,當(dāng)使用see/hear/watch sb doing sth時，變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，doing不變。如： I saw him going into the shop.(主動) He was seen going into the shop.(被動),15,go,16,1.Toms father bought him a book. He _ a book by his father. A boo

10、k _ _ him by his father.,二、帶雙賓語的動詞有兩種改法: 1.把指人的賓語作為被動句的主語. 2.當(dāng)把直接賓語物作為主語時，要加介詞to,for,was bought,在被動語態(tài)中要注意的問題,was bought,for,17,pass, show, send,此類動詞有：,buy,be bought for,如：give,be given to,此類動詞還有：,draw，make, cook, mend,18,He gave me a beautiful present. I was given a beautiful present by him. A beaut

11、iful present was given to me .,19,感官動詞(hear, see, watch, feel, notice等)和使役動詞(let ,make have等)在主動語態(tài)中后接不帶to的動詞不定式,但是改為被動語態(tài)時, 把to加在動詞原形之前.,They made the boys work 12 hours a day. The boys were made to work 12 hours a day. We often see him go for a walk by the river. He is often seen to go for a walk by

12、 the river.,20,1. The teachers often make us read books in the morning. We are often made to read books in the morning by the teachers. 2. We noticed him talk with my brother just now. He was noticed to talk with my brother just now. 3. We saw her help Tom when we enter the room. She was seen to hel

13、p Tom when we enter the room. 4. I made him stop while he was doing the work. He was made to stop while he was doing the work.,21,3 主動句中含有賓語補足語句子的被動語態(tài):把人變?yōu)橹髡Z Mother told me not to be late. I was told not to be late by mother. I saw mother planting flowers in the garden. Mother was seen planting flow

14、ers in the garden.,22,必背！,動詞短語變被動語態(tài)，后面的介詞不能丟。,take care of be taken care of,cut down be cut down,laugh at be laughed at,look after be looked after,Speak to be spoken to,Hand in be handed in,23,4 短語動詞的被動語態(tài) I can take good care of the baby. The baby can be taken good care of. We should speak to the ol

15、d politely. The old should be spoken to politely.,24,The rain stopped.,The soup tastes delicious.,stop , taste 在句中是不及物動詞，后面不能直接帶賓語，因此不能變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)。,不及物動詞（vi.)不能用于被動語態(tài)。,happen, take place ,appear, disappear,belong to ,break out (爆發(fā)）,25,e.g. A traffic accident _(happen) just now.,happened,2. 連系動詞（Link.v.)不

16、用被動語態(tài)。 如：be, look, seem, feel, sound, smell, taste, get, turn, become,e.g. Peking Opera _ (sound) beautiful.,sounds,3. 當(dāng)此動詞表示事物的自然屬性的時候，不用被動語態(tài) 。,e.g. The pen _(write) very fast.,writes,This kind of sweater _(sell) well.,sells,26,三、漢語中含有“據(jù)說”、“據(jù)悉”、“有人說”、“大家說”等時。例如： It is said that one day he climbed t

17、o the top of a house and It was reported that her mother died of SARS. 眾所周知 It is well known that 據(jù)推測說 It is supposed that ,27,Practice: 1 Must I pay for it at once? _ it _ _ _ at once? 2 We will build a new lab. A new lab _ _ _. 3 They arent stopping the traffic now. The traffic _ _ _ now. 4 How lo

18、ng have you kept the book? How long _ the book _ _?,Must,been,paid,for,will,be,built,isnt,been,stopping,has,been,kept,28,5 If your homework _(do) well,you may go to play. 6 Mr.Green was seen _ (grow) trees. 7 The blackboard was _ (look) carefully by the students. 8 The ship model _ be _ (make) in tw

19、o days.,is done,to grow,looked at,will,made,29,1.-Did you go to Jims birthday party? -No, I _ (北京2003年中招試題) A. am not invited B. wasnt invited C. havent invited D. didnt invited 2. To make our city more beautiful, rubbish _ into the river. A. neednt be thrown B. mustnt be thrown C. cant throw D. may

20、 not throw (重慶2003年中招試題),中招名題回顧,B,B,30,考點聚焦,1、主動語態(tài)為動詞原形作賓語補足語。 The workers were made 12 hours a day n the old days. A. work B. to work 2、主動語態(tài)的謂語為短語動詞。 Their homework half an hour ago. A. was handed in B. was handed,A,B,31,3.You may go fishing if your work_. (河北2003年中招試題) A. is done B. will be done C

21、. has done D. have done 4.We are told _ everywhere. Its our duty to keep our school clean. (遼寧2003年中招試題) not to make much noise B. to throw waste paper C. to draw D. not to spit,A,D,32,1.- What do you think of the football match yesterday ? - Its surprising. The strongest team _. A. was beaten B. wo

22、n C. scored D. was failed 2.I wont come to the party unless Sue_. A. will invite B. invites C. invited D. is invited 3.What are on show in the museum? Some photos _ by African children. A. are taken B. have been taken C. taken D. were taken 4. The boy _ study at home by her last Sunday. A made B was

23、 made C was made to D made to,中招模擬,A,D,C,C,33,4.The trees must _ three times a week. A. water B. is watering C. be watered D. waters 5.Another new building _last month near my school. A. was built B. built C. has been built D. is built,6. A new bridge _ over the river next year. A is built B will bu

24、ild C will be built D will built 7. TV and radio programes _ the other side of the world with the help of the satellites. A can send to B can send on C can be sent to D can be sent on,C,A,C,C,34,3. In summer meat and fruit _for a long time. A cant be kept B doesnt keep C is not kept D isnt keeping 4

25、. These films _ by young children. A should not seen B shouldnt be seen C should be not seen D should see 5. The piece of music _ great. A sounds B sounded C is sounded D is sounding,6. It _ in a small village last month. A happened B was happened C happen D had happened,A,B,A,A,35,2. Our classroom

26、should _ clean and tidy. A was kept B be kept C is keep D have kept,3. No letter _ since you left for Shanghai. A have received B have been received C had been received D has been received 4. Im afraid you cant go in. The room_. A is painted B has painted C is being painted D is painting,6. The girl _singing when we passed by. A heard B was heard C was heard to D heard to,B,D,C,B,36,3. My new pen _ well. A wr