第一章翻譯和翻譯中常見的錯(cuò)誤課件

LectureoneIntroductiontoChinese–EnglishTranslation

PartOneIntroductiontoChinese-EnglishTranslation

1.ThreelevelsofChinese-EnglishTranslationa.Englishlearningb.Translatingpracticec.translatingstudy2.EmploymentofkindsofsourcesTwofactorswhichdeterminethequalityofthetranslationOneisthelevelofthetranslator,anothertheabilitytoutilizethesources.TheuseofdictionaryTheChinese–EnglishDictionaryExample:根據(jù)它的叫聲特點(diǎn)人們把蟬又叫做知了。AnothernameforthecicadaisZhiliao,orknowall,forthat’showitschirpingsoundstotheChinese.紀(jì)曉嵐是乾隆的寵臣，曾三次任禮部尚書。JixiaolanenjoyedgreatfavorinEmperorQianglong’scourtandwasthreetimestheMinistryofRites.ChineseDictionaryEnglishDictionaryOthersourceofinformationExample:EncyclopediaBritannicaFromWesternMusic,Russia,19th,centurywecangetTchaikovsky.Fromthelatestissueswecangettheversionof“工人下崗”－－layofformakeredundant.3.PrinciplesofChinese-EnglishTranslationa.Alltranslationistotranslatethemeaning,thisistheprincipleoftranslation.b.Thefocusoftranslationisnottheformofthelanguagebutthecontentofthelanguage.AttachgreatimportancetoreaderTheacceptanceofthereaderandthereactionofthereader.4.ProcessofChinese-EnglishTranslationUnderstandingthesourcetextExample部：培訓(xùn)部，編輯部，師部，文化部UseofthetranslatingtechniquetotranslateModificationandpolishingTrainingdepartment,editorialoffice,divisionheadquarters,MinistryCulture5.Chinese-EnglishTranslationTraininga.ImprovetheabilityofexpressionAppropriatetranslationpractice:translating,modifying,summinguptheexperienceb.ReadingmoreEnglishmaterialsintensivelyPartTwoErrorAnalysisofChinese-EnglishTranslation

1.Analysisofsinglesentence2.AnalysisofparagraphSentenceErrorAnalysis

Practice1.中國(guó)人有在正月十五晚上吃元宵、賞花燈的習(xí)俗。ChinesehavethecustomthattheyeatsweetdumplingsmadeofglutinousriceflourandappreciatefestivelanternsatthenightofJanuary15.

改正譯文：TheChinesehavethecustomofeatingyuanxiao

(sweetdumplingsmadeofglutinousriceflour)andwatchingfestivelanternsonthefifteentheveningofthefirstlunarmonth.他的不合作態(tài)度使這個(gè)項(xiàng)目進(jìn)展十分緩慢。

Theprojectmakeslessprogressbecauseofhisincorporation.改正譯文：Theprojectismakingslowprogressduetohislackofcooperation.Theprojectismakingslowprogressbecauseofhisuncooperativeness.Hisuncooperativeattitudeaccountedfortheslowprogressoftheproject.Hisuncooperativeattituderesultedintheproject’sslowprogress.你們誰想?yún)⒓哟河尉驮谛瞧谖逯皥?bào)名并繳費(fèi)。

YouwhoeverwantstogospringoutingpleasesignupyournameandpayduesbeforeFriday.改正譯文：WhoeverwantstojointhespringoutingshouldsignupandpaytheexpensesbeforeFriday.ThoseofyouwhowanttogoonthespringoutingarerequiredtosignupandhandinthepaymentbeforeFriday.Ifanyofyouwantstotakepartinthespringouting,pleasesignupandpayforitbeforeFriday.我覺得這個(gè)店里的衣服即使六折也還是太貴。Ithinktheclothespricesintheshopweresoexpensiveeveniftheyaremade60percentdiscount.改正譯文：Ithinktheclothesintheshoparestilltooexpensiveevenifwecouldgeta40percentdiscount.Inmyopinion,theclothesintheshoparestilltoohigh-pricedeveniftheyarediscountedby40percent.ThepriceoftheclothesintheshopisstillmorethanIwouldpayeveniftheyare40percentoff.萬一你想取消這次旅行，請(qǐng)至少提前一個(gè)月書面通知我們。Ifyouwanttocancelthistravel,pleasetellusbywritingatleastonemonthearlier.改正譯文：ifyoushouldwanttocancelthetrip,pleasenotifyusinwritingatleastonemonthinadvance.Ifbyanychanceyouwanttocancelthetrip,pleasegiveusatleastonemonth’swrittennotice.想讓他答應(yīng)如此要求恐怕不大可能。

I’mafraiditisimpossibleforhimtoagreesuchrequirement.改正譯文：(1)I’mafraiditisunlikelyforhimtograntsucharequest.(2)itseemsunlikelyforhimtograntsucharequest.(3)thereseemstobelittlechancethathewillgrantsucharequest.

在董事會(huì)年會(huì)上，他提請(qǐng)大家注意一個(gè)被普遍忽視的問題。

Ontheannualboardofdirectors,heremindedeveryonetopayattentiontoaproblemwhichwasignoredincommon.改正譯文：Attheannualmeetingoftheboardofdirectors,hecalled(everyone’s)attentiontoalargelyignoredproblem.ParagraphTranslatingAnalysis

中國(guó)飲茶的風(fēng)尚，到了第七世紀(jì)的唐代，意境相當(dāng)盛行了（A）。那時(shí)日本派有大批的留學(xué)生，到中國(guó)來學(xué)習(xí)中國(guó)文化，自然也學(xué)會(huì)了中國(guó)的飲茶（B）。日本現(xiàn)在的所謂茶道，向西方人士夸說是日本獨(dú)特的藝術(shù)，其實(shí)完全是中國(guó)的古風(fēng)，明代以前的烹茶方法（C）。除了日本以外，最講究喝茶的外國(guó)人，應(yīng)該是英國(guó)人了，而英國(guó)人懂得喝茶，至今還不過兩三百年的歷史（D）。A：BytheTangDynastyintheseventhcentury,tea-drinkinghadbecomeverypopularinChina.B：(1)AtthattimemanyJapanesestudentsweresenttoChinatostudyChineseculture.Naturallytheyacquired(gotinto)theChinesetea-drinkinghabit.(2)…NaturallytheylearnedtodrinkteajustliketheChinese.(3)…Naturallytheybecameaccustomedtotea-drinkingC：Theso-calledteaceremonyinmodernJapan,boastedtoWesternersasauniqueJapaneseart,wasinfactentirelyanancientChinesecustom,thewaytobrewteabeforetheMingdynasty.D：(1)NexttotheJapanese,theforeignpeoplewhoattachthegreatestimportancetoteadrinkingmustbetheBritish,whodidnotlearntodrinkteauntiltwoorthreehundredyearsago.(2)ExceptfortheJapanese,nootherforeignersattachmoreimportancetoteadrinkingthantheBritish,wholearnedtodrinkteaonlytwoorthreehundredyearsago.

一六四四年，李自成揮師北上，攻入北京；崇禎自縊于煤山，明朝就此覆亡（A）。假如山海關(guān)統(tǒng)兵大帥吳三桂歸順李自成，中國(guó)的近代史就會(huì)是另一個(gè)樣子（B）。然而吳三桂卻因?yàn)槔钭猿蓳屃怂膼坻悎A圓，“沖冠一怒為紅顏”，放清兵入關(guān)（C）。就這樣，滿族人輕而易舉地接管了明朝的江山。A:In1644,theleaderofrevoltingarmies,LiZicheng,ledhisarmytoattackthenorthandoccupiedBeijing,thecapitalofMingDynasty.Chongzhen,thelastemperoroftheMingDynasty,hunghimselftodeathatMountainMei.Fromthenon,theMingdynastydiedout.B:IfthechiefcommanderofShanghaiguan,WuSan-gui,cameoverandpledgedallegiancetoLiZicheng,Chinesemodernhistorywouldbeanotherappearance.C:However,becauseLiZichengrobbedhiswifeChenYuanyuan,whomheloveddeeply,soWuSan-guiflewintoarageforbeautyandhelpedthetroopsofQingcomeintoShanghaiguan.D.Andinthiscase,thepeopleofManruledthecountryinsteadofMingwithoutdifficulty.練習(xí)：找出下面句子英譯文中的錯(cuò)誤，并加以改正：1．這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)我等了一輩子了，我絕不能錯(cuò)過它。IcannevermissthischancewhichIamwaitingformywholelife.2．我們公司在產(chǎn)品的包裝和宣傳上明顯比不上競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手。Thepackingsandadvertisingpropagandaofourcompanycan’tobviouslycomparewithourcompetitor.3．書店從各個(gè)出版社進(jìn)書，得到的折扣從七五折到四折不等。Thebookstoregetsbooksfromallkindsofpublishinghouse,thediscounttheygetvaryfrom75percentto40percent.4．他經(jīng)常在背后講人的壞話，讓我非常反感。Heoftentalkstheothers’shortcomingbehindtheothers’back,thismakesmehaveastrongaversiontohim.5．你能否在事業(yè)上獲得成功，在很大程度上要取決于你待人接物的能力。Whetheryouget