人教版高中英語必修一知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)

1、人教版必修一各單元學(xué)問點(diǎn)總結(jié)unit one friendship一、重點(diǎn)短語1. go through 經(jīng)受，經(jīng)受get through 通過；完成；接通電話2. set down 登記，放下3. a series of 一系列4. on purpose 有目的的5. in order to 為了6. at dusk 傍晚，黃昏時(shí)刻7. face to face 面對面8. fall in love愛上9. join in參與（某個(gè)活動(dòng)）；take part in 參與（活動(dòng)）join加入（組織，團(tuán)隊(duì)，并成為其中一員）10. calm down 冷靜下來11. suffer from 遭受1

2、2. be/get tired of對感到厭倦13. be concerned about關(guān)懷14. get on/along well with 與相處融洽15. be good at/do well in 善于于16. find it + adj. to do sth. 發(fā)覺做某事是17. no longer / notany longer不再18. too much 太多（后接不行數(shù)n.） much too 太后接 adj.19. notunti直l到才20. its no pleasure doing sth做并不高興21. make sb. sth. 使某人成為make sb. do

3、 sth. 使某人做某事二、語法 -直接引語和間接引語概念：直接引語：直接引述別人的原話；一般前后要加引號；1間接引語： 用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話； 間接引語在多數(shù)情形下可構(gòu)成賓語從句且不要加引號；例： mr. black said,“mibusy. ”mr. black said that he was busy.變化規(guī)章（一）陳述句的變化規(guī)章直接引語假如是陳述句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，用連詞that（可省略）引導(dǎo)，從句中 的人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語都要發(fā)生相應(yīng)的變化；人稱的變化 人稱的變化主要是要懂得句子的意思例： 1. he said,“ i like it very much.

4、”that hheeliskaeiddit very much.2. he said to me,v “l(fā)efit my book in your room.” he told me that he had left his book in my room.時(shí)態(tài)的變化例 ： “ i dont want to set down a series of facts in a diary,” said anne. anne said that she didnt want to set down a series of facts in a diary.the boy said,“m iusing

5、a knife.” the boy said that he was using a knife.留意：假如直接引語是客觀真理，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變，如：he said,“ light travels much faster than sound.”he said that light travels much faster than sound.指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語和動(dòng)詞的變化2二祈使句的變化規(guī)章假如直接引語是祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，要將祈使句的動(dòng)詞原形變?yōu)閹o 的不定式，并依據(jù)句子意思在不定式前加上tell/ask/order 等動(dòng)詞，假如祈使句是否定句，在不定式前面仍要加上

6、not；例：the hostess said to us,“please sit down.” the hostess asked us to sit down. he said, he told the boys not to make so much noise.（三）疑問句的變化規(guī)章 t ma“kedsoonmuch noise, boys.” 假如直接引語是疑問句， 變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)要把疑問句語序變?yōu)殛愂鼍湔Z序，句末用句號；一般疑問句：假如直接引語是一般疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞是say 或said 時(shí)，要改為ask 或 asked 原,問句變?yōu)橛?if/whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從

7、句； 例:“ doyou think a diary can become your friend.” the writer stahyes.writer asks us if we think a diary can become our friend.2 特殊疑問句：假如間接引語是特殊疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，仍用原先的引導(dǎo)詞，但疑問句要變?yōu)殛愂鼍洌焕?“ what do you want.” he asked me. he asked me what i wantedunit twoenglish around the world一、重點(diǎn)短語1. be different from 與不

8、同be the same as與一樣2. one another 相互，彼此（ =each other）3. official language 官方語言4. at the end of 在終止時(shí)5. because of 由于（后接名詞或名詞性短語）because 由于（后接句子）6. native speakers說母語的人7. be based on依據(jù)，依據(jù)8. at present 目前；當(dāng)今9. especially 特殊，特殊specially 特地地10. make use of 利用make the best of 充分利用11. a large number of 大量的，

9、 許多（作主語， 謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)）the number of的數(shù)量（作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)）12. in fact = actually= as a matter of fact 事實(shí)上13. believe it or not 信不信由你14. there is no such thingas沒有這樣的事15. be expected to被期望做某事16. play a part/role in在起作 用17. make lists of列清單18. included 包括（前面接包括的對象）including 包括（后接包括的對象）19. command sb. to do sth.命令

10、某人去做某事command + that 從句（從句用 should+v 原） 420. request sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事request + that 從句從句用 should+v 原二、語法 -英語中的命令（ command）語氣和懇求 request語氣 命令語氣：表示直接命令某人做某事，語氣比較重，不怎么禮貌，一般用于上級對下級例： 1.“ look at the example”, the teacher said to us.2. open the window.懇求語氣：表示懇求某人做某事， 語氣比較緩和，特別禮貌例：1.“ would you like

11、to see my flat. ” she asked.2. would you please open the window.unit 3 travel journal一、重點(diǎn)短語1. travel-泛指旅行journey-指長時(shí)間長距離的陸上旅行voyage-指長距離的水上旅行，也可以指乘飛機(jī)旅行trip- 常指短時(shí)間短距離的旅行tour-指周游，巡回旅行，2. prefer to 更加喜愛，寧愿prefer a to b 比起 b，更喜愛 aprefer doing to doing 比起做，寧愿做prefer to do rather than do 與其做, 不如3. flow th

12、rough流過，流經(jīng)4. ever since 自從5. persuade sb. to do sth.說服某人做某事6. be fond of 喜愛7. insist on doing 堅(jiān)持做某事insist + that 從句（用 should+ v 原）8. care about 關(guān)懷59. change ones mind 轉(zhuǎn)變想法10. altitude 高度attitude 態(tài)度，看法11. make up ones mind to do 下定決心做某事= decide to do = make a decision to do12. give in 讓步，屈服give up 舍棄

13、13. be surprised to對感 到詫異to ones surprise 令某人詫異的是14. at last = finally = in the end 最終15. stop to do 停下來去做某事stop doing 停止做某事16. as usual 像平常一樣17. sotha如t此以至于so + adj + a/an + n. + that such + a/an +adj. + n. + that18. be familiar with對熟識（人作主語）be familiar to 為所熟識（物作主語）二、語法 :現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來， 表示最近按方案或

14、支配要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，常見的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來的動(dòng)詞有： come/ go / leave/ arrive / travel / take / stay/ do等.例： 1. im coming. 我就來2. what are you doing next sunday .你下個(gè)星期天做什么？3. i hear that you are travelling along mekong river. 我聽說你將沿湄公河旅行4. where are you staying at night.你們晚上待在哪里 /unit fourearthquakes一、重點(diǎn)短語1. right away 立刻，立刻（

15、= at once = in no time） 62. asleep 睡著的；熟睡地（ fall asleep 入睡） sleep 睡 ； 睡 眠sleepy 犯困的3. it seems that/ as if4. in ruins 成為廢墟看來似乎 ；似乎5. the number of的數(shù)量（謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)）a number of 大量（謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)）6. rescue workers 營救人員come to ones rescue 營救某人7. be trapped 被困8. how long 多長時(shí)間how often 多久，指平率how soon 仍要多久（用于將來時(shí)當(dāng)中，用in

16、+時(shí)間段回答）9. hundreds of thousands of成千上萬的10. dig out 挖出11. shake-泛指 “動(dòng)搖，震驚 ”常,指左右、上下動(dòng)搖，也可以指人“震驚，顫抖 ” 例： 1. she felt the earth shaking under him.2. she was shaken with anger. quake- 指較劇烈的震驚，如地震例: the building quaked on its foundationtremble-指人由于冰冷、懼怕、擔(dān)心等引起的身體的抖動(dòng)或聲音的顫抖例： suddenly i saw her lips begin to

17、 tremble and tears begin to flow down her cheeks.shiver- 多指冰冷引起的顫抖、哆嗦例： a sudden gust of cold wind made me shiver.12. rise roserisen- vi,上升；升起， 無被動(dòng)語態(tài)； give rise to 引起raise（ raisedraised）- vt,舉起；籌集；哺育arise arosearisen-vt,顯現(xiàn)（常指問題或現(xiàn)象）13. injure-常指因意外事故造成的損耗，也可以指感情上名譽(yù)上的損害例： he was injured in a car accid

18、ent.harm- 泛指“損害，損害 ”，既可以指有生命的，也可以指無生命的 7例： 1. he was afraid that his fury would harm the child.2. his business was harmed for some reason.hurt-既可以指肉體上的損害，也可以指精神上的損害例： 1. she hurt her leg when she fell.2. he felt hurt at your word.wound-一般指槍傷、刀傷等在戰(zhàn)場上受的傷例： the bullet wounded him in the arm.14. be prep

19、ared for= make preparations為for15. in one s honor 向表示敬意；為紀(jì)念做預(yù)備 be/ feel honored to do做感 到很榮幸16. make /give/ deliver a speech發(fā)言opening speech 開幕詞17. give/ provide shelter to向供應(yīng)庇護(hù)所seek shelter from逃避18. happen to + n./ pron. 遭受，發(fā)生happen to do sth. 偶然；碰巧happen -指偶然發(fā)生take place-指事先方案好的事情發(fā)生二、語法 -定語從句概念：在

20、復(fù)合句中，修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句；成分：先行詞，即被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞； 關(guān)系代詞： that，which ，who賓格為 whom,全部格為 whose；或者關(guān)系副詞 where，when，why 等；關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞處在先行詞和定語從句之間，起著連接主從句的作用；1. 關(guān)系代詞 that 的用法關(guān)系代詞 that 在定語從句中既能指人， 也能指物； 既能做主語， 也能做賓語例：1）a plane is a machine that can fly. 指 物，作主語 2） the noodles that i cooked were delicious. 指物，作賓語 3）

21、 who is the man that is reading a book over there.指 人，作主語 4）the girl that we saw yesterday was jims sister,指人，作賓語 2. 關(guān)系代詞 which 的用法8關(guān)系代詞 which 在定語從句中只能指物， 但既可以做賓語也能作主語例：1）they planted some trees which didn t need much water. 作 主語 2）the fish which we bought this morning were not fresh. 作賓語 3. 關(guān)系代詞 wh

22、o，whom 的用法關(guān)系代詞 who,whom只能指人，在定語從句中分別作主語和賓語例： 1）the foreigner who helped us yesterday is from usa.作 2）the person to whom you just talked to is mr. li. 作賓語 、4. 關(guān)系代詞 whose在的用法主語 關(guān)系代詞 whose 為關(guān)系代詞 who 的全部格形式，其先行詞既可以是人也可以是物， whose 和它所修飾的名詞在定語從句中既可以做主語也可以做賓語；例： 1）this is the scientist whose name is known a

23、ll over the world. 指主語人，作2） the room whose window faces south is mine. 指 物，作主語 3） he has written a book whose namei5. 關(guān)系副詞 when 的用法關(guān)系副詞 when 在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語ve forgotten. 指物，作賓語 例： 1）i ll never forget the time when =during which we worked on the farm.2 do you remember the afternoon when =on which we firs

24、t met three years ago.6. 關(guān)系副詞 where 在定語從句中的用法關(guān)系副詞 where 在定語從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語例： 1）this is the place where =at/ in which we first met.2 the hotel where = in which we stayed wasnt very clean.7. 關(guān)系副詞 why 在定語從句中的用法關(guān)系副詞 why 在定語從句中作緣由狀語例: 1. i didnt get a pay rise, but this wasnt the reason why= for which i left. 2. the reason why =for which he has late was that he missed t