（統(tǒng)考版）高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)必修1Unit3Celebration課時(shí)提能練（含解析）北師大版

課時(shí)提能練(五)必修1Unit3Celebration(A)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2020·山西八校聯(lián)考)ManyAmericansspendThanksgivingwithfamilyandfriendsaroundatableofroastturkey，sweetpotatoesandcranberrysauce.Butforothers，it'sacompetition.AcrosstheUnitedStates，thereareconteststoseewhocaneatthemostpumpkin(南瓜)pie.TheseeventsstartinOctoberandcontinuethroughThanksgiving.ElkGrove，CaliforniahoststheWorldPumpkinPieEatingChampionship.MattStoniewonin2014byeating20pounds,13ouncesofpumpkinpiein8minutes.Inotherwords，about9andahalfkilograms.Thatwasa“worldrecord”，reportedbytheMajorLeagueEating(MLE)inNewYorkCity.Stoniewon$5,000.TheMLEwebsitepraisedStonie:“Likeasilentcarattopspeeddrivingpastyouonthehighway；liketheboxerwithlightningblows；likeaspeedskaterinaverytightbodysuit，longlimbsstretchingfasterthantheclockcantick.Thegreatonemakesitlookeasy.”Someofthepumpkinpieeatingcontestsareturnedintogluttony(暴飲暴食)．Othershaveamorelight-heartedapproachtopumpkinpieeatingcontests.StudentsattheDuthieCenterforEngineeringinLouisville，KentuckypostedtheirpumpkinpieeatingcontestonFacebook.Itwasafriendlysocialaffair.InBroomfield，Colorado，theirTurkeyDaycelebrationtakesadifferentapproach.Theyholdapumpkinpieeatingcontest，butcontestantsjusthavetoeatonepieceofpie(oraboutone-sixthofapie)asfastaspossible.There'sa5-kilometerraceanda10-kilometerraceafterwards，forthosewhowanttoloseweight.AndatPumpkinPalooza—apumpkinpieeatingcontestinSparks，Nevada—theorganizersnoteontheirwebsite，“Thewinnersarechosenbyaudienceapplause，sostyle，talentandhumorarethe_be-all_and_end-all.”【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了美國感恩節(jié)各地舉辦的吃南瓜餡餅的比賽。1．WhatdoesMLEwebsitepraiseStonieforinParagraph3?A．Hiseasymanner.B．Hiseffortlessspeed.C．Hishugeeatingamount.D．Hisdynamicperformance.B[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Likeasilentcar...makesitlookeasy.”，可知是通過把Stonie吃南瓜餡餅的速度與汽車、拳擊手和速滑運(yùn)動員的速度進(jìn)行對比來突出Stonie吃的速度以及他給觀眾的毫不費(fèi)力的感覺。故選B。]2．Whoseapproachiscontrarytothelight-heartedapproach?A．MajorLeagueEating.B．WorldPumpkinPieEatingChampionship.C．TheTurkeyDayracesinBroomfield，Colorado.D．PumpkinPaloozainSparks，Nevada.B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段可知，WorldPumpkinPieEatingChampionship比的是誰吃得最多，這當(dāng)然不會是輕松的(light-hearted)。故選B。]3．WhatdopeoplevaluemostintheTurkeyDaycelebrationinBroomfield?A．Health. B．Energy.C．Competition. D．Skill.A[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“contestantsjusthavetoeatonepieceofpie(oraboutone-sixthofapie)asfastaspossible...forthosewhowanttoloseweight”可知，在這里參加比賽的人只比賽吃一塊南瓜餡餅的速度，隨后的賽跑是為那些要減輕體重的人準(zhǔn)備的，故可推知，在Broomfield的TurkeyDaycelebration中，人們最注重健康。故選A。]4．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedphrase?A．Random.B．Playful.C．Endless. D．Vital.D[詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線部分前的“Thewinnersarechosenbyaudienceapplause，sostyle，talentandhumor”可知，這個(gè)比賽的勝者由觀眾的掌聲選出，因此可推知，參賽者的風(fēng)格、才能和幽默感很重要，故vital與畫線部分意義相近。故選D。]B(2020·陜西省百校聯(lián)盟一模)Weallknowthefeelingofwakingupinthemiddleofthenightwithapoundingheartandsweatypalms.Relax，yousaytoyourself—itwasjustabaddream.Well，itmaybethatyoureallyshouldrelax，becausenightmaresmightactuallybegoodforyou.AccordingtoNewYorkmagazine，baddreamscanimproveyourmentalhealth.Abaddreamtendstobebasedonareal-lifeconcern，forexample，anapproachingtestorafearofaperson.Toeliminatetheseworries,thebrainturnsthedreamintoastoryintheformofabaddream.Abaddreamenablesyoutodistanceyourselffromyouranxieties，andturnsomethingyou'reworriedaboutnowintoamemory.Theresultisthatwhenyouwakeupyou'reabletomoveforwardandfacethefuture.Astudy，featuredinTheAtlanticmagazine，showedsomethingsimilar.Inasurveyofmorethan700Frenchstudentstakingamedicalschoolentranceexam，over60percenthadnegativedreamsaboutthetestthenightbefore.Theseincludednotfinishingontime，leavingaquestionblank，orbeinglate.Thosewhoreporteddreamsabouttheexam，evenbadones，didbetteronitthanthosewhodidn't，suggestingthatnightmaresdoinfactprepareusforthefuture.“Wethinknightmaresaresocommonthattheyhavesomepurposetoprocessstressors，”AnneGermain，directoroftheSleepCenterattheUniversityofPittsburgh，said.So，thenexttimeyoulieawakeatnightafterabaddream，rememberthatitmaybethebrain'swayofputtingyourfearsbehindyouandreadyingyouforthefuture.Althoughanightmaremaymakeyouafraidintheshortterm，itmightbehelpingyoutomoveonfromthebadstuffyoumightbefacingintherealworld.Perhapsweshouldtrytoacceptournightmaresratherthanallowthemtokeepusawake.Afterall，lackofsleepcausesfarmoreproblemsthandreamsdo.【語篇解讀】我們都有做噩夢的經(jīng)歷，都有過半夜醒來時(shí)心臟怦怦直跳、手心冒汗的感覺。但是研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，噩夢可能對我們有好處，噩夢可以改善我們的精神健康。5．Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“eliminate”inParagraph2?A．Remove.B．Reflect.C．Satisfy. D．Strengthen.A[詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Abaddreamenablesyoutodistanceyourselffromyouranxieties，andturnsomethingyou'reworriedaboutnowintoamemory”可知，一個(gè)糟糕的夢能讓你遠(yuǎn)離焦慮，把你現(xiàn)在擔(dān)心的事情變成記憶。由此可推知，畫線詞的含義與“remove”的含義相近，故A項(xiàng)符合題意。]6．Whydoestheauthormentionthestudyinthefourthparagraph?A．Toshowmedicalschoolentranceexamswillcauseanxiety.B．Toshowthosewhohavenightmareswilldoworseinanexam.C．Toshowmostofthestudentswillbestressedbeforeanexam.D．Toshownightmareshelpstudentsperformbetterinanexam.D[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“Astudy，featuredinTheAtlanticmagazine，showedsomethingsimilar”可知，該段提到的研究表明的內(nèi)容與上文所述(噩夢改善你的精神健康，讓你能夠前進(jìn))有相似之處；根據(jù)第四段最后一句可知，那些報(bào)告夢到考試的人，即使是做噩夢的人，也比那些沒有夢到的人做得更好，這表明噩夢確實(shí)使我們?yōu)槲磥碜龊脺?zhǔn)備。由此可推知，作者提到該研究的目的在于表明噩夢幫助學(xué)生在考試中表現(xiàn)得更好。故選D。]7．Accordingtotheauthor，whatshouldwedoifwehaveabaddream?A．Weshouldkeepourselvesawake.B．Weshouldrelaxandgoonsleeping.C．Weshouldstudybaddreamscarefully.D．Weshouldpreventitfromhappening.B[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段最后兩句“Perhapsweshouldtrytoacceptournightmaresratherthanallowthemtokeepusawake.Afterall，lackofsleepcausesfarmoreproblemsthandreamsdo”可知，作者認(rèn)為，我們應(yīng)該試著接受我們的噩夢，而不是讓它們使我們保持清醒；畢竟，睡眠不足造成的問題比做夢多得多。由此可推知，我們做了噩夢應(yīng)該放松并繼續(xù)睡覺。故選B。]8．Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A．Adiary. B．Aguidebook.C．Anovel. D．Amagazine.D[文章出處題。文章屬于說明文，介紹了關(guān)于噩夢的作用的研究，故本文最有可能出自科學(xué)類或健康類雜志。故選D。]Ⅱ.完形填空(2020·湖北省部分重點(diǎn)中學(xué)第一次聯(lián)考)Peoplegettrulyhappyandsuccessfulbybecomingthebestandthemostgenuine(真實(shí)的)versionofthemselves，notontheoutside—ontheinside.It'snotaboutabrandora__1__.It'saboutreality：whoyoureallyare.Itsoundssimple，Iknow.Theproblemisit'sveryhardtodo.Ittakesalotofwork，anditcantakealifetimeto__2__itout.__3__worthdoinginlifeisevereasy.Ifyouwanttodogreatwork，it'sgoingtotakealotofhardworktodoit.Andyou'regoingtohavetobreakoutofyourcomfortzoneandtakesome__4__thatwillscareyousomuch.Butwhat'sthe__5__oflifeifyoucannotfindyourselfandtrytobecomethebest?That'swhatSteveJobs__6__whenhesaid：Yourtimeis__7__，sodon'twasteitlivingsomeoneelse'slife.Don'tletthenoiseofothers'opinionsdrownout(淹沒)yourowninner__8__.Youhaveto__9__something—yourgut(直覺)，fate，life，or__10__.Thisapproachhasneverletmedown，andithas__11__tomylife.Now，let'sbe__12__aboutthisforamoment.Insightfulasthatadvicemaybe，itsoundsalittletoo__13__toresonate(引起共鳴)withtoday'squick-fixculture.Thesedays，ifyoucan'ttellpeopleexactlywhattodoandhowtodoit，itwill__14__deafears.Notonlythat，butwhatJobswastalkingabout，orwhatI'mtalkingabout，requiresfocusanddiscipline，twothingsthatareveryhardto__15__thesedays.Why？Becausefocusanddisciplinearehard.It'ssomucheasierto__16__todistraction(分心)．There'sabusinessconceptcalledopportunitycost.Whenyouchooseonecourseofaction，youwillmissoutonalltheotheropportunitiesyoumightchooseto__17__.People__18__stoptoconsiderthatuntilit'stoolate.Andyet，theopportunityforadventureisrightthereinfrontofeachandeveryoneofus.Untilyoutakeit，you'llneverknowwhatyoumight__19__.Allyouhavetodoisto__20__thejourney.So，takeaction!【語篇解讀】人們通過成長為最好和最真實(shí)的自我才會得到真正的成功和快樂。只有通過不斷探索，及時(shí)行動，才能抓住機(jī)會，有所成就。1．A.personalityB．qualityC．talent D．reputationD[前文講到，人們通過成長為最好和最真實(shí)的自己才會得到真正的成功和快樂，這是從內(nèi)心而言的，而非外表。根據(jù)空前的abrand可知，此處所說的也應(yīng)是外在的東西。reputation意為“聲譽(yù)；名聲”，符合語境。]2．A.putB．leaveC．figure D．checkC[根據(jù)前文的“it'sveryhardtodo”和空前的“Ittakesalotofwork”可知，此處應(yīng)表示，實(shí)現(xiàn)真正的自我并不簡單，可能需要一生的時(shí)間才能弄明白。figureout意為“搞清楚，弄明白”，符合語境。]3．A.EverythingB．AnythingC．Something D．NothingD[根據(jù)后文的“it'sgoingtotakealotofhardworktodoit”可知，此處應(yīng)表示，生活中任何值得做的事情從來都不容易。故Nothing符合語境。]4．A.rewardsB．chancesC．a(chǎn)dvantages D．responsibilitiesB[根據(jù)空前的“breakoutofyourcomfortzone”和空后的“scareyousomuch”并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，此處應(yīng)指你將必須走出舒適區(qū)，去抓住那些會讓你非?？謶值臋C(jī)會。chance意為“機(jī)會”，符合語境。]5．A.aimB．senseC．effect D．resultB[結(jié)合常識和選項(xiàng)可知，此處應(yīng)表示，如果不去發(fā)現(xiàn)自我，盡力做最好的自己，人生又有什么意義呢？sense意為“意義”，符合語境。]6．A.plannedB．meantC．mentioned D．informedB[根據(jù)空后的“whenhesaid”和后文他的話可知，此處應(yīng)表示這就是喬布斯說這些話的意思。mean意為“意思是”，符合語境。]7．A.endlessB．a(chǎn)bundantC．random D．limitedD[根據(jù)常識及空后的“sodon'twasteit”可知，此處與后文為語義上的因果關(guān)系。故此處應(yīng)指時(shí)間有限。limited意為“有限的”，符合語境。]8．A.mindB．voiceC．a(chǎn)ction D．heartB[根據(jù)空前的“others'opinions”可推知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)為個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn)。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可推知，此處應(yīng)指，不要讓他人的觀點(diǎn)淹沒了你內(nèi)心的聲音。voice意為“聲音；意見”，符合語境。]9．A.trustB．denyC．a(chǎn)dmire D．forgetA[前文提到，不要讓他人的觀點(diǎn)淹沒了你自己內(nèi)心的聲音。根據(jù)后文的gut,fate和選項(xiàng)可推知，此處應(yīng)指一定要相信些什么，如你的直覺等。trust意為“信任；信賴”，符合語境。]10．A.howeverB．whicheverC．whenever D．whateverD[根據(jù)空前的gut,fate和表示選擇的連詞or可推知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)相信心懷信念的重要性，無論是相信你的直覺、命運(yùn)、生命或是任何東西，總之，要心懷信念。故whatever符合語境。]11．A.drawncloseattentionB．a(chǎn)ttachedgreatimportanceC．madeallthedifferenceD．touchedarawnerveC[根據(jù)空前的“neverletmedown”可知，此處應(yīng)指這個(gè)方法一直沒有讓“我”失望，對“我”的生活產(chǎn)生了重要影響。makeallthedifference意為“影響很大”，符合語境。]12．A.realisticB．enthusiasticC．energetic D．optimisticA[根據(jù)后文的“too____toresonate(引起共鳴)withtoday'squick-fixculture”可知，盡管前文提出的觀點(diǎn)很有價(jià)值，但在如今的快節(jié)奏文化中未必現(xiàn)實(shí)。realistic意為“現(xiàn)實(shí)的”，符合語境。]13．A.challengingB．dynamicC．fragile D．consistentA[根據(jù)空前的as可知，此處前后文之間應(yīng)為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故此處應(yīng)指這個(gè)建議或許很有見地，但聽完卻讓人無從著手，難以運(yùn)用到當(dāng)今的快節(jié)奏文化中。challenging意為“有挑戰(zhàn)性的”，符合語境。]14．A.turnoutB．bringaboutC．fallon D．involveinC[根據(jù)常識和選項(xiàng)可推知，此處應(yīng)指，現(xiàn)如今，如果一個(gè)建議講不清具體該做什么，該怎么做的話，那么說了也會遭人忽視。fallonadeafear意為“(建議、警告)遭人忽視，不被理睬”，符合語境。]15．A.comebyB．standbyC．lookback D．careforA[根據(jù)空后的“Becausefocusanddisciplinearehard.”可知，集中注意力和自我約束都很難，故此處應(yīng)指這兩種事情在如今都很難得到。comeby意為“得到”，符合語境。]16．A.getdownB．giveinC．giverise D．payattentionB[根據(jù)前文的“focusanddisciplinearehard”可知，此處應(yīng)指專注和自律都很難，而向分心屈服就容易多了。即人們很容易分散注意力。giveinto意為“屈服于，對……讓步”，符合語境。]17．A.preserve B．createC．pursue D．a(chǎn)bandonC[根據(jù)空前的“missoutonalltheotheropportunities”和常識可知，選擇一種行動方案會錯(cuò)失所有其他你可能選擇去追求的機(jī)會。pursue意為“追尋”，符合語境。]18．A.frequently B．rarelyC．a(chǎn)ctively D．passivelyB[根據(jù)前文的“opportunitycost”可知，機(jī)會成本指每做出一種選擇就意味著錯(cuò)失很多其他的機(jī)會。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，此處應(yīng)指人們停下來考慮這一點(diǎn)時(shí)已經(jīng)太晚。即人們很少能考慮到這一點(diǎn)。rarely意為“很少，幾乎不”，符合語境。]19．A.achieve B．surviveC．believe D．relieveA[根據(jù)前文的“theopportunityforadventureisrightthere”和“Untilyoutakeit”可知，此處應(yīng)指每個(gè)人都有機(jī)會去探索，如果你不去做，你就永遠(yuǎn)不知道你能獲得什么成就。achieve意為“取得，達(dá)到”，符合語境。]20．A.enjoy B．expectC．design D．startD[根據(jù)最后一句中的“takeaction”可知，此處應(yīng)指你要做的就是采取行動，馬上開始。故start符合語境。]課時(shí)提能練(六)必修1Unit3Celebration(B)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2020·合肥市第二次教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測)AnewstudyrecentlyfoundthatelephantsinCentralAfricanforestscanencouragethegrowthofslow-growingtreesandincreasetheabilityoftheforesttostorecarbon.“Asatree，there'satrade-off—youcan'thaveitall，”explainedFabioBerzaghi，wholedthestudy.“Youeitherinvestenergyingrowingfast，orinbuildingalotofstructurewithcarbontobemoreresistant.”Elephantsprefertoeatfast-growingtreesinmoreopenspaces.Astheyfeedandwalk，theycausedamagetothesespecies，knockingovertreesorbreakingoffbranches，whichresultsinanecosystemthatfavorslarge，slow-growinghardwoodtrees.“Astheelephantsthintheforest，theyincreasethenumberofslow-growingtreesandtheforestiscapableofstoringmorecarbon，”saidStephenBlake，oneofthepaper'sauthors.ScientistscollectedfieldmeasurementsintheCongoBasinandusedacomputermodeltopredicthowelephantswouldaffectforeststructure，andcarbonstoragepotentialinthelongterm.Thedataconfirmedthatwhenelephantsarepresent，theforestcontainslargertreesandhigherabundanceofspecieswithhighwooddensity.Conversely(相反地)，shouldforestelephantsgoextinct，leavingthoseslow-growingtreesstrugglingtocompetewithfast-growingspecies，itwouldresultina7percentlossofabove-groundbiomass(生物量)．Asaresult，CentralAfricanforestscouldloseuptothreebilliontonsofcarbon，potentiallyacceleratingclimatechange.Thesadrealityisthathumansaredoingtheirbesttoridtheenvironmentofelephants.“Thisstudycomesatatimewhenforestelephantsarethreatenedasneverbefore，”saidIainDouglas-Hamilton，founderofSavetheElephants.“ItisshockingthatjustaswearebeginningtounderstandhowelephantsmighthaveakeyroleinAfricainstoringcarbon，theyareunderrealthreatofextinction.”O(jiān)nelimitationofthestudy，Mr.Berzaghisaid，isthatwedonotknowhowmuchcarbonhasalreadybeenlostbecauseoftheelephants'decline.Butitdoesseemcertain，headded，thatputtingastoptoillegalhuntingandrestoringforestelephantpopulationswouldbringclimatebenefits.【語篇解讀】最近一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在中非森林中活動的大象能促進(jìn)生長緩慢的樹木的生長，并能提高森林貯存碳的能力。人類非法獵殺大象不僅會使大象面臨滅絕的威脅，而且會對氣候造成不良影響。1．Whatcanweinferaboutslow-growingtreesinParagraph2?A．Theyareelephants'favoritefood.B．Theyareeasilyhurtbyelephants.C．Theycanhelpforestsstorecarbon.D．Theymayreduceelephantpopulations.C[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段尾句中StephenBlake所說的話“Astheelephantsthintheforest，theyincreasethenumberofslow-growingtreesandtheforestiscapableofstoringmorecarbon”可知，大象的活動增加了生長緩慢的樹木的數(shù)量，這使森林能貯存更多的碳。據(jù)此可以推知，生長緩慢的樹木有利于森林貯存碳，故C項(xiàng)正確。]2．WhatwouldhappenwithoutelephantslivinginCentralAfricanforests?A．Climatechangewouldpossiblybespedup.B．Theforeststructurewouldremainunchanged.C．Theforestswouldlosemorefast-growingtrees.D．Largertreeswoulddefeatfast-growingspecies.A[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后兩句“Conversely(相反地)，shouldforestelephants...potentiallyacceleratingclimatechange”可知，如果森林中的大象滅絕，那些生長緩慢的樹木將努力地與生長迅速的物種競爭，這將導(dǎo)致地面生物量減少7%。其結(jié)果是，中非森林將失去高達(dá)30億噸的碳，這有可能加速氣候變化。據(jù)此可以推知，如果中非森林中沒有大象，則該地區(qū)的氣候可能會加速變化，故A項(xiàng)正確。]3．WhatdidMr.Berzaghisuggestpeopledo?A．Leadalow-carbonlife.B．Evaluatethecarbonloss.C．Stopdestroyingforests.D．Protectforestelephants.D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)本文尾句“Butitdoesseemcertain...wouldbringclimatebenefits”可知，Berzaghi先生認(rèn)為，停止非法捕殺并恢復(fù)森林中大象的數(shù)量，會給氣候帶來好處。據(jù)此可知，Berzaghi先生提議保護(hù)森林中的大象，故D項(xiàng)正確。]4．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．HumansandNatureLiveinHarmonyB．ElephantsDisappearinPartsofAfricaC．ClimateD．ElephantsDefendAgainstClimateChangeD[標(biāo)題判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文第一句和最后一句概括了全文的主旨，又結(jié)合文中的其他內(nèi)容可知，本文通過分析中非森林中大象的活動對氣候變化的影響，說明了保護(hù)森林中的大象對氣候有好處，故D項(xiàng)最適合作本文標(biāo)題。]B(2020·貴州省普通高等學(xué)校招生適應(yīng)性測試)There'soneeasythingyoucandoeverydaytolivelongerandhappier，accordingtoarecentstudy，andithasnothingtodowithdiet，exercise，orcuttingoutbadhabits.Areviewofnearly150studieswithmorethan300,000participantsfoundthathavingactivesocialcirclesdecreasesyourchancesofdyingby50percent，regardlessofage，genderormedicalhistory.“Whenwe'resocial，welivelonger，”Dr.KelliHardingnoted.“Lonelinessismoreofariskfactortohealththanotherknownriskfactors，likehighbloodpressureandobesity.”ThefindingsarewrittenupinDr.Harding'snewbook,TheRabbitEffect，whichisabouthowkindness，ratherthanlaughter，maybethebestmedicine.Thebookgetsitstitlefromafamous1978studyoftherelationshipbetweencholesterol(膽固醇)andhearthealthinrabbits.Researchersaccidentallydiscoveredthatthoserabbitsthatreceivedthemostaffectionfromtheirhumanhandlerslivedmuchlongerthantheothers.Weliveinaworldwheremostofoursocialinteractionshappenthroughourphones.Buttogetthehealthbenefitsofamoreactivesocialcircle，youdon'thavetothrowawayyourdeviceandjoinabookclub.Morecasualinteractionswithneighbors，shopowners，andothersyoumeeteverydaycando_the_trick.Increasingly，thoserelationshipscanstartonline.That'swhereNextdoorcomesin.Thestatedpurposeofthecompanyis“tocultivateakinderworldwhereeveryonehasaneighborhoodtheycandependon”．Whenaskedforadviceononethingyoucandotolivelongerandhappier，Dr.Hardingsaiditperfectly，“Bekind.It'sactuallyprettyamazinghowmucheachpersoncanmaketheworldabetter，kinder，healthierplace.Itreallytakesverylittleandyouneverknowtheimpactyouhaveonsomebody.”【語篇解讀】研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，孤獨(dú)比高血壓、肥胖等對人的健康危害大，而積極的社交活動能延長人的壽命。本文還介紹了成為友善的人能讓人活得更久、更快樂。5．WhatdoweknowaboutTheRabbitEffect?A．Itstitlecomesfromastudy.B．It'sareportabouthearthealth.C．Laughtercouldcurediseases.D．Rabbitscouldhelplivelonger.A[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Thebookgetsitstitlefromafamous1978studyoftherelationshipbetweencholesterol(膽固醇)andhearthealthinrabbits”可知，《兔子效應(yīng)》這本書的書名來自1978年所做的一項(xiàng)兔子中膽固醇和心臟健康的關(guān)系的研究，故A項(xiàng)正確。]6．What'sthepurposeofNextdoor?A．Toadvocateonlineshoppingtosavetime.B．Tooffertheneighborhoodsportsfacilities.C．Tosettletheargumentsamongthefamilies.D．Tocreateaharmoniouscommunitytorelyon.D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段尾句“Thestatedpurposeofthecompanyis‘tocultivateakinderworldwhereeveryonehasaneighborhoodtheycandependon’”可知，Nextdoor的目的是建立一個(gè)更友善的世界，在那里每個(gè)人都有一個(gè)可以依靠的社區(qū)，故D項(xiàng)正確。]7．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“dothetrick”inParagraph4mean?A．Improvehealthandwellness.B．Setuponlinerelationships.C．Buildahappyandwarmfamily.D．Keepawayfrombadhabits.A[詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段第二句可知，為了從一個(gè)比較積極的社交圈中得到健康好處，你不用扔掉你的設(shè)備，加入一個(gè)書友會；結(jié)合第三句“Morecasualinteractionswithneighbors，shopowners，andothersyoumeeteverydaycandothetrick”可知，和鄰居、商店店主以及你每天遇到的人較隨意的互動可以改善健康。故A項(xiàng)正確。]8．WhatcanbeinferredfromDr.Harding'swordsinthelastparagraph?A．Wecanlookforakindneighborhood.B．Weshouldbekindtoanimalsinthewild.C．Everysmallactofkindnesscanmakeadifference.D．Allkindsofsocialactivitiescanmakeabetterworld.C[推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段Dr.Harding所說的話“Bekind.It'sactuallyprettyamazing...youneverknowtheimpactyouhaveonsomebody”可知，Dr.Harding告誡人們要善良，他認(rèn)為每個(gè)人小小的付出都能讓世界變得更美好、更友善、更健康；你永遠(yuǎn)不知道你對某個(gè)人的影響。據(jù)此可以推知，每一個(gè)小的善舉都會有作用，故C項(xiàng)正確。]Ⅱ.閱讀七選五(2020·深圳市普通高中第二次測試)Youknowthateatinghealthily，stayingactive，andplayingafewbraingamescanhelpyouhaveagoodmemory.Butthefollowinglesser-knownhabitsworkwonderstoo.1．__1__Whenwesitwithourshouldersbentforward，thispositionactuallycausesustofeelanxiousordepressed—whichmakesithardertothinkclearlyandrememberthings.Conversely(反過來)，anuprightpostureapparentlyimprovesthememorybecauseitbooststhebloodandoxygenflowtothebrain.2．Exercise—OnceHavingtroublerememberingfaces?__2__Inastudy，picturesoffaceswereshowntoolderfolksaftertheypedalastationary(固定的)bikeatanintensepaceorsimplysitonaself-pedalingbike.Onaverage，peoplerememberedthefacesbetteraftertheintenseexercise.What'smore，thememorygainsafterasingleworkoutweresimilartothegainsafterthreemonthsofregularexercise.3．LimitTVTime3___Accordingtoastudy，people(aged50orolder)whowatchedTVformorethan3.5hoursadayfor6yearsexperiencedagreaterdropinverbalmemorytestscoresthanthosewhowatchedless.4．DrawAimlessly4__5．WalkBackward__5__Walkback!Backwardmotion—whetherreal，imagined，orwatched—helpspeopleremembertheinformationbetterthansittingstilland，inmostcases，betterthanforwardmotion.Itmaybethatmovingbackwardinspacementallyhelpsusmovebackintimetothemomentwhenwelearnedsomething.A．SitStraight.B．StandStraight.C．Startmoreworkouts.D．Sweatforphysicaltraining.E．Thussketchingcanhelpadultshaveagoodmemory.F．Butwhataboutthoseattheotherendoftheirlifespans?G．Nexttimeyou'retryingtorecallsomething，don'tjustthinkback.【語篇解讀】文章介紹了五種使你有一個(gè)好的記憶力的方法，包括進(jìn)行一次劇烈運(yùn)動、限制看電視的時(shí)間等。1．A[分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處為該部分的小標(biāo)題，根據(jù)本部分中的“Whenwesitwithourshouldersbentforward，thispositionactuallycausesustofeelanxiousordepressed”以及“anuprightpostureapparentlyimprovesthememory”可知，肩膀前傾的坐姿會引起焦慮或抑郁，而直立的姿勢顯然可以改善記憶力。故A項(xiàng)符合語境，能概括本段內(nèi)容。]2．D[根據(jù)本部分的標(biāo)題Exercise—Once以及該部分中的“Onaverage，peoplerememberedthefacesbetteraftertheintenseexercise”可知，研究表明劇烈運(yùn)動后人們的記憶力變得更好。而D項(xiàng)“Sweatforphysicaltraining”與劇烈運(yùn)動有關(guān)，代入D項(xiàng)后既能回答空前的問句又能與下文銜接，故選D。]3．F[根據(jù)本部分第一句中的“hurtachild'scognitivedevelopment”可知，第一句講的是看電視太久對孩子的影響；根據(jù)下文中的“aged50orolder”可知，下文講的應(yīng)是看電視太久對老年人的影響。故F項(xiàng)承上啟下，與此處匹配。]4．E[根據(jù)本部分的標(biāo)題DrawAimlessly及對本部分的整體理解可知，本部分講的是繪畫對記憶力的作用，又根據(jù)E項(xiàng)中的“sketching”(畫素描，畫速寫)可知，E項(xiàng)符合語境。]5．G[根據(jù)該空后的“Walkback！”和本部分最后一句中的“movingbackwardinspacementallyhelpsusmovebackintimetothemomentwhenwelearnedsomething”可知，G項(xiàng)中的“don'tjustthinkback”與空后的內(nèi)容相呼應(yīng)，故選G項(xiàng)。]Ⅲ.語法填空(2020·安徽省示范高中名校學(xué)年上學(xué)期聯(lián)考)BaiduisnotadoctorWhenpeoplearefaced1.________healthornutritionquestions，itis2.________(increasing)commonforthemtogoonlineanddiagnosethemselves.ButtheInternetisfullofconflictinghealthwarningswithnoregulationtogetridofthewrongadvice，someofwhich3.________(be)extremelydangerous!Furthermore，searchenginesrankresultsbypopularityrather4.________accuracy，sosolidfactscanbetrickytofind.Itisworth5.________(check)ifthewriterofanonlinepieceisproperlyqualifiedasanexpert.Anyonecancall6.________(they)a“dietexpert”，“nutritionist”andevena“doctor”—giventhatitcouldrefertoqualificationslikeaPhD.Butremember，onlyofficially7.________(recognize)practicingdoctorsaswellasdietitianshaverightstogivemedical8.________(suggest)．Soifyouareunsureandstillwondering9.________thechocolatedietreallydoesworkornot，thenitpaystomake10.________appointmentwithyourdietitianordoctor.Thetruthisoutthere，andyoujustneedtolookintherightplace!【語篇解讀】當(dāng)人們面臨健康和營養(yǎng)的問題時(shí)，他們通常會上網(wǎng)查詢，自我診斷；但網(wǎng)上信息的準(zhǔn)確性難以保證，不要完全相信網(wǎng)絡(luò)上有關(guān)健康與營養(yǎng)的建議，要找執(zhí)業(yè)醫(yī)生或營養(yǎng)師尋求建議。1．with[考查固定用法。befacedwithsth.意為“面臨/面對某事”，為固定用法。]2．increasingly[考查副詞。修飾形容詞common要用副詞，故填increasingly。]3．is[考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)語境可知，此處敘述的為一般情況，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞指代先行詞“advice”，advice“建議”為不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。故填is。]4．than[考查介詞。ratherthan是固定習(xí)語。故填than。]5．checking[考查動名詞。beworthdoingsth.意為“值得做某事”，為固定用法，故填checking。]6．themselves[考查代詞。根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示任何人都可以稱自己為“飲食專家”或“營養(yǎng)師”等。故填反身代詞themselves。]7．recognized[考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，動詞recognize和其邏輯主語構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用其過去分詞形式，此處表示只有那些被官方認(rèn)可的執(zhí)業(yè)醫(yī)生和營養(yǎng)師才有權(quán)利給人們醫(yī)學(xué)建議。故填recognized。]8．suggestions[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。形容詞修飾名詞，且此處表示不止一條建議，故填suggestions。]9．whethe