管理類聯(lián)考英語真題

1、管理類聯(lián)考英語真題及答案管理類聯(lián)考英語真題及答案12/12管理類聯(lián)考英語真題及答案啟用前絕密2013年全國碩士研究生入學一致考試管理類專業(yè)碩士學位聯(lián)考英語二考生注意事項考生一定嚴格恪守各項考場規(guī)則。答題前，考生應將答題卡上的“考生姓名”、“報考單位”、“考生編號”等信息填寫清楚，并與準考據上的一致。答案一定按要求填涂或寫在指定的答題卡上。1）英語應用、閱讀理解A部分的答案填涂在答題卡上，閱讀理解B部分、英譯漢的答案和作文的答案寫在答題紙上。2）填涂部分應當依據答題卡上的要求用2B鉛筆達成。如要變動，一定用橡皮擦潔凈。書寫部分（英譯漢的答案和作文）一定用藍（黑）色筆跡鋼筆、圓珠筆或署名筆在答題卡

2、上作答。答題卡禁止折疊?？荚嚱Y束后，將答題卡和答題紙一同放入原試卷袋中，試卷交給監(jiān)考人，禁止在檔案袋上填寫任何信息。2013年全國碩士研究生入學一致考試管理類專業(yè)碩士學位聯(lián)考英語試卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtexts.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblackandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)Giventheadvantagesofelectronicmoney,youmightthinkthatwewouldmovequicklytothe

3、cashlesssocietyinwhichallpaymentsaremadeelectronically._1_atruecashlesssocietyisprobablynotaroundthecorner.Indeed,predictionshavebeen_2_fortwodecadesbuthavenotyetcometofruition.Forexample,BusinessWeekpredictedin1975thatelectronicmeansofpaymentwouldsoonrevolutionizethevery_3_ofmoneyitself,onlyto_4_it

4、selfseveralyearslater.Whyhasthemovementtoacashlesssocietybeenso_5_incoming?Althoughelectronicmeansofpaymentmaybemoreefficientthanapaymentssystembasedonpaper,severalfactorswork_6_thedisappearanceofthepapersystem.First,itisvery_7_tosetupthecomputer,cardreader,andtelecommunicationnetworksnecessarytomak

5、eelectronicmoneythe_8_formofpaymentSecond,papercheckshavetheadvantagethatthey_9_receipts,somethingthatmanyconsumersareunwillingto_10_.Third,theuseofpaperchecksgivesconsumersseveraldaysoffloat-ittakesseveraldays_11_acheckiscashedandfundsare_12_fromtheissuersaccount,whichmeansthatthewriterofthecheckca

6、ncaminterestonthefundsinthemeantime._13_electronicpaymentsarcimmediate,theyeliminatethefloatfortheconsumer.Fourth,electronicmeansofpaymentmay_14_securityandprivacyconcerns.Weoftenhearmediareportsthatanunauthorizedhackerhasbeenabletoaccessacomputerdatabaseandtoalterinformation_15_there.Thefactthatthi

7、sisnotan_16_occurrencemeansthatdishonestpersonsmightbeabletoaccessbankaccountsinelectronicpaymentssystemsand_17_fromsomeoneelsesaccounts.The_18_ofthistypeoffraudisnoeasytask,andanewfieldofcomputerscienceisdevelopingto_19_securityissues.Afurtherconcernisthattheuseofelectronicmeansofpaymentleavesanele

8、ctronic_20_thatcontainsalargeamountofpersonaldata.Thereareconcernsthatgovernment,employers,andmarketersmightbeabletoaccessthesedata,therebyviolatingourprivacy.1.AHoweverBMoreoverCThereforeDOtherwise2.AoffBbackCoverDaround3.ApowerBconceptChistoryDrole4.ArewardBresistCresumeDreverse5.AsilentBsuddenCsl

9、owDsteady6.AforBagainstCwithDon7.AimaginativeBexpensiveCsensitiveDproductive8.AsimilarBoriginalCtemporaryDdominant9.AcollectBprovideCcopyDprint10.AgiveupBtakeoverCbringbackDpassdown11.AbeforeBafterCsinceDwhen12.AkeptBborrowedCreleasedDwithdrawn13.AUnlessBUntilCBecauseDThough14.AhideBexpressCraiseDea

10、se15.AanalyzedBsharedCstoredDdisplayed16.AunsafeBunnaturalCuncommonDunclear17.AstealBchooseCbenefitDreturn18.AconsiderationBpreventionCmanipulationDjustification19.AcopewithBfightagainstCadapttoDcallfor20.AchunkBchipCpathDtrailSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.An

11、swerthequestionsaftereachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)Text1Inanessayentitled“MakingItinAmerica”,theauthorAdamDavidsonrelatesajokefromcottonaboutjusthowmuchamoderntextilemillhasbeenautomated:Theaveragemillonlytwoemployeestoday,”amanandadog.Themanistheretofeedthedogis

12、theretokeepthemanawayfromthemachines.”Davidsonsarticleisoneofanumberofpiecesthathaverecentlyappearedmakingthepointthatthereasonwehavesuchstubbornlyhighunemploymentanddecliningmiddle-classincomestodayisalsobecauseoftheadvancesinbothglobalizationandtheinformationtechnologyrevolution,whicharemorerapidl

13、ythaneverreplacinglaborwithmachinesorforeignworker.Inthepast,workerswithaverageskills,doinganaveragejob,couldearnanaveragelifestyle,But,today,averageisofficiallyover.Beingaveragejustwontearnyouwhcantwhensomanymoreemployershavesomuchmoreaccesstosomuchmoreaboveaveragecheapforeignlabor,cheaprobotics,ch

14、eapsoftware,cheapautomationandcheapgenius.Therefore,everyoneneedstofindtheirextra-theiruniquevaluecontributionthatmakesthemstandoutinwhateveristheirfieldofemployment.Yes,newtechnologyhasbeeneatingjobsforever,andalwayswill.Buttheresbeeacceleration.AsDavidsonnotes,”Inthe10yearsendingin2009,U.S.factori

15、esshedworkerssofastthattheyerasedalmostallthegainsoftheprevious70years;roughlyoneoutofeverythreemanufacturingjobs-about6millionintotal-disappeared.Therewillalwaysbechanged-newjobs,newproducts,newservices.ButtheonethingweknowforsureisthatwitheachadvanceinglobalizationandtheI.T.revolution,thebestjobsw

16、illrequireworkerstohavemoreandbettereducationtomakethemselvesaboveaverage.Inaworldwhereaverageisofficiallyover,therearemanythingsweneedtodotosupportstemployment,butnothingwouldbemoreimportantthanpassingsomekindofG.I.Billforthe21centurythatensuresthateveryAmericanhasaccesstopoet-highschooleducation.T

17、hejokeinParagraph1isusedtoillustrate_theimpactoftechnologicaladvancesthealleviationofjobpressuretheshrinkageoftextilemillsthedeclineofmiddle-classincomesAccordingtoParagraph3,tobeasuccessfulemployee,onehasto_workoncheapsoftwareaskforamoderatesalaryadoptanaveragelifestylecontributesomethinguniqueTheq

18、uotationinParagraph4explainsthat_gainsoftechnologyhavebeenerasedjobopportunitiesaredisappearingatahighspeedfactoriesaremakingmuchlessmoneythanbeforenewjobsandserviceshavebeenofferedAccordingtotheauthor,toreduceunemployment,themostimportantis_toacceleratetheI.T.revolutiontoensuremoreeducationforpeopl

19、eroadvanceeconomicglobalizationtopassmorebillsinthe21stcenturyWhichofthefollowingwouldbethemostappropriatetitleforthetext?NewLawTakesEffectTechnologyGoesCheapAverageIsOverRecessionIsBadText2Acenturyago,theimmigrantsfromacrosstheAtlanticincluedsettlersandsojourners.Alongwiththemanyfolkslookingtomakea

20、permanenthomeintheUnitedStatescamethosewhohadnointentiontostay,and7millinpeoplearrivedwhileabout2milliondeparted.AboutaquarterofallItalianimmigrants,forexanmle,eventuallyreturnedtoItalyforgood.Theyevenhadanaffectionatenickname,“uccellidipassaggio,”birdsofpassage.Today,wearemuchmorerigidaboutimmigran

21、ts.Wedividenemcomersintotwocategories:legalorillegal,goodorbad.WehailthemasAmericansinthemaking,orourbrokenimmigrantionsystemandthelongpoliticalparalysisoverhowtofixit.Wedontneedmorecategoriesneedtochangethewaywethinkaboutcategories.Weneedtolookbeyondstrickdefinitionsoflegalandillegal.Tostart,wecanr

22、ecognizethenewbirdsofpassage,thoselivingandthrivinginthegrayareas.Wemightthenbegintosolveourimmigrationchallenges.Croppickers,violinists,constructionworkers,entrepreneurs,engineers,homehealth-careaidesandphysicistsareamongtodaysbirdsofpassage.Theyareenergeticparticipantsinaglobaleconomydrivenbythefl

23、owofwork,moneyandideas.Theyprefertocomeandgoasopportunitycallsthem,Theycanmanagetohaveajobinoneplaceandafamilyinanother.Withorwithoutpermission,theystraddlelaws,jurisdictionsandidentitieswithease.WeneedthemtoimaginetheUnitedStatesasaplacewheretheycanbeproductiveforawhilewithoutcommittingthemselvesto

24、stayingforever.Weneedthemtofeelthathomecanbebothhereandthereandthattheycanbelongtotwonationshonorably.Accommodatingthisnewworldofpeopleinmotionwillrequirenewattitudesonbothsidesoftheimmigrationbattle.Lookingbeyondtheculturewarlogicofrightorwrongmeansopeningupthemiddlegroundandunderstandingthatmanagi

25、ngimmigrationtodayrequiresmultiplepathsandmultipleoutcomes.Includingsomethatarenoteasytoaccomplishlegallyintheexistingsystem.“Birdsofpassage”referstothosewho_immigrateacrosstheAtlantic.leavetheirhomecountriesforgood.stayinaforegintemporaily.findpermanentjobsoverseas.Itisimpliedinparagraph2thatthecur

26、rentimmigrationstystemintheUS_needsnewimmigrantcategories.hasloosenedcontroloverimmigrants.shouldbeadoptedtomeetchallenges.hasbeenfixeedviapoliticalmeans.28.Accordingtotheauthor,todaysbirdsofpassagewant_fiancialincentives.aglobalrecognition.opportunitiestogetregularjobs.thefreedomtostayandleave.Thea

27、uthorsuggeststhatthebirdsofpassagetodayshouldbetreated_asfaithfulpartners.witheconomicfavors.withregaltolerance.asmightyrivals.Ceandgo:bigmistake.livingandthriving:greatrisk.withorwithout:greatrisk.legalorillegal:bigmistake.Text3Scientistshavefoundthatalthoughwearepronetosnapoverreactions,ifwetakeam

28、omentandthinkabouthowwearelikelytoreact,wecanreduceoreveneliminatethenegativeeffectsofourquick,hard-wiredresponses.Snapdecisionscanbeimportantdefensemechanisms;ifwearejudgingwhethersomeoneisdangerous,ourbrainsandbodiesarehard-wiredtoreactveryquickly,withinmilliseconds.Butweneedmoretimetoassessotherf

29、actors.Toaccuratelytellwhethersomeoneissociable,studiesshow,weneedatleastaminute,preferablyfive.Ittakesawhiletojudgecomplexaspectsofpersonality,likeneuroticismoropen-mindedness.ButsnapdecisionsinreactiontorapidstimuliarentexclusivetotheinterpersonalrealmPsychologistsattheUniversityofTorontofoundthat

30、viewingafast-foodlogoforjustafewmillisecondsprimesustoread20percentfaster,eventhoughreadinghaslittletodowitheating.Weunconsciouslyassociatefastfoodwithspeedandimpatienceandcarrythoseimpulsesintowhateverelseweredoing,Subjectsexposedtofast-foodflashesalsotendtothinkamusicalpiecelaststoolong.Yetwecanre

31、versesuchinfluences.Ifweknowwewilloverreacttoconsumerproductsorhousingoptionswhenweseeahappyface(onereasongoodsalesrepresentativesandrealestateagentsarealwayssmiling),wecantakeamomentbeforebuying.Ifweknowfemalejobscreenersaremorelikelytorejectattractivefemaleapplicants,wecanhelpscreenersunderstandth

32、eirbiases-orhireoutsidescreeners.JohnGottman,themarriageexpert,explainsthatwequickly“thinslice”informatioonlyafterwegroundsuchsnapreactionsin“thicksliced”long-termstudy.WhenDr.Gottmwantstoassesswhetheracouplewillstaytogether,heinvitesthemtohisislandretreatforamucklongerevaluation;twodays,nottwosecon

33、ds.Ourabilitytomuteourhard-wiredreactionsbypausingiswhatdifferentiatesusfromanimals:dogecanthinkaboutthefutureonlyintermittentlyorforafewminutes.Buthistoricallywehavespentabout12percentofourdayscontemplatingthelongerterm.Althoughtechnologymightchangethewaywereact,ithasntchangedournature.Westillhavet

34、heimaginativecapacitytoriseabovetemptationandreversethehigh-speedtrend.Thetimeneededinmakingdecisionsmay_.varyaccordingtotheurgencyofthesituationprovethecomplexityofourbrainreactiondependontheimportanceoftheassessmentpredeterminetheaccuracyofourjudgmentOurreactiontoafast-foodlogoshowsthatsnaodecisio

35、ns_.canbeassociativearenotunconsciouscanbedangerousarenotimpulsiveToreversethenegativeinfluencesofsnapdecisions,weshould_.trustourfirstimpressiondoaspeopleusuallydothinkbeforeweactaskforexpertadviceJohnGottmansaysthatreliablesnapreactionarebasedon_.criticalassessmentBthinslicedstudysensibleexplanati

36、onadequateinformationTheauthorsattitudetowardreversingthehigh-speedtrendis_.tolerantuncertainoptimisticdoubtfulText4Europeisnotagender-equalityheaven.Inparticular,thecorporateworkplacewillneverbecompletelyfamilyfriendlyuntilwomenarepartofseniormanagementdecisions,andEurope,stopcorporate-governancepo

37、sitionsremainoverwhelminglymale.indeed,womenholdonly14percentofpositionsonEuropecorporateboards.TheEuropeUnionisnowconsideringlegislationtocompelcorporateboardstomaintainacertainproportionofwomen-upto60percent.Thisproposedmandatewasbornoffrustration.Lastyear,EuropeCommissionVicePresidentVivianeRedin

38、gissuedacalltovoluntaryaction.Redinginvitedcorporationstosignupforgenderbalancegoalof40percentfemaleboardmembership.Butherappealwasconsideredafailure:only24companiestookitup.DoweneedquotastoensurethatwomencancontinuetoclimbthecorporateLadderfairyastheybalanceworkandfamily?“Personally,Idontlikequotas

39、,”Redingsaidrecently.“Butilikewhatthequotasgetaction:they“openthewaytoequalityandtheybreakthroughtheglassceiling,”Reding,aresultseeninFranceandothercountrieswithlegallybindingprovisionsonplacingwomenintopbusinesspositions.IunderstandRedingsreluctance-andherfrustration.Idontlikequotaseither;theyrutom

40、ybeliefinmeritocracy,governmentbythecapable.Bur,whenoneconsiderstheobstaclestoachievingthemeritocraticideal,itdoeslookasifafairerworldmustbetemporarilyordered.Afterall,fourdecadesofevidencehasnowshownthatcorporationsinEuropeastheUSareevadingthemeritocratichiringandpromotionofwomentotoppositionnomatt

41、erhowmpressure”isputuponthem.Whenwomendobreakthroughtothesummitofcorporatepower-as,forexample,SherylSandbergrecentlydidatFacebooktheyattractmassiveattentionpreciselybecausetheyremaintheexceptiontotherule.IfappropriatepubicpolicieswereinplacetohelpallwomenwhetherCEOsortheirchildrencaregivers-andallfa

42、milies,Sandbergwouldbenomorenewsworthythananyotherhighlycapablepersonlivinginamorejustsociety.IntheEuropeancorporateworkplace,generally_.womentaketheleadmenhavethefinalsaycorporategovernanceisoverwhelmedseniormanagementisfamily-friendlyTheEuropeanUnionsintendedlegislationis_.areflectionofgenderbalan

43、ceareluctantchoiceCaresponsetoRedingscallavoluntaryactionAccordingtiReding,quotasmayhelpwomen_.gettopbusinesspositionsseethroughtheglassceilingbalanceworkandfamilyanticipatelegalresults39.TheauthorsattitudetowardRedingsappealisoneof_.skepticismobjectivenessindifferenceapprovalWomenenteringtopmanagem

44、entbecomeheadlinesduetothelackof_.moresocialjusticemassivemediaattentionsuitablepublicpoliciesgreater“softpressure”PartBDirections:Youaregoingtoreadalistofheadingsandatext.ChoosethemostsuitableheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrachoicesintherightcolumn.Markyouranswer

45、onANSWERSHEET1.(10points)LivelikeapeasantBalanceyourdietShopkeepersareyourfriendsRemembertotreatyourselfSticktowhatyouneedPlanningiseverythingWastenot,wantnotThehugelypopularblogtheSkintFoodiechronicleshowTonybalanceshisloveofgoodfoodwithlivingonbenefits.Afterbills,Tonyhas60aweektospend,40ofwhichgoe

46、soyearsagohewasearning130,000aIyearworkingincorporatecommunicationsandeatingatLondonsbetftrestaurantsatleasttwiceaweek.Thenhismarriagefailed,hiscareerburnedoutandhisdrinkingbecameserious.Thecommunitymentalhealthteamsavedmylife.AndIfeltlikethatagain,toacertaindegree,whenpeoplerespondedtotheblogsowell

47、.ItgavemethevalidationandconfidencethatIdlost.Butitsstilladay-by-daything.Nowheslivinginacouncilflatandfieldingoffersfromliteraryagents.Hesfeelingpositive,buthellcarryonblogging-notabouteatingascheaplyasyoucan-therearesomanypeopleinamuchworsestate,withbarelyanymoneytospendonfood-buteatingwellonabudg

48、et.Hereshisadviceforeconomicalfoodies.41._Impulsivespendingisntanoption,soplanyourweeksmenuinadvance,makingshoppinglistsforyouringredientsintheirexactquantities.IhaveanExceltemplateforaweekofbreakfast,lunchanddinner.Stoplaughing:itsnotjustcosteffectivebuthelpsyoubalanceyourdiet.Itsalsoagoodideatosho

49、pdailyinsteadofweekly,because,being-human,youllsometimeschangeyourmindaboutwhatyoufancy.42._Thisiswheresupermarketsandtheiranonymitycomeinhandy.Withthem,theresnembarrassmentaswhenbuyingonecarrot.Inalittlegreengrocer.Andifyouplanproperly,youknowthatyouonlyneed,say,350gofshinofbeefandsixrashersofbacon

50、,notwhateverweightisper-packedinthesupermarketchiller.43._Youmayproudlyclaimtoonlyhavefrozenpeasinthefreezerthatsnotgoodenougfilledwithleftovers,bread,stock,meatandfish.Planningaheadshouldeliminatewastage,butifyouhavesurplusvegetablesyoulldoavegetablesoup,andallfruitsthreateningto“gcookedorjuiced.44

51、._Everyonesaysthis,butitreallyisatoptipforfrugalcaters.Shopatbutchers,delisandfish-sellersregularly,evenforsmallthings,andbesuperfriendly.Soonyoullfeelcaskingiftheyveanyknucklesofhamforsoupsandstews,orbeefbones,chickencarcassesandfishheadsforstockwhich,moreoftenthannot,theyllletyouhaveforfree.45._Yo

52、uwontbeeatingoutalot,butsaveyourpenniesandonceeveryfewmonthstreatyourselftoasetlunchatagoodrestaurant1.75aweekforthreemonthsgivesyou21moreforathree-courselunchatMichelin-starredArbutus.Its16.95thereor12.99fromDominos:IknowwhichIdrathereat.SectionIIITranslation46.Directions:Translatethefollowingtextf

53、romEnglishintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationonANSWERSHEET2.(15points)Icanpickadatefromthepast53yearsandknowinstantlywhereIwas,whathappenedinthenewsandeventhedayoftheweek.IvebeenabletodothissinceIwasfour.Ineverfeeloverwhelmedwiththeamountofinformationmybrainabsorbs.Mymindseemstobeabletocopeandtheinform

54、ationisstoredawayneatly.WhenIthinkofasadmemory,Idowhateverybodydoes-trytoputittooneside.Idontthinkitsharderformejustbecausemclearer.Powerfulmemorydoesntmakemyemotionsanymoreacuteorvivid.IcanrecallthedaymygrandfatherdiedandthesadnessIfeltwhenwewenttothehospitalthedaybefore.Ialsorememberthatthemusical

55、playHairopenedonBroadwayonthesamedaytheybothjustpopintomymindinthesameway.SectionIVWritingPartA47.Directions:Supposeyourclassistoholdacharitysaleforkidsinneedofhelp.WriteyourclassmatesanemailtoDoDo1)informthemaboutthedetailsand2)encouragethemtoparticipate.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSERESHEET2.no

56、tsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter,Usenotwritetheaddress.(10points)“LiMing”instead.PartB48.Directions:Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingchartinyourwriting,youshould1)interpretthechart,and2)giveyourcomments.Youshouldwriteatleast150words.WriteyouressayonANSERESHEET2.(15points)某高校學生兼職狀況2013年mba英語真題詳解MBA考

57、試網參照答案：HoweveraroundconceptreverseslowagainstexpensivedominantprovidegiveupbeforewithdrawnBecauseraisestoreduncommonstealpreventioncopewithtrailtheimpactoftechnologicaladvances例子題contributesomethingunique細節(jié)題jobopportunitiesaredisappearingatahighspeed細節(jié)題toensuremoreeducationforpeople細節(jié)題AverageisOver要旨題26.stayinaforeigncountrytemporarily詞義題shouldbeadaptedtomeetchallenges推測題thefreed