專題02 代詞 2017年高考英語備考學易黃金易錯點解析版

1、 1(2016·新課標，68)On my recent visit，I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _(it)mother. 2(2016·四川，68)By that time，the panda no longer needed _(it)mother for food. 答案 its 解析 句意：到那時，這只熊貓不再需要從它的母親那里獲取食物。此處用形容詞性物主代詞its修飾mother。 3(2016·浙江，3)In many ways，the education

2、system in the US is not very different from _ in the UK. 答案that 解析 句意：在很多方面，美國的教育體系和英國的教育體系很不一樣。這里指代前面的名 詞education system，所以用that。 4.(2015·浙江，12)How would you like if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you? 解析 句意：如果你正在看

3、最喜愛的電視節(jié)目，這時有人進來沒有征求你的意見就把電視關(guān)了，你會 怎么想。固定表達how would you like it if.，在此結(jié)構(gòu)中it代替后面if句的內(nèi)容。 答案 it 5.(2015·重慶，2)The meeting will be held in September, but knows the date for sure. 解析 句意：會議將在九月召開，但是沒人知道具體日期。句中的關(guān)鍵詞為but，表轉(zhuǎn)折，故nobody沒有人，符合句意。 答案 nobody 6.(2015·陜西，13)To warm himself，the sailor sat in f

4、ront of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the . 解析 句意：為了讓自己暖和起來，這個水手坐在火堆旁，光著腳，用一只腳搓另一只腳。表示兩者中的一個，另一個，用one.the other.。 來源:答案 other 7.(2015·四川，10)Niki is always full of ideas，but is useful to my knowledge. ，none總是有很多想法，但是沒有一個想法對我的知識有用。三者或三者否定以上用Niki句意： 解析可指人也可指物。 答案 none 8.(2015·天津，2)Th

5、e quality of education in this small school is better than in some larger schools. 來源:解析 句意：這所規(guī)模較小的學校的教育質(zhì)量比一些規(guī)模較大的學校的教育質(zhì)量好得多。表示比較時，指代前面的quality of education要用that，為了避免重復，可以代替前面提到的不可數(shù)名詞。 答案 that 來源:9.(2015·福建，21)The research group produced two reports based on the survey, but contained any usefu

6、l suggestions. 解析 句意：這個研究組發(fā)布了以調(diào)查為基礎(chǔ)的兩個報道，但是都沒有有用的建議。考查代詞。根據(jù)句意，兩者都不用neither。 答案 neither 易錯起源1、物主代詞和反身代詞的用法 例1 Tom felt that he knew everybody's business than they knew it _ _. A. themselves B. oneself C. itself D. himself Is's nice if a 【錯誤解答】D 【正確解答】 A 【錦囊妙計，戰(zhàn)勝自我】 1.英漢差異。英語中必須有形容詞性物主代詞，而漢語中往

7、往省略不翻譯。例如: Jack took off his coat and went go bed (his 不能省略) 2.“of+名詞性物主代詞”用作定語。例如: Some friends of mine will attend my birthday party. That car of hers is a1ways breaing down. 3.“形容詞性物主代詞+own+名詞”表示強調(diào)，在own前還可加very表示進一步的強調(diào)。 例如: It's nice if a man can have his own car. I want to have my very own c

8、ar. 4.“a(an，Some，any) +名詞+ of one's own”表示“某人自己的”的意思。名詞前可以用this,that,these,four,those,several,another,no,whieh等修飾，但不能用定冠詞the。例如: 5.反身代詞的習慣用語。 by oneslf =alone 獨自地，親自 to oneself 暗自 for oneself 為自己 in oneself 本質(zhì)上 of onesflf 自動地，自發(fā)地 be oneself 玩得愉快 dress oneslf in 穿著 help oneslf to 隨便吃，自行取用 e to on

9、eself 蘇醒 make oneself at home 不要客氣 devote omeself to 專心于；獻身于 find omeself in/at發(fā)覺自己來到 teach oneself 自學 dress oneself 自己穿 lose oneself 迷路 excuse oneself 自我辯解 來源:易錯起源2、不定代詞的用法 例2One week's time has been wastea. I can't believe we did all that work for _ . A. something B. nothing C. everything

10、D. anything 【錯誤解答】A或D 我無法相信我們所做的一切毫無結(jié)果什么都:一周的時間已被浪費掉了。后者說:【錯解分析】前者說沒換來。句中的for有“替挾、兌挾”之意。一周內(nèi)干了許多工作，卻勞而無功，所以才白白浪費了一周時間，沒有換來任何成果。 【正確解答】 B 【名師點睛】 易混不定代詞的用法區(qū)別: 1.some和any 二者都可用作名詞(作主語或賓語)，也可用作形容詞(作定語)來修飾可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞。 (1)some一般用于肯定句中。當some用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前時，表示”某一(個)”，與數(shù)字連用則表示“大概，大約”的意思，用于疑問句時，表示說話人希望得到肯定的回答，或表示請求，

11、建議。例如: I've read the story in some book. (某一本) Some girl. is waiting for you at the school gate.(某個) The country has exported some two million bikes this year. ( 大約 ) May I have some water? (表示請求) ,Z,X,X,K科學來源 Would you like some apples? (邀請) (2)any多用于疑問句，否定句和條件句中。在肯定句中，any表示“任何的”，修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。也可用作狀

12、語，表示程度。例如: both兩者都，all三者或三者以上，全體；在句中可作主語、賓語、定語和同位語。 (1)all除了指人，作主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)；還可指物，表示“所有，一切”，作主語時，謂語動 詞用單數(shù)，也可用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞。例如: All but one are present.(作主語，指人，謂語動詞用復數(shù)) All is over with him.(作主語，指物，謂語動詞用單數(shù)) I have forgotten all about it(作賓語) All hope has gone.(修飾不可數(shù)名詞) They all agree to stay here.(作同位語) 3.

13、much和many 兩個詞都有“許多”的意思，much表示或修飾不可數(shù)名詞，many表示或修飾可數(shù)名詞。在口語中，much或many多用于疑問句或否定句，在肯定句中常用a lot of，lots Of，plenty of，a large quantity of，quantities of代替。much還可以用a great deal of代替，many可以用a(1arge)number of代替。 連用，構(gòu)成too還可與much意為“不怎么樣”，be not much可用作副詞，作狀語，表程度。(1)much“too much+不可數(shù)名詞”短語，意為“太多的”或“much too+形容詞或副詞

14、”短語，意為 “太“非?！?，是副詞詞組，修飾形、副詞，但不修飾動詞。例如: The city is much larger than that one. I've visited the country and it is not much. There is too much noise in the classroom I'm much too busy to see visitors. (2)many a + 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，表示“許多”。在名詞前如果有冠詞或指示代詞等詞時，要用many of 或much of結(jié)構(gòu)，例如: Many a student has gone t

15、o the cinema. Many of the/my books are English. (1)each強調(diào)個體，在句子中充當定語，主語，賓語和同位語，指兩者或兩者以上的人或事物中的每一個。例如: Each room can seat at least fifty people. Each of the students will get a new book. Each student will get a new book The students each will get a new book. There are trees and flowers on each side o

16、f the street. ( 街道只有兩邊，不能用every) (2)every強調(diào)整體，在句中只能作定語，指三者或三者以上的人或事物中的每一個。還可以表示“每隔”構(gòu)成“every+數(shù)詞+復數(shù)名詞”，“every + few + 復數(shù)名詞”，“every + other + 單數(shù)名詞”，“every +序數(shù)詞 + 單數(shù)名詞”，例如: Every one has strong and weak points. Every student has told a story. every three weeks 每隔三個星期，每隔兩個星期 every other week = every seco

17、nd week 每隔一星期 every few weeks(不能說evesry a few weeks)每隔幾個星期 6.either 和neither either指“兩個人或物中的任何一個”，表示肯定意義，neither指“兩個人或物一個也不”，表示否定意義。這兩個詞作主語時，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)。 : 可放在否定句的句尾，表示”也”。例如eitherI don't know either.我也不知道。 either可用作連詞，“或者，要么”的意思，一般與。or連用，構(gòu)成“either. or”短語，意為“不是 就是”，“或者或者”。當這一短語連接兩個名詞或代詞作主語時，謂語動詞在人稱

18、和數(shù)上要同最近的主語保持一致，如: Either he or I am to blame. 來源:. Is either he or you going to the cinema? Are either you or he going to the cinema? 來源: either修飾名詞時，前面不用物主代詞，指示代詞或定冠詞，可以說:“either pen”，但不能說“the either pen或either my pen” either用作代詞時，可以單獨使用，也可和of連用，of后接復數(shù)名詞，名詞前要用一個物主代詞，指示代詞或定冠詞，如: He doesn't like

19、either of the two places. 當either of作主語時，動詞一般用單數(shù)形式，但在否定句和疑問句中，動詞也常用復數(shù)，特別在口語中，如: 7.no和 none Either of them is good enough. I don't think either of them are at home. (1)no表示“不”“無”只能作定語，修飾不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞單復數(shù)，相當于not any或not a。例如:There is no water in the bottle. (2)none表示“沒有人，任何人也不”用作名詞，相當于no one或not any，常

20、同of連用，構(gòu)成“Noneof.”結(jié)構(gòu)，none作可數(shù)名詞用時，指三者或三者以上，作主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù)或復數(shù)均可，none作不可數(shù)名 詞時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，none在句中作主語或賓語，不作定語，不與名詞連用，例如: None of books are (is) interesting. 注意: 來源:none but+復數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語動詞要用復數(shù)，例如: None but wolves walk like that.除非狼才會那么走。 none和noone的區(qū)別: none回答以howmanymuch引導的特殊疑問句或“any of + 限定詞 + 名詞”或表一定范圍的一般疑問句，no

21、 one回答以who引導的特殊疑問句及含有anybody或無限定范圍的一般問句，簡言之， none表示: 表示沒有人，例如no one數(shù)量， How many students are there in the classroom now? 來源: None. How any of you ever been to the Great Wall? None. Who can answer the question? No one. 8.other,another,others,any other,the other的用法。 (1)other表示泛指，意為“另外的，其他的”。常與復數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)

22、名詞連用。如果其前有 the，this， some，any，each，every，no以及形容詞性物主代詞時，其后就可接單數(shù)名詞。例如: I have no other place to go. (2)another常用于指三者或三者以上中的“另外一個”，泛指單數(shù)。可以單獨使用，也可以接名詞。如果其后接復數(shù)名詞，則表示“又，再，還”。例如: This cap is too small for me. Show me another (one). We need another three assistants in our pany. (3)others是other的復數(shù)形式，表示泛指，意為“

23、別的人或物”，但不指全部。特指時在其前加定冠詞； 前面可加任何限定詞以及數(shù)量詞。例如: 來源:He has more concern for others than for himself. (4)any other表示一個之外的其他任何一個，百不是兩個之中的另一個。例如: China is larger than any other country in Asia. (5)the other，表示兩者中的另外一個?？梢詥为毷褂?，以可接單數(shù)名詞。例如: No agreement was reached in the discussion as neither side would give a

24、way to the other. 易錯起源3、代詞出at、it、one的用法 例3 Cars do cause as some health problems _ in fact for more serious than mobile phones do. A. one B. ones C. it D. those 【錯誤解答】D 【正確解答】B 【名師點睛】 的主要用法it代詞用作人稱代詞，指代前文提到過的事物。例如: This is not my book. It is Mary's. 用來代替指示代詞出，this或that。例如: What's this? It

25、9;s a dictionary. Whose jacket is that? It is hers. 在性別不清楚時用來指人。例如: K§§X來源學§科§Z§X Who's knocking at the door? It's me. (4):指時間；距離、天氣、環(huán)境等。例如: What's the time now? K§X§§X來源學§科§Z s ten past twenty. 'It s getting warmer and wanner. It'

26、; ride from my home to the town. 'It 's about ten miles: 指代整個句子的內(nèi)容；例如(5)football match .Have you heard about it? Our team won the : (6)用于某些習慣用語中作賓語，對這些習慣用語只能從整體上來理解；例如I hate it when people speak with their mouths full. ll foot it. ' Weclock. As it is, we can hardly get to the station by

27、7o ' 【錦囊妙計，戰(zhàn)勝自我】 : 的用法區(qū)別it,they代詞與替代詞one,ones,the one,the ones,that,those 是它的復數(shù)形式。(1)it指代前面提到過的事物，they (2)one替代單數(shù)名詞，表示不特定的名詞，也就是指泛指，是它的復數(shù)形式。ones the ones是它的復數(shù)形式。替代前面的單數(shù)名詞，表示特指，往往其后帶動定語，(3)the onethe one. ,(4)that既可替代單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,也可以替代不可數(shù)名詞若替代單數(shù)名詞時,相當于 :如例相當于(5)those 替代復數(shù)名詞,the ones. 學§科§來源 Y

28、our story is interesting, but I don't I ike it. (句 1) This story is an interesting one. ( 句 2 ) 2) 句t a puter. I want to buy one next year. ('I havenThe dictionary on the desk is much better than that (the one) on the shelf. (句 3) The population in China is much larger than that in America.

29、(句 4) The conditions are like those in the real spaceship. (句 5) The weather in Beijing is much colder than that in Huanggang in winter. (句 4) 來源:.Students in our class are more hard working than those in Mr. smith's class. (句 5) 來源:There is only one puter of the type in the shop, so I want to b

30、uy it for my daughter. (句 1) 1.One day，he came up with an idea he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. 解析 考查同位語從句的引導詞。因后面是一個完整的句子，且該句是說明空格前面an idea的具體內(nèi)容，所以是同位語從句。從句結(jié)構(gòu)完整，故要用that引導。 答案 that 2. is important is that we let others know we care about them. 解析 考查主語從句的引導詞。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，系動詞is前的句子缺少主語，表示“重

31、要的事情”要用what。 答案 What 3.Over the next several months，my professor taught me one story was so much better than the other. 來源:. 答案 why 來源:.4. A study found girls who ate five or more family meals a week had a much healthier relationship with food in later life. 解析 考查賓語從句的引導詞。謂語動詞found后為賓語從句，賓語從句中不缺少成分，

32、故要用that 引導。 答案 that 5.Perhaps my mother had told me was deeply rooted in my mind. 前為主語從句，從was考查主語從句的引導詞。媽媽說的話深深地扎根于我的思想中。系動詞 解析句中缺少賓語，故要用what引導。 答案 what 6.Even more upsetting was the fact the driver didn't stop afterward. 解析 考查同位語從句。the fact后面是同位語從句，要用that來引導。 答案 that 7. But，from I've heard，perhaps he worked too hard. 解析 考查賓語從句。從我聽說的來看，也許他更努力些。介詞from后是what引導的賓語從句，what作動詞hear的賓語。 答案 what 8. Well，there is a rumor going around the head of the Department is leaving.