海綿動(dòng)物和刺細(xì)胞動(dòng)物

海洋生境和非海洋生境中的動(dòng)物門類海洋特有兩者兼有陸上特有海洋特有兩者兼有扁行動(dòng)物海綿動(dòng)物有爪動(dòng)物曳鰓動(dòng)物緩步動(dòng)物櫛水母動(dòng)物腔腸動(dòng)物星蟲動(dòng)物線蟲動(dòng)物中生動(dòng)物內(nèi)肛動(dòng)物縊蟲動(dòng)物線型動(dòng)物顎咽動(dòng)物紐型動(dòng)物須腕動(dòng)物苔蘚動(dòng)物動(dòng)吻動(dòng)物腹毛動(dòng)物棘皮動(dòng)物軟體動(dòng)物鎧甲動(dòng)物輪蟲動(dòng)物毛顎動(dòng)物環(huán)節(jié)動(dòng)物帚蟲動(dòng)物棘頭動(dòng)物半索動(dòng)物節(jié)肢動(dòng)物腕足動(dòng)物內(nèi)肛動(dòng)物脊索動(dòng)物目前一頁\總數(shù)二十八頁\編于十五點(diǎn)Traditionalprotostome/原口動(dòng)物Deuterostome/后口動(dòng)物Parazoa/側(cè)生動(dòng)物Coelom/體腔Coelomata/體腔動(dòng)物traditionalphylogeny目前二頁\總數(shù)二十八頁\編于十五點(diǎn)rRNAphylogeny目前三頁\總數(shù)二十八頁\編于十五點(diǎn)Spnoges(phylum:Spongia)

海綿動(dòng)物門ComplexaggregationsofspecializedcellsCellindependentandnotformingtruetissuesAmongthestructurallysimplestmulti-cellularanimalsNearlyallspongesaremarineAllaresessile/固著Amazingvarietyofshapes,sizes,andcolors6000speciesmarine目前四頁\總數(shù)二十八頁\編于十五點(diǎn)Relativelysimplebodyplan/簡單的身體構(gòu)造Numeroustinypores(ostia/口、門-surface)Filterwater---5timesvolumeofitsbodyperminNetworkofcanals---relativelyflexibleskeletalframework---spongytextureClassifiedasthephylumPoriferaor“porebearers”多孔動(dòng)物

出水孔目前五頁\總數(shù)二十八頁\編于十五點(diǎn)CellsSpecializedforfunctionCellularleveloforganizationVeryplastic;species-specific目前六頁\總數(shù)二十八頁\編于十五點(diǎn)Spongestructure/海綿結(jié)構(gòu)Pinacocyte/胞飲細(xì)胞PorecellsCollarcellsOsculum/出水孔AmebocytesSpongin/海綿絲Spicules/海綿針游走細(xì)胞目前七頁\總數(shù)二十八頁\編于十五點(diǎn)FeedingSuspensionfeeders:feedingonparticularorganicmattersuspendedinthewaterFilterfeeders:passive&active目前八頁\總數(shù)二十八頁\編于十五點(diǎn)Depositfeeders

---Feedingonparticulateorganicmatter(thatsettlesonthebottom)目前九頁\總數(shù)二十八頁\編于十五點(diǎn)Asexullyreproduction/無性繁殖Asexually:branchesorbudbreakoff目前十頁\總數(shù)二十八頁\編于十五點(diǎn)Sexullyreproduction/有性繁殖SexuallyGametesNotbygonadsFertilization

InternalSpermenterDevelopment

EarlystageinsideParenchymulalarva(planktonic)中實(shí)幼體目前十一頁\總數(shù)二十八頁\編于十五點(diǎn)TubularspongefromtheCaribbeanEncrustingspongefromHawaiiCorallinespongeatadepthof52minPuertoRico圓球海綿千姿百態(tài)的海綿世界目前十二頁\總數(shù)二十八頁\編于十五點(diǎn)BrowntubularspongeinFlorida(red,purple,browntubularsponges)YellowspongebeneathAntarctic目前十三頁\總數(shù)二十八頁\編于十五點(diǎn)InHongKong目前十四頁\總數(shù)二十八頁\編于十五點(diǎn)海綿的開發(fā)和應(yīng)用利用淺水生物已制造出能治療濾過性毒菌感染的海綿核苷美國海港海洋研究所在數(shù)萬種無脊椎動(dòng)物和微生物中尋找有用成分，迄今最大的成功就是從一種深海海綿中提取的化合物，已經(jīng)進(jìn)入治療胰腺癌的臨床試驗(yàn)。還有人在研究用稱為竹珊瑚的深海生物作為人工骨骼朗訊公司的貝爾實(shí)驗(yàn)室正在研究深海海綿如何在低溫下生長出強(qiáng)度和導(dǎo)光性都比光纖更好的玻璃骨架目前十五頁\總數(shù)二十八頁\編于十五點(diǎn)Cnidarians/腔腸動(dòng)物EvolutionoftissuesNextlevelafterspongeSimpleswimRespondtoexternalstimuliSpecializednervecellsEngulfprey/吞食性捕食Seaanemones,jellyfishes,coralsetc.目前十六頁\總數(shù)二十八頁\編于十五點(diǎn)RadialSymmetry/放射對稱Similarpartsofbody/身體各部位的相似性Nohead,frontorback/無頭、前部、腹部區(qū)分Oralsurface,aboralsurface/有口面，對口面Centrallylocatedmouthsurroundedbytentacles/口位于中心，觸手長于四周Gutisablindcavitywithonlyoneopening,mouth目前十七頁\總數(shù)二十八頁\編于十五點(diǎn)Twobasicforms/兩種基本形狀Polyp:sac-likeattachedstage（水螅型）Medusa:bell-likeorjellyfish,adaptedforswimming（水母型）目前十八頁\總數(shù)二十八頁\編于十五點(diǎn)Tentacle/觸手stickyorarmedwithalongtubethatwrapsaroundpartsofprayDischargenematocysttocapturesmallprey目前十九頁\總數(shù)二十八頁\編于十五點(diǎn)Nematocyst/刺絲胞Uniquestingingstructurefoundwithincellsinthetentacle/觸手Consistofafluid-filledcapsulecontainingathread/刺絲thatcanbequicklyejected目前二十頁\總數(shù)二十八頁\編于十五點(diǎn)Typesofcnidarians/

腔腸動(dòng)物種類10,000speciesHydrozoa/水螅綱Scyphoza/水母綱

(Cubozoa/方水母綱)Anthozoa/珊瑚綱目前二十一頁\總數(shù)二十八頁\編于十五點(diǎn)Hydrozoans水螅綱WiderangeofformsAttachedcoloniesReproductionmechanicscomplexlifehistoriesPlanula/浮浪游體目前二十二頁\總數(shù)二十八頁\編于十五點(diǎn)Lifecycleofhydrozoan

目前二十三頁\總數(shù)二十八頁\編于十五點(diǎn)Scyphozoa/水母綱MedusaisdominantstagePolypissmall，releasingjuvenilemedusaRoundbody,bigsize,upto3mLimitedswimability,carriedbycurrentDangerousmarineanimals

目前二十四頁\總數(shù)二十八頁\編于十五點(diǎn)Scyphozoans/水母綱目前二十五頁\總數(shù)二十八頁\編于十五點(diǎn)DeepOceanSpecies

目前二十六頁\總數(shù)二十八頁\編于十五點(diǎn)Anthozoa/珊瑚綱PolyplackmedusastageGutcontainingseveralth