中譯英技巧-否定句翻譯課件

1、否定句翻譯否定句翻譯全部否定否定句含believe, consider, expect, fancy, fear, hope, feel, imagine, suppose, think, trust 等表心理活動的動詞時, not 通常否定該動詞后面的內(nèi)容全部否定否定句含believe, consider, exp科學(xué)家們認為, 計算機不可能在所有領(lǐng)域中都代替人。 Scientists do not believe that computers can replace man in every field.科學(xué)家們認為, 計算機不可能在所有領(lǐng)域中都代替人。她覺得她再也不能忍受她丈夫的侮辱。S

2、he doesnt feel that she can stand her husbands insult any longer.我們相信他們是不會反對你的建議的。I dont believe that they will oppose your proposal.她覺得她再也不能忍受她丈夫的侮辱。漢語否定謂語，英譯時否定主語物質(zhì)必須運動，否則就沒有做功。Matter must move, or no work is done.如果沒有太陽，什么都不能生存。Without the sun, nothing could live.漢語否定謂語，英譯時否定主語這里周圍，無論是蒼蠅還是蚊子，一只也找

3、不到。Not a fly nor a mosquito was found around here.在這些電路中沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)任何缺陷。No defects have been found in these circuits.這里周圍，無論是蒼蠅還是蚊子，一只也找不到。謂語否定轉(zhuǎn)移至狀語否定中國在任何時間和任何情況下都不會首先使用核武器。At no time and under no circumstances will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.謂語否定轉(zhuǎn)移至狀語否定中國在任何時間和任何情況下都不會首先使狀語否定轉(zhuǎn)移至謂語有時孩子們下棋并不

4、全是為了娛樂。Sometimes the children dont play chess for amusement.在含目的狀語的否定句中，有時not 并不否定其后的動詞，而是否定句中的目的狀語狀語否定轉(zhuǎn)移至謂語部分否定用否定詞not 來否定表示全部概念的詞, 如: both, all, every (everything, everybody, everywhere) 等。這些詞都是表示“所有、每一個、兩者都”等概念的, 如果用no t 否定這些詞就使句子產(chǎn)生了部分否定之義, 表示“不都”,“并非都”等部分否定用否定詞not 來否定表示全部概念的詞, 如: b并不是每個人都會喜歡它 Ev

5、erybody wouldnt like it= Not everybody would like it并非每種疾病都用同樣的方法治療。Every disease is not cured in the same way.并不是每個人都會喜歡它并非兩個建議都被委員會所采納。Not both suggestions are accepted by the committee.不是所有關(guān)于她的情況我都知道。I dont know everything about her.中譯英技巧-否定句翻譯課件在否定句中用連詞and 連接兩個狀語、表語、定語、賓語等時, 也表示部分否定, 否定and 之后的部分

6、。He is not a bright and diligent boy. 他并不是個既聰明又勤奮的孩子。(聰明但并不勤奮)在否定句中用連詞and 連接兩個狀語、表語、定語、賓語等時,延續(xù)否定從前線回來的人說起白求恩，沒有一個不佩服，沒有一個不為他的精神所感動。No one who returned from the front failed to express admiration for Bethune whenever his name was mentioned, and none remained unmoved by his action.延續(xù)否定從前線回來的人說起白求恩，沒有一

7、個不佩服，沒有一個不這頭大象不像一堵墻，不像長矛，不像蛇，不像樹也不像扇子。The elephant isnt like a wall or a spear, or a snake, or a tree, neither is he like a fan.中譯英技巧-否定句翻譯課件解放前，他是個趕大車的，連自己的生活都難以維持，更不用說養(yǎng)家了。Before liberation he was a cart-driver who could hardly keep body and soul together, let alone support his family.解放前，他是個趕大車的，連

8、自己的生活都難以維持，更不用說養(yǎng)家那時，我們連電腦都沒有，更不用說電子郵件和因特網(wǎng)了。At that time we didnt have computers, to say nothing of e-mail and internet.中譯英技巧-否定句翻譯課件雙重否定句巧婦難為無米之炊。 You cant make something out of nothing.我們學(xué)校幾乎沒有學(xué)生不會說英語。 Few students in our college cannot speak English.雙重否定句巧婦難為無米之炊。 對于會議的結(jié)果, 我們是有準備的。 We are not unpr

9、epared for the outcome of the conference.必要時我們定會幫助你。We shall not fail to help you when necessary. 對于會議的結(jié)果, 我們是有準備的。漢語肯定形式譯成英語否定形式這些細菌要再溫度達到一百攝氏度時才會死亡。These bacteria will not die until the temperature reaches 100.所有機器在運轉(zhuǎn)時都要損失能量There is no machine but will lose energy when in motion.漢語肯定形式譯成英語否定形式這些細菌

10、要再溫度達到一百攝氏度時漢語雙重否定英譯雙重否定沒有足夠的加速度，地球衛(wèi)星是不能進入太空的。The earth satellite would not get into space without enough acceleration.沒有科學(xué)技術(shù)知識要建設(shè)社會主義是不可能的。Without knowledge of science and technology it is impossible to build socialism.漢語雙重否定英譯雙重否定沒有足夠的加速度，地球衛(wèi)星是不能進入Gases cannot be quickly compressed without generat

11、ing heat. 氣體迅速壓縮就一定會產(chǎn)生熱量。The flowing of electricity through a wire is not unlike that of water through a pipe.電流通過導(dǎo)線就像水流過管子一樣Gases cannot be quickly compreThere is nothing unexpected.一切都在預(yù)料中。The errors are too obvious for us not to see them. 那些錯誤太明顯，我們一眼就看出來了。There is nothing unexpected.He was glad

12、because he wouldnt have to send me away without buying anything.他總算能買點什么讓我?guī)ё?，這令他很高興。中譯英技巧-否定句翻譯課件含否定意義的動詞 動詞(詞組) : 英語中有不少動詞或動詞詞組, 形式肯定,卻暗含否定概念, 所以漢譯時用反譯法譯成否定句。常見的有: fail, forbid, forget, deny, hesitate, lack, wonder, miss, lose, neglect, ignore, escape, resist, decline, doubt, reject, deprive, refra

13、in, free/keep/save/protect/prevent/stop/ persuade from ,含否定意義的動詞 動詞(詞組) : 英語中有不少動詞或動詞那部車無法爬上那個山坡。The car failed to climb the hill.他們不準這陌生人進入室內(nèi)。They excluded the stranger from entering the room.你沒有射中靶子。You have just missed the target.那部車無法爬上那個山坡。公共場合請勿吐痰。Please refrain from spitting in the public pla

14、ces.下雨了，他沒法出去。Rain prevented him from going out.中譯英技巧-否定句翻譯課件欺騙與他的本質(zhì)格格不入。 Deception is foreign to his nature.他所做的事沒有達到要求。 What he has done falls short of the requirements. 中譯英技巧-否定句翻譯課件含否定意義的形容詞 形容詞(詞組) : 英語中有不少形容詞(詞組) , 肯定的形式暗含著否定概念, 漢譯時用反譯法譯成否定句。常見的有absent (from ) , empty of, free, far from , igno

15、rant of, innocent, different (from ) , least, lost, reluctant, short of, vacant, hard, devoid of, other than, foreign to 等。含否定意義的形容詞 形容詞(詞組) : 英語中有不少形容詞他是個寡言少語的人。He is a man of few words.這地方?jīng)]有天花和瘟疫。The place is safe from smallpox and plague.他不懂拉丁文。He is quite ignorant of Latin.他是個寡言少語的人。一些固定句型結(jié)構(gòu): 1)

16、 形容詞(副詞) 的比較級+ than to do 結(jié)構(gòu)在某些條件下蘊含著一種因果關(guān)系。當比較級表示原因, than 后的不定式表示結(jié)果則含有強烈的否定意思。你英語掌握得這么好, 不該犯這樣的錯誤You have a better command of English than to make such mistakes. 一些固定句型結(jié)構(gòu): 1) 形容詞(副詞) 的比較級+ tha2) more than+ 含有can 的從句這種結(jié)構(gòu)表面是超出限度, 實際上是一種力所不能及的否定, 譯為“不能”。那地方景色之美非筆墨所能形容。 The beauty of the place is more

17、than I can describe. 2) more than+ 含有can 的從句這種結(jié)構(gòu)表面是3) be + anything but+ 名詞/形容詞該結(jié)構(gòu)是一種語氣很強的否定表達方式, 譯為“根本不是”、“一點也不”。這項任務(wù)根本不容易The task was anything but easy. 3) be + anything but+ 名詞/形容詞該結(jié)4) 主語+ be+ the last+ 名詞+ 不定式/定語從句此結(jié)構(gòu)是一種強有力的否定方式, 意思為“決不至于, 最不(可能) 的”。 我怎么也沒料到會在這地方見到你This is the last place where I

18、 expected to meet you. 4) 主語+ be+ the last+ 名詞+ 不定式/定5)在“否定詞十but”的結(jié)構(gòu)中, but 當作關(guān)系代詞用, 相當于“which/who/that not”, 具有否定含義, 也構(gòu)成雙重否定句差小多每個星期她都要給父母信。 Scarcely a week passes but she writes to her parents.5)在“否定詞十but”的結(jié)構(gòu)中, but 當作關(guān)系代詞用,6) nothing (nobody, now here, none) so but無論只要就(便) ; 無論多么困難的事, 只要實踐便會變得容易The

19、re is no thing so difficult but it becomes easy by practice.6) nothing (nobody, now here, 我全然不知道下一步該怎么辦。I am quite at a loss what to do next.他對所有的警告充耳不聞。He turns a deaf ear to all warnings.我全然不知道下一步該怎么辦。對他計劃將公司出售一事，我們一直蒙在鼓里We were kept completely in the dark about his plan to sell the company.我真不知該如何感謝你的恩惠。Your kindne