公開課非謂語動詞

非謂語動詞

張金燕教學(xué)目標(biāo)1.熟悉非謂語動詞的結(jié)構(gòu)。2.掌握v-ing,動詞不定式，過去分詞不同的用法。1.(2013·遼寧高考)LaurawasawayinParisforoveraweek.Whenshegothome,therewasapileofmail______forher.A.waited B.towaitC.waiting

D.waswaitingDotheexercises:【解析】選C?？疾榉侵^語動詞。句意:Laura離家去巴黎待了一周多。當(dāng)她回家時,有一大堆郵件在等著她。mail和wait之間是主謂關(guān)系,故用-ing形式作后置定語。2.(2013·陜西高考)Thewitnesses________bythepolicejustnowgaveverydifferentdescriptionsofthefight.A.questioned B.beingquestionedC.tobequestionedD.havingquestioned【解析】選A?？疾榉侵^語動詞。句意:警察剛剛詢問的那些目擊者們對于打斗的描述非常不同。分析句子成分可知主語是“thewitnesses”,謂語動詞是“gave”,而question“詢問,質(zhì)疑”與“thewitnesses”是被動關(guān)系,且表完成,故選A。3.(2013·四川高考)Theairport______nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.A.beingcompleted B.tobecompletedC.completed D.havingbeencompleted【解析】選B。考查非謂語動詞。句意:明年將要完工的機場會有助于促進這一地區(qū)的旅游業(yè)發(fā)展。A項表示正在進行的被動;B項表示將來的被動;C項和D項表示完成的被動。根據(jù)時間狀語nextyear可知表示將要被完成,故選B項。非謂語動詞非謂語動詞是在句子中充當(dāng)除謂語以外的句子成分的動詞形式是動詞的非謂語形式.動詞一般在句子中充當(dāng)謂語.在句中可起名詞,形容詞,副詞的作用,在句中充當(dāng)主語,賓語,表語,補語,定語或狀語.

1，非謂語動詞的否定式

不定式的否定式是在不定式to前加not，如：nottogothere；動詞-ing形式及過去分詞的否定式是在動詞-ing形式及過去分詞之前加not，如：notknowingaboutit，nothavinggotit。notinformed。

句法功能類別主語賓語表語定語狀語補語插入語V-ing√√√√√√√過去分詞√√√√不定式√√√√√√√非謂語動詞用法比較：動詞不定式v-ing動詞的過去分詞概述形式主動式被動式完成式完成被動式V-ing過去分詞不定式doingbeingdonehavingdonehavingbeendonedonetodotobedonetohavedonetohavebeendone作主語doing經(jīng)常性的，習(xí)慣性的動作todo具體的，偶然性的動作eg:Myworkis_______.(teach)Myjobtodayis_______(clean)theroom.teachingtoclean作表語V-ing修飾物，表“令人……”V-ed修飾人，表“感到……”eg:Shewas______bythefilmwhichisvery_______moving.(move)movedmoving作定語todo主動，將來doing主動，進行done被動，完成eg:Thebuilding_________(build)nowisourlibrary.Themeeting_________(hold)tomorrowisputoff.Ilikethepresent________(buy)bymyfather.Iknowtheboy________(stand)underthetree.Thereisstillwonderfulplot_____________.(continue)注意：定語的主動被動的判斷看___________.所修飾的名詞tobedone被動，將來

beingdone被動，進行beingbuilttobeheldboughtstandingTobecontinued作賓補(to)dodoingdone帶賓補的結(jié)構(gòu)有:1)with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)2）使役動詞：have,leave,make,get,keep3）感官動詞：lookat,see,watch,hear,listento,notice,observe,find,feel注意：賓補的主動被動的判斷看___________.賓語(1)with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：with+賓語+doing主動，同時todo主動，將來tobedone被動，將來done被動，同時eg:Withlotsofwork______(do),wehavenotimetogoforaholiday.Withthechildren__________(follow)

him,hehadtogobacktothepark.有孩子們跟隨，他不得不走回公園。followingtodo(2)使役動詞典句例示注意下列句式(1)havesth.done=getsth.done使/讓某事由別人去做;使遭受(2)havesb.dosth.=getsb.todosth.使/讓/叫某人去做某事(3)havesb./sth.doing使/讓某人/某物持續(xù)做某事getsb./sth.doing使某人/某物開始行動起來①Alexandertriedtogethiswork_________(recognize)inthemedicalcircles.亞歷山大努力讓他的工作在醫(yī)學(xué)圈內(nèi)得到認可。②Motherhadme_____(go)totheshopandbuysomesalt.媽媽讓我去商店買些鹽。③Thecaptaingotthesoldiersmovingtowardsthefrontafterashortrest.短暫休息后,隊長讓戰(zhàn)士們向前線行進。recognizedgo典句例示(4)leavesb.doingsth.讓某人一直做某事(5)leavesth.undone留下某事未做(6)leavesb.todosth.留下某人做某事(7)leavesth.tobedone留下某事要做（將來）④Don’tleavehimwaitingoutsideintherain.不要讓他一直在外面的雨中等。⑤Theguestsleftmostofthedishesuntouched,becausetheydidn’ttastedelicious.客人們沒有動大部分菜,因為它們嘗起來不可口。⑥Heleft,leavingmetodoallthework.他走了,留下我一人做所有的工作。⑦Wehurriedlyendedourmeeting,leavingmanyproblemstobesettled.我們匆忙結(jié)束會議,留下很多問題要解決。Ihearher_______intheroom.我聽見她正在房間里唱歌。(正在進行)Ihearher_______intheroom.我聽見她在房間里唱歌了。(強調(diào)完成狀態(tài))Isawthethief______(catch)bythepolice.(被動)caughtsingingsing3）感官動詞作狀語todo主動，目的tobedone被動，目的doing主動，同時進行havingdone主動，先于謂語動詞發(fā)生havingbeendone被動，先于謂語動詞發(fā)生done被動，同時進行eg:_____(discuss)itforlong,theydidn’treachedanagreement._____(warn)manytimes,hestilllikesdrivingatanfullspeed._____(see)fromthetopofthebuilding,thecityissmall.注意：狀語的主動被動的判斷看___________.句子的主語應(yīng)試技巧點點滴滴四看一確定兼顧搭配1.看空格是充當(dāng)什么句子成分；2.判斷空格是主動還是被動，將來的動作還是正在進行還是已經(jīng)完成；3.確定其邏輯主語；4.兼顧固定搭配【2012江西卷】33．Havingfinishedherproject,shewasinvitedbytheschool

tothenewstudents.A．speaking B．havingspokenC．tospeak D．tohavespoken【2012江西卷】35．Johnhasreallygotthejobbecauseheshowedmetheofficialletter____

himit. A．offered B．offering C．tooffer D．tobeoffered【2012湖南卷】31.Thelecture,____at7:00pmlastnight,wasfollowedbyanobservationofthemoonwithtelescopes. A.starting B.beingstarted C.tostart D.tobestarted【2012重慶卷】23.______toworkovertimethatevening,Imissedawonderfulfilm.A.HavingbeenaskedB.ToaskC.HavingaskedD.Tobeasked【2012湖南】23.Time,____correctly,ismoneyinthebank. A.touse B.used C.using D.use【2012湖南】21.We'vehadagoodstart,butnext,moreworkneeds____toachievethefinalsuccess. A.beingdone B.do C.tobedone D.todo【2012重慶卷】31.Beforeyouquityourjob,______howyourfamilywouldfeelaboutyourdecision.A.considerB.consideringC.toconsiderD.considered【2012重慶卷】28.We’rehavingameetinginhalfanhour.Thedecision______atthemeetingwillinthefutureofourcompany.A.tobemadeB.beingmadeC.madeD.havingbeenmade【2012遼寧卷】29.Thismachineisveryeasy____.Anybodycanlearntouseitinafewminutes.A.operatingB.tobeoperatingC.operatedD.tooperate【2012遼寧卷】25.Theoldcoupleoftentakeawalkaftersupperintheparkwiththeirpetdog___them.A.tofollowB.followingC.followedD.follows【2012四川卷】6.Tomtookataxitotheairport,only_____hisplanehighupinthesky.A.findingB.tofindC.beingfoundD.tohavefound【2012四川卷】12.Beforedrivingintothecity,youarerequiredtogetyourcar____.A.washedB.washC.washingD.towash【2014全國卷】23.Todaytherearemoreairplanes_____morepeoplethaneverbeforeintheskies.A.carry B.carryingC.carried D.tobecarrying【2014全國卷】33.____metomorrowandI’llletyouknowthelabresult.A.Calling B.CallC.Tocall D.Havingcalled【2014湖南卷】21.Children,when____bytheirparents,areallowedtoenterthestadium.A.tobeaccompaniedB.toaccompanyC.accompanyingD.accompanied【2014湖南卷】23.____yourownneedsandstylesofcommunicationisasimportantaslearningtoconveyyouraffectionandemotions.A.Understanding B.TobeunderstoodC.Beingunderstood D.Havingunderstood【2014湖南卷】27.Thereisnogreaterpleasurethanlyingonmybackinthemiddleofthegrassland,_____atthenightsky.A.tostare B.staringC.stared D.havingstaring【2014湖南卷】35.____ourselvesfromthephysicalandmentaltensions,weeachneeddeepthoughtandinnerquietnessA.Havingfreed B.FreedC.Tofree D.Freeing【2014重慶卷】5.Theproducercomesregularlytocollectthecameras_____toourshopforqualityproblems.A.returning B.returnedC.toreturn D.tobereturned【2014重慶卷】11.Groupactivitieswillbeorganizedafterclass____childrendevelopteamspirit.A.helping B.havinghelpedC.helped D.tohelp【2014江西卷】26.Whenitcomesto____inpublic,noonecanmatchhim.A.speak B.speakingC.beingspoken D.bespoken【2014江西卷】31.____nearlyallourmoney,wecouldn’taffor