Unit 4 Global warming

1、Unit 4 Global warming一、語(yǔ)言要點(diǎn)I單元要點(diǎn)預(yù)覽（旨在讓同學(xué)整體了解本單元要點(diǎn)）詞匯部分詞語(yǔ)辨析1.consequence/result/effect/outcome 2. glance/gaze/glare/stare 詞形變化1.agree v.同意disagree v.不同意agreement/disagreement n.同意/不同意2. exist v.存在existence n.存在3.state v.陳述，說明statement n.聲明，闡述4. environment n.環(huán)境environmental adj.周圍的，環(huán)境的environmentalis

2、t n.環(huán)境保護(hù)主義者重點(diǎn)單詞1. phenomenon n. 現(xiàn)象2. tend vt. 趨向, 往往是；照管, 護(hù)理3. state vt.聲明, 陳述4. range n.行列, 范圍；vt. 排列, 歸類于5. average adj.平均的 6. existence n.生存7. advocate倡導(dǎo)，擁護(hù)8. refresh v.(使)精神振作, (使)精力恢復(fù), 更新9. contribution n.捐獻(xiàn), 貢獻(xiàn), 投稿重點(diǎn)詞組come about 發(fā)生 quantities of大量的 result in導(dǎo)致 be opposed to反對(duì)on behalf of代表一方 p

3、ut up with 忍受； 容忍so long as 只要重點(diǎn)句子1. Some byproducts of this process are called “greenhouse” gases, the most important one of which is carbon dioxide.這個(gè)升溫過程的一些副產(chǎn)品就叫 “溫室”氣體,其中最重要的就是二氧化碳.重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法it的用法（II）(見語(yǔ)法專題)II 詞語(yǔ)辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料) 1). consequence/result/effect/outcome【解釋】consequence強(qiáng)調(diào)因某件事而引起的后果，有時(shí)帶貶義。r

4、esult普通用語(yǔ)，指某行動(dòng)，計(jì)劃或事件帶來的最終結(jié)果。effect與相對(duì)，指動(dòng)作行為帶來的后果或效應(yīng)。outcome側(cè)重 某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)，比賽的結(jié)果，結(jié)局【練習(xí)】選擇consequence/result/effect或outcome并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?) The _ of the game was beyond our expectation.2) The _ of the meeting was that no one should be dismissed.3) The advertisements have much _ on consumers choice.4) In _ of laz

5、iness, he was fired. Keys: 1) outcome 2) result 3) effect 4) consequence2). glance/gaze/glare/stare 看，注視【解釋】glance一瞥，匆匆一看，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的短暫gaze凝視，注視，因驚異或贊賞而長(zhǎng)時(shí)間無(wú)意識(shí)地凝視某人或某事物glare怒視，帶有敵對(duì)或威脅的態(tài)度stare盯著看，含有無(wú)禮或粗俗的意味。【練習(xí)】選擇glance/gaze/glare或stare，并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?) They stood at the top of the hill, _ at the splendid sunse

6、t.2) The manager _ at the document and signed down his name. 3) The dog _ at the stranger and barked.4) Dont _ , its rude!Keys: 1) gazing 2) glanced 3) glared 4) stare III 詞性變化 （旨在提供語(yǔ)法填空所需材料） 1.agree v.同意disagree v.不同意agreement/disagreement n.同意/不同意2. exist v.存在existence n.存在3.state v.陳述，說明statement

7、 n.聲明，闡述4. environment n.環(huán)境environmental adj.周圍的，環(huán)境的environmentalist n.環(huán)境保護(hù)主義者【練習(xí)】根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，用括號(hào)內(nèi)所提供詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1) The _ pointed out that the change of _ will cause certain great _ disaster.(environment) 2) It was _ that the new-elected president of U.S.A made a _ announcing new policies to reduce the conse

8、quence of economy crisis.(state)3) Though the two Party usually _ with each other, they have reached an _ on the levels of green house gases they will allow. (agree)4) In the survey, people found it funny that many of the longest-lasting marriages in _ are those between people who _ in frequent quar

9、rel.(exist)keys: 1) environmentalist; environment; environmental 2) stated; statement 3) disagree; agreement 4) existence; existIV 重點(diǎn)詞匯 （旨在提供綜合運(yùn)用所需材料）1. phenomenon n. 現(xiàn)象;奇跡，罕見的人才或事物 phenomena(pl.) 典例 1) Rain and snow are phenomena of the weather. 雨雪是天氣現(xiàn)象。2) Beethoven was a phenomenon among musicians

10、.貝多芬是音樂家中的天才。3) the phenomena of nature自然現(xiàn)象4) a social phenomenon社會(huì)現(xiàn)象練習(xí) 漢譯英1) 月蝕是一種罕見的現(xiàn)象。_2) 你能向我解釋下這一奇怪的自然現(xiàn)象嗎？_3) 盡管中途退出了2008年奧運(yùn)會(huì)，劉翔依然是跨欄項(xiàng)目的罕見的人才。_Keys: 1) An eclipse of the moon is a rare phenomenon. 2) Could you explain to me the strange natural phenomenon?3) Though quitting in the 2008 Beijing O

11、lympic Games, Liu Xiang is still a phenomenon in hurdle racing.2. tend vt. 趨向, 往往是；照管, 護(hù)理重點(diǎn)用法tendency n. 趨向，傾向（常與to/towards連用）典例1) Most of boys tend to enjoy playing basketball.大部分男孩都喜歡打籃球。2) The older women tend to believe in strangers easily.老人更容易輕信陌生人。3) A team of medical workers were sent to ten

12、d the survivors of wenchuan Earthquake.一組醫(yī)護(hù)人員被派去照料汶川地震的幸存者。4) Nowadays there is a growing tendency for people to shop on internet.如今人們網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物有增加的趨勢(shì)練習(xí) 漢譯英1) 處于壓力下的人更容易發(fā)揮自己的全部潛能。 _2) 當(dāng)老板不在時(shí)請(qǐng)他照看一個(gè)商店 _Keys: 1)People under stress tend to develop their full range of potential. 2) He was required to tend a st

13、ore in the owner's absence.3. state vt.聲明, 陳述 n.狀況，情況；國(guó)家重點(diǎn)用法state+名詞/that從句/wh-從句statement n. 聲明, 陳述典例1) She is in a terrible state today. 她今天心情不好。2) the head of state國(guó)家首腦3) He has publicly stated his support for the policy. 他已公開聲明他會(huì)支持那項(xiàng)政策。練習(xí) 漢譯英1) 合同清楚地?cái)⑹隽四琼?xiàng)工作應(yīng)在何時(shí)完成。 _2) 我聽見那位官員說不接納兒童。 _Keys: 1

14、) The contract stated when the work should be finished. 2) I heard the official state that they wouldnot accept children. 4. range n.行列, 范圍；vt. 排列, 歸類于重點(diǎn)用法beyond the range of超越的范圍out of ones range某人達(dá)不到的range oneself站在的方面range from to / between and 從到不等練習(xí) 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示，補(bǔ)全英語(yǔ)句子。1) The shop keeps_(商品品種多) . 2)_

15、(年齡范圍)i s from six to twelve years old.3)The temperature_(在15度到35度之間).4)We should _(列身于; 站在的方面)on the side of law and order.Keys: 1)a wide range of goods 2) The age range 3) ranges from 15 to 35 degrees 4)range ourselves5 average adj.平均的;一般的，普通的，中等的 n.平均，平均數(shù)典例1) His average result of this three subj

16、ects is 96. 他三科的平均成績(jī)是96。2) The average of 4, 8, and 60 is 24。 4、8和60的平均數(shù)是24。重點(diǎn)用法above the average 高于平均水平below the average在一般水平以下on the average平均, 按平均數(shù)計(jì)算; 一般地說練習(xí) 漢譯英1) 他在我們班處于中等位置。 _2）這一地區(qū)農(nóng)民的收入高于全省的平均水平。 _Keys: 1) He is an average student in our class. 2) The income of the farmers in this area is abo

17、ve the average of the province.6. existence n.生存典例1) Anything in existence is reasonable.所有的存在都是合理的。2) In the middle age, no one doubted about the existence of God中世紀(jì)時(shí)沒人懷疑上帝的存在重點(diǎn)用法in existence存在exist v.存在練習(xí) 漢譯英1) 富裕和貧窮同時(shí)存在于這個(gè)世界里。 _2） 人們認(rèn)為他是這個(gè)世界上最好心的人。 _Keys: 1) Wealth and poverty exist at the same t

18、ime in the world. 2) He is believed to be the kindest person in existence.7. refresh v.(使)精神振作, (使)精力恢復(fù), 更新典例1) When tired, you can refresh yourself with a cup of tea困時(shí)喝杯茶提神2) Refresh storage battery in case of being out of energy halfway.給蓄電池充電以免半路沒電。3) The host refreshed our teacups. 主人又為我們斟茶。練習(xí) 漢

19、譯英1) 長(zhǎng)時(shí)間工作后，一杯冰水使他精神振作。 _2) 有時(shí)一件小東西也會(huì)喚起人們的記憶 _Keys: 1) A cup of icy water refreshed him after a long times work. 2) Sometimes, a small thing all can refresh your memory V. 詞組1. come about 發(fā)生【典例】1) How did this come about? 這是怎么發(fā)生的? 2) I don't know how it came about but I've got a dent in the

20、rear of my car. 我不知道是怎么回事，但我的汽車后部有了一個(gè)凹痕。短語(yǔ)歸納 come along 出現(xiàn), 發(fā)生；come out 出來, 長(zhǎng)出；come to 達(dá)到；come to oneself 蘇醒, 醒悟；come up with 趕上, 提出【鏈接高考】It's already 10 o'clock. I wonder how it _ that she was two hours late on such a short trip. A. came over B. came out C. came about D. came up答案與分析：C。考查動(dòng)詞

21、come構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)。A為“過去”；B為“出來”；D為“出現(xiàn)，到來”；為“發(fā)生”。2. quantities of 大量的典例1) Before they enter an entrance examination, they have to do quantities of exercise.在參加入學(xué)考試前，他們得做大量的練習(xí)。2) He drinks large quantities of water every day.他每天都喝大量的水。短語(yǔ)歸納 A (large) quantity of /quantities of+名詞（可數(shù)/不可數(shù)）A mount of/ amounts of+

22、不可數(shù)名詞注意：以上短語(yǔ)修飾名詞充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，由quantity/amount的單復(fù)數(shù)決定謂語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)。練習(xí) 漢譯英1) 桌上擺滿大量的食物。 _2) 在這個(gè)地區(qū)僅提供少量的牛奶 _Keys: 1) Large quantities of food were on the table. 2) Only a small quantity of milk is offered in this area.3. result in 導(dǎo)致【典例】1) Stress and tiredness often result in a lack of concentration. 緊張和疲勞常使人精神不集中。2)

23、 Acting before thinking always results in failure. 做事不先考慮總會(huì)導(dǎo)致失敗.3) The accident resulted in the death of two people. 這場(chǎng)意外事故造成兩人死亡。4) Excessive dosage of this drug can result in injury to the liver. 這種藥使用過量會(huì)損害肝臟。短語(yǔ)歸納 lead to作“導(dǎo)致”result from 由.產(chǎn)生；as result 因此; 結(jié)果；as a result of作為.的結(jié)果; 由于.without resul

24、t 無(wú)效地, 毫無(wú)結(jié)果地； 練習(xí)根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示，補(bǔ)全英語(yǔ)句子。（每空一詞）1) 結(jié)果他們拯救了這座森林里90的樹木。_ _ _, they saved 90% of the trees in the forest.2) 我一直在想法打開箱子，但到現(xiàn)在這沒有沒打開。I've been trying to open the box, but _ _ so far.3) 此項(xiàng)工程的擱置已導(dǎo)致了6個(gè)人被解雇。The shelving of the project have_ _ six redundancy.4) 她勤奮苦讀，終于進(jìn)了中山大學(xué)。_ _ _ of her hard work was

25、 a place at Zhongshan University.Keys: 1) As a result 2) without result 3) resulted in 4)As a result 4. be opposed to 反對(duì)【典例】1) All the states in UN were opposed to the war launched by Israel.所有的聯(lián)合國(guó)成員國(guó)都反對(duì)以色列發(fā)起的這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。2) Many residents in Guangzhou are opposed to the plan of tearing down the old buildin

26、gs.廣州許多居民反對(duì)拆毀舊房子的計(jì)劃。短語(yǔ)歸納 表示反對(duì)：disagree with; object to; be against表示贊成：agree with; be in favour of; be for練習(xí) 漢譯英 1) 熱愛和平的人們都反對(duì)核反應(yīng)。 _2) 我們贊成她升為總裁 _Keys: 1)People loving peace are opposed to nuclear weapon. 2)We are in favor of her promotion to president.5. on behalf of 代表一方【典例】1) My husband could not

27、 be here tonight, but l want to thank you on his behalf.我丈夫今晚因故不能前來, 我代表他向你們致謝。2) We attended the global conference on behalf of our country.練習(xí) 漢譯英1) 很榮幸在這兒代表我的學(xué)校演出。 _2) 那個(gè)英雄的妻子代替她死去的丈夫接受了這枚勛章。 _Keys: 1) Im greatly honored to put on performance here on behalf of my school. 2) The heros wife accepted

28、 the medal on behalf of her dead husband.6put up with 忍受；容忍【典例】1) I'm not going to put up with this! 我再也受不了啦！2) We have to put up with her bad temper. 我們只得忍受她的壞脾氣。3) Noise is coming to the point where we can't put up with it. 噪音快到我們無(wú)法忍受的地步。短語(yǔ)歸納 put aside 節(jié)?。籶ut away儲(chǔ)存；put down寫下put off 延期； p

29、ut out 熄滅； put up 舉起；【鏈接高模】Tom would like to find somewhere to work because he can not _ the boss.A. come up with B. catch up with C. keep up with D. put up with答案與分析：D?？疾樵~組辨析。根據(jù)所給語(yǔ)境可知他無(wú)法 “忍受”這個(gè)老板。A項(xiàng)表示“想出”練習(xí) 漢譯英1) 在這種情況下，我們不得不忍受不便之處. _2) 不允許拖延付清帳單 _Keys: 1) In that situation, we had to put up with t

30、he inconvenience. 2) We are not allowed to put off paying the bills.7. so long as 只要【典例】1) As long as you don't betray me, I'll do whatever you ask me to (do). 只要你不出賣我，要我做什么我都愿意。2) As long as live, I will help you. 只要我活著，我都會(huì)幫助你。3) As long as you drive carefully, you will be very safe. 如果你開車小

31、心，你就會(huì)很安全。4) I don't mind as long as it doesn't rain. 只要不下雨就行了。短語(yǔ)歸納 on condition that 在的條件下練習(xí) 漢譯英1）如果我掙到足夠的錢，我就出國(guó)。 _2）只要你能給我們合適的原因，我們就會(huì)幫助你。 _Keys: 1)I will go abroad on condition that I earn enough money. 2) We will help you on condition that/as long as you can offer us the proper reason.VI 重

32、點(diǎn)句子 （旨在提供句子結(jié)構(gòu)等所需材料）Some byproducts of this process are called “greenhouse” gases, the most important one of which is carbon dioxide. 這個(gè)升溫過程的一些副產(chǎn)品就叫 “溫室”氣體,其中最重要的就是二氧化碳.解釋one/all/every/each/part of which(whom)引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，表示“他（它）們中的一個(gè)/所有/每/部分”典例1) I have three good friends, all of whom have emigrated to U

33、.S.A.我有三個(gè)好朋友，他們都移民美國(guó)了。2) Here are many kitties, two of which are yellow.這有許多小貓，其中兩只是黃色的。練習(xí) 漢譯英我有三個(gè)叔叔,其中最年輕的叔叔三年前去了澳洲. _Key: I have three uncles, the youngest one of whom went to Australia three years ago.二、課文要點(diǎn)1課文詞匯等填空（旨在復(fù)習(xí)本課文中的單詞拼寫和主要詞語(yǔ)等）根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容完成下面語(yǔ)法填空，注意單詞拼寫和詞語(yǔ)用法：When 1 (compare) with most natural

34、 changes, that the temperature of the earth rose about one degree Fahrenheit during the 20th century is quite shocking. And its human activity 2 has caused this 3 (全球的) warming rather 4 a random but natural 5 （現(xiàn)象）. Dr Janice Foster explains that we add huge 6 of extra carbon dioxide to the atmospher

35、e by burning fossil fuels. From the second 7 （圖表）and the discovery of Charles Keeling, all scientists believe that the burning of more and more fossil fuels has resulted 8 the increase in carbon dioxide. Greenhouse gases continue to build up. Some think that the trend would be a 9 (災(zāi)難). On the other

36、 hand, George Hambley 10 (聲明) that more carbon dioxide would encourage a greater range of animals and bring us a better life.答案：pared 2.that 3.global 4.rather 5.phenomenon 6.quantities 7.graph 8.in 9.catastrophe 10.states2課文大意概括 （旨在訓(xùn)練用30個(gè)單詞概括大意的能力）閱讀課文，試著用30來個(gè)單詞概括課文大意或翻譯下面短文。通過文章我們得知，地球的溫度正在上升。它也給我們

37、展示不同的想法和根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)圖表分析全球氣候變暖的原因，地球的溫度和增加可能造成的影響。 From the passage we know that _ 答案：From the passage we know that the temperature of the earth is rising. It also shows us different ideas about global warming and analyzes the causes of the earths increased temperature and the possible effects according to

38、the data from the graphs. 3課文佳句背誦與仿寫 （旨在培養(yǎng)對(duì)難句的理解和運(yùn)用能力）1.【原句】There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon. 毫無(wú)疑問，地球是在變暖，而地球變暖正是人類活動(dòng)導(dǎo)致而成，并非是一種無(wú)規(guī)律的自然現(xiàn)象。 模仿要點(diǎn) 句子結(jié)構(gòu)：there is no doubt that and that 句式 + it is that 強(qiáng)調(diào)句【模仿1】毫無(wú)疑問，圣誕節(jié)的慶?；顒?dòng)是一個(gè)很好的學(xué)習(xí)方式的西方文化;而且慶祝圣誕節(jié)，讓我們的生活更有趣。_答案：There is no doubt that the celebration of Christmas is a good way of learning the western culture and that it is the celebration of Christmas that makes our life more interesting.【模仿2】毫無(wú)疑問，太多的電腦