英語被動語態(tài)精講精練課件-高考英語復習

被動語態(tài)--ByJudyXuHowtodescribethispictureinEnglish?主動：AbeatsB.被動：BwasbeatenbyA.一.語態(tài)的概念1.英語的語態(tài)有兩種：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。

主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者。

被動語態(tài)表主語是動作的承受者。注意：一般來說只有及物動詞（短語）才有被動語態(tài)。動作的執(zhí)行者一般由介詞by引出。二.被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)1.被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)：助動詞be+過去分詞,動作的執(zhí)行者一般由介詞by引出.例句：1.Footballisplayedallovertheworld.2.Thehousewasdestroyedintheearthquake.3.Thebookhasbeentranslatedintomanylanguages.2.被動語態(tài)的使用場合：①強調(diào)動作的承受者。②動作發(fā)出者未知或不便說出。Thenewswasrevealedbyconcernedsources.（這個消息是有關(guān)人士透露的）三.時態(tài)與語態(tài)一般完成進行現(xiàn)在am/is/aredonehave/hasbeendoneam/is/arebeingdone過去was/weredonehadbeendonewas/werebeingdone將來shall/willbedonewill/shallhavebeendone

過去將來should/wouldbedoneshould/wouldhavebeendone注意：將來進行時和完成進行時，沒有被動語態(tài)。將來完成時的被動語態(tài)和過去將來完成時都不常用，所以重點掌握其它八種就可以。各種時態(tài)中的被動語態(tài)舉例1.Manycoursesaredesignedtomeetthestudents’needs.2.InearlyMay,studentsofkindergartens,primaryandmiddleandhighschoolsinBeijingwereaskednottogobacktocampusaftertheMayDayholidayinordertoprevent（防止）infectionriskssincethecitywasreportingdozensofnewlocallytransmitted(傳染，傳遞)casesdaily.各種時態(tài)中的被動語態(tài)舉例3.Examineeswhoviolatedtestregulationswillbestrictlypunishedtopreservethefairnessofgaokao.4.AstudentfromShanghaiInternationalStudiesUniversityhasbeenexpelledafterhewasfoundtohavespiked（在...中偷偷摻入）anotherstudent'sdrink.5.AssummerfarmingproceedsacrossChina,smartfacilitieslikeautomatedtractorsarebeingwildlyused.四.被動語態(tài)與句式只有以下三種句式有被動語態(tài)：1.主語+謂語+賓語2.主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語3.主語+謂語+賓語+補語why？1.主語+謂語+賓語句型如何主動變被動？例：The

government

hastakenmanyeffectivemeasurestopreventthiskindofthingfromhappeningagain.Manyeffectivemeasures

havebeentaken

bythegovernmenttopreventthiskindofthingfromhappeningagain.主語謂語賓語主語謂語狀語Haveatry.2.Youmustnottakethesemagazinesoutofthereading-room.Thesemagazinesmustnotbetakenoutofthereadingroom.1.Judyhasinvitedyoutoalunchparty.YouhavebeeninvitedtoalunchpartybyJudy.2.主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語

Arichman

gave

meabigbagofmoney.Abigbagofmoney

wasgivento

me

byarichman.主語謂語間接賓語直接賓語主語謂語賓語狀語2.主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語Haveatry.

1.Hetoldusastory．2.Hermothergaveheranewpen．Weweretoldastory（byhim）．或：Astorywastoldtousbyhim．Anewpenwasgiventoherbyhermother．含雙賓語的主動結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)時，有兩種方法：①將間接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，直接賓語保持不變；②將直接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，間接賓語用介詞to或for引導。Haveatry.

1.Hepassedmeabook.2.Mymothermademeacake.Abookwaspassedtomebyhim.或：Iwaspassedabookbyhim.Acakewasmadeformebymymother.或：Iwasmadeacakebymymother.3.主語+謂語+賓語+賓補We

consider

Yaoming

anexcellentplayer.Yaoming

wasconsidered

anexcellentplayer.主謂賓賓補主謂賓Haveatry.

1.Isawhimoutwithhisfather.2.WefoundNingbogreatlychanged.3.Theyaskedthedrivertostopinfontofthehotel.Hewasseenoutwithhisfather.Ningbowasfoundgreatlychanged.Thedriverwasaskedtostopinfrontofthehotel.總結(jié)：被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)被動語態(tài)=主語+及物動詞過去分詞+by+動作發(fā)出者被動語態(tài)的時間和單復數(shù)時態(tài)主語be動詞及物動詞過去分詞by動作發(fā)出者狀語一般現(xiàn)在Thekidiskissedbyhermothereveryday一般過去Thewomanwascheatedyeaterday一般將來Cakeswillbeeatentomorrow現(xiàn)在進行Aletterisbeingwrittenbythestudentnow五.其它被動語態(tài)1）某些連系動詞如smell，feel，taste，sound，prove等可表達被動含義。如:Thestorysoundsinteresting.Theapplesmellsnice.Sheprovedtobeathief.Theclothfeelssoft.五.其它被動語態(tài)

2）某些表示“發(fā)生”（happen，takeplace）“爆發(fā)”（breakout/burstout）和“傳播（spread）”等不及物動詞在句子中表達被動含義。如:Greatchangeshavetakenplacetheseyearsinmyhometown.Wordspreadfastthattheareawastobedemolished.Fiercewarbrokeoutinthealreadypoorcountry.五.其它被動語態(tài)

3）由介詞for，on，above，under等構(gòu)成的短語經(jīng)?？梢员磉_被動含義。如:Andsomeofherfamousphotosareondisplayinthisexhibition.ondisplay是主動形式，表示被動的含義。on+

under+

for+show/exhibitiondistruction/arrest/attackdiscussion/examination/medicaltreatment/repairsale/rent/五.其它被動語態(tài)

4）形容詞worth后面跟動名詞表示被動含義。如:Thebookisworthreading.Thisideaiswellworthconsidering.區(qū)別worth和worthyworth：用法同介詞，后接名詞、代詞、數(shù)字或動詞的-ing形式worthy：ofsb/sthAsuccessfulendingisnottheonlythingworthyofacelebration.五.其它被動語態(tài)

在need，want，require，deserve和bear等詞的后面，動名詞用主動形式表示被動含義，它的含義相當于動詞不定式的被動形式。如：①Needdoingsth.“需要被做”Thewatchneedsrepairing.=Thewatchneedstoberepaired.②Wantdoingsth.“想要被做”Thehairwantscutting.=Thehairwantstobecut.③Requiredoingsth.“需要被做”Englishrequiresreadingmoreoften.=Englishrequiredtobereadmoreoften.六.被動形式表主動含義1）一些固定詞組，它們的被動形式通常表示主動意義。例如：beconcernedwith/about（關(guān)心），bedressedin（穿著）.behidden（躲藏起來），belocated（位于），belostin（陷入，迷路），beseated（就座）等。That‘sfine，asfaraswe’reconcerned.Aftereveryonewasseated，theteacherbegantoreadtheresult.六.被動形式表主動含義

2）還有一些動詞構(gòu)成的被動形式也表示主動意義。這類詞組有:beusedto（習慣于），bedetermined（決心，決定），beprepared（準備）等。如:Iamusedtoreadingbooksinthemorning.Bedeterminedtoswimandyoucoulddiscoverawholenewyou.只有下定決心去乘風破浪，你就一定能找到一個全新的自己。Bepreparedforlotsofrejectionsbeforeyoulandajob.Practice1.ThefarmersaidthePLA(People'sLiberationArmy)mencametorescuetimelywhenthey_____inthesnowstorm.A．weretrappingB．werebeingtrappedC．a(chǎn)retrapping

D．a(chǎn)rebeingtrappedItisthethirdtimesofarthatsuchafestival________inmyhometown.A．isheld

B．hasbeenheldC．willbeheld D．hadbeenheldPractice3.Onlybyincreasingthenumberofdoctorsby50percent_______properlyinthishospital.A．canbethepatientstreatedB．thepatientscanbetreatedC．canthepatientsbetreatedD．treatedcanbethepatientsPractice4．Itwasthenaturaldisaster,ratherthanhumanerrors,that________forthedeathofsomanyinnocentpeople.A．a(chǎn)reblamed

B．wastoblame C．wasblamed

D．weretoblame5．––Aretherepairsfinishedyet?––Yes,they______whenIcamebackhome.A．wouldbecompletedB．wouldcompleteC．hadcompleted

D．hadbeencompletedPractice

6．Variousef