2019外研社版高中英語選修一 Unit 5 Revealing nature 知識清單(教師版)

閱讀單詞認(rèn)讀disgracen.丟臉,恥辱beakn.鳥嘴,喙gianttortoise巨型陸龜comb-likeadj.梳狀的spinen.(動植物的)刺,刺毛mythn.(古代的)神話pesticiden.殺蟲劑,農(nóng)藥chillin.辣椒cybercrimen.網(wǎng)絡(luò)犯罪centimetren.厘米重點單詞識記seedn.種子,籽samplen.樣本ancestorn.(動物的)原種,祖先generatev.產(chǎn)生,創(chuàng)造characteristicn.特征,特性declinev.減少blamev.責(zé)怪,指責(zé);把……歸咎于goatn.山羊primitiveadj.原始的,低等的worldwideadv.遍及全世界giantadj.巨大的,特大的legendn.傳說,傳奇(故事)rootn.根linkv.把……聯(lián)系起來;連接核心詞匯拓展distantadj.遙遠(yuǎn)的;冷淡的→distancen.距離→distantlyadv.疏遠(yuǎn)地geologistn.地質(zhì)學(xué)家→geographyn.地理evolvev.進(jìn)化→evolutionn.進(jìn)化(論)suspectv.猜想,懷疑,覺得→suspiciousadj.懷疑的;可疑的detectv.發(fā)現(xiàn),察覺(尤指不易覺察到的事物)→detectionn.發(fā)現(xiàn)→detectiven.偵探核心短語速記answerthecall響應(yīng)號召beadisgrace是恥辱,是丟臉的事benativeto源于……的,原產(chǎn)于……firstchoice首選ofalltime有史以來inquestion正被討論的,談?wù)撝械腷ecrowdedwith擠滿,充滿cometoexist開始存在adaptto適應(yīng)behometo...是……的家園avarietyof各種各樣的tinyamountsof微量的drive...away趕跑;驅(qū)車離開carryout執(zhí)行intheend最后,終于insomeways在某些方面explorevt.探索explorationn.探索exportn.&vt.出口exposevt.揭露;暴露extraordinaryadj.非凡的;卓越的extremelyadv.極其;非常eyewitnessn.目擊證人fadevi.褪色;消失familiaradj.熟悉的fantasticadj.極好的;幻想的fascinatingadj.迷人的;極有吸引力的fastenvt.扎牢;扣住Andthatwastheanswertohownewspeciesofplantsandanimalscametoexist：theyevolvedfromearlierancestors.(how引導(dǎo)的賓語從句)于是,關(guān)于動植物的新種類是如何產(chǎn)生的這個問題就有了答案：它們是從早期的祖先進(jìn)行而來的。Withuslongbelievingthattalkingplantsarefantasy,newresearchhasrevealedsomethingamazing：itappearsthatplantscancommunicateafterall.(itappearsthat...)我們一直認(rèn)為會說話的植物只存在于幻想之中,但新研究有了令人驚奇的發(fā)現(xiàn)：植物間似乎確實可以交流。Moresurprisingly,plantsalsousesoundtocommunicate.(副詞作狀語)更令人吃驚的是,植物也用聲音進(jìn)行交流。Usingthewoodwideweb,plantscanshareinformationandevenfoodwitheachother.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作方式狀語)使用植物萬維網(wǎng),植物可以分享信息,甚至可以彼此分享食物。Perhapsonedayscientistswilllearnhowtocreatea“firewall”tohelppreventtheseattackswithinthewoodwideweb.(疑問詞＋todo)也許未來某一天,科學(xué)家會研究出建造“防火墻”的方法來阻止植物萬維網(wǎng)中的這些攻擊。請先從表格中選用本單元所學(xué)詞匯完成下列短文,然后核對答案并背誦該短文。distant,decline,legend,ancestorWhenmyunclewasyoung,heansweredthecallandvolunteeredtoworkonthat1.distantisland.Myuncleworkedhardintheday.Inhisfreetime,hewentonstudyingthecharacteristicsofthoseplants.Heevenhadsomesamplesplacedinhisbedroom.Justatthattimehebegantothinkabouthowtheyevolvedfromtheir2.ancestors.Althoughhisstudygeneratednoincome,hewascrazyaboutit.Heoftenusedsomeprimitivemethodstocarryouthisexperiments,detectinghowtheseedsgrewintosometallplants.Therewasatimewhenthenumberofthoseplantswasonthe3.decline.Hemanagedtofindoutthereasonandcameupwithanewwaytosolvetheproblem.Later,heachievedalotinthisfield.Manypeoplehadsuspectedhistalent,buthesucceeded！Hewasabsolutelya4.legend！提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯distantadj.遙遠(yuǎn)的;冷淡的(distancen.距離)bedistantfrom距……很遠(yuǎn);與……不同withinwalkingdistance走著就能到inthedistance在遠(yuǎn)處fromadistance從遠(yuǎn)處keepone’sdistancefrom...與……保持距離;疏遠(yuǎn)……Inadistant(distance)countryinAfrica,hefoundhisroot.這個小女孩被警告如果她不想受到傷害,就離那個壞小子遠(yuǎn)一點。Thelittlegirlwaswarnedtokeepherdistancefromthebadboyifshedidn’twanttogethurt.你也可以參觀城市博物館,從你住的酒店走著就能到。(應(yīng)用文寫作之建議信)Youcanalsovisitthecitymuseum,whichiswithinwalkingdistanceofthehotelwhereyoustay.當(dāng)她小心翼翼地沿著小溪走著時,一個熟悉的身影從遠(yuǎn)處朝她走了過來。(讀后續(xù)寫之場景描寫)Asshepickedherwaycarefullyalongthestream,afamiliarfigurecameuptoherfromadistance.blamev.把……歸咎于,責(zé)怪,指責(zé)n.責(zé)任;責(zé)備;過失blamesbfor...因……而指責(zé)某人;把……歸咎于某人blamesthonsb把某事歸咎于某人betoblame(forsth)(對某事)負(fù)有責(zé)任;應(yīng)承擔(dān)責(zé)任;該受責(zé)備(主動形式表被動意義)put/laytheblameforsthonsb把某事歸咎于某人Theexpertblamedthepollutionhereonthelargefactorylinkedtotheriver.當(dāng)和其他人相處時,我們不應(yīng)該總把錯誤歸咎于其他人。畢竟,很多時候我們也應(yīng)受責(zé)備。因此,我們應(yīng)該多交流、換位思考,而不是指責(zé)其他人。(話題寫作之人際交往)Whengettingalongwithothers,weshouldn’talwaysblameothersformistakes.Afterall,manytimeswearealsotoblame.Soinsteadofblamingothers,weshouldcommunicatemoreandputourselvesinothers’place.linkv.&n.連接;關(guān)聯(lián);聯(lián)系;關(guān)系link...to/with...把……和……連接/聯(lián)系起來linkupwith(與……)連接,結(jié)合belinkedto/with和……連接;和……有聯(lián)系Yellowislinkedto/withconfidence,self-respectandfriendliness.Anewroadwouldbeneededtolinkupwiththemainroad.在中國文化中,紅色通常與高興和喜慶聯(lián)系在一起。InChineseculture,redisusuallylinkedwithjoyandcelebration.ofalltime有史以來attimes有時;間或atnotime在任何時候都不;決不(位于句首,句子要部分倒裝)atthesametime同時allthetime一直,始終innotime立刻;馬上用time的相關(guān)短語填空：MichaelJordan,thegreatestbasketballplayerofalltime,foundthesecrettosuccessislearningfromfailures.WhenitcomestotheseasonIlikebest,springwillalwaysoccurtomeinnotime.打籃球是緩解我們巨大學(xué)習(xí)壓力的最好方法,同時我們也能從中找到一些樂趣。(話題寫作之體育)Playingbasketballservesasthebestwaytoeaseourgreatstudypressureandwecanfindsomepleasurefromitatthesametime.drive...away趕跑;驅(qū)車離開driveoff駕車離開drivesbcrazy使某人發(fā)瘋drivesbtodosth驅(qū)使某人做某事Whatsurprisesmeisthataftertwoandahalfyears,themotherwilldrivetheyoungpandaaway.我看到有幾個人經(jīng)過,上了車,然后開車離開了。(讀后續(xù)寫之動作描寫)Iwatchedseveralpeoplegoby,getintotheircarsanddriveoff.HispassionfortraditionalChineseculturemakeshimcometoChina.→HispassionfortraditionalChineseculturedriveshimtocometoChina.(用drive短語改寫)現(xiàn)在分詞短語作方式狀語Usingthewoodwideweb,plantscanshareinformationandevenfoodwitheachother.使用植物萬維網(wǎng),植物可以分享信息,甚至可以彼此分享食物。現(xiàn)在分詞(短語)作狀語時,可表示時間、伴隨、條件、原因、結(jié)果、方式等,通常相當(dāng)于一個狀語從句或并列句。WhenIcamehome,Ifoundmyfathersittinginthearmchair,reading(read)amagazine.Notknowing(know)whatkindofgiftshelikes,Ican’tchooseoneforher.Thewomandiedofcanceroneyearago,leaving(leave)hertwochildrenlonelyandhelpless.得知你被北京大學(xué)錄取,我寫信祝賀你。(應(yīng)用文寫作之祝賀信)LearningthatyougetadmittedtoPekingUniversity,Iamwritingtocongratulateyou.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語)(2022·全國甲)Goffin’scockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia,havebeenshowntohavesimilarshape-recognitionabilitiestoahumantwo-year-old.戈芬氏鳳頭鸚鵡是一種原產(chǎn)于澳大拉西亞的小鸚鵡,它們已經(jīng)被證明與兩歲大的人類具有相似的形狀識別能力。(2022·全國甲)However,afterIwenttohighschool,somehowIbecamedistantfromhim.然而,在我上了高中后,不知怎么地,我已經(jīng)疏遠(yuǎn)他了。(2022·全國乙)Atpresentitisexpectedtogenerate￡240mfortheyearendinginApril2019,whichwillgotoschoolsports.目前,預(yù)計到2019年4月,該稅法實施1年之際,它將產(chǎn)生2.4億英鎊稅收,這些錢將用于學(xué)校體育教育。(2022·全國乙)Byusingthelatesttechnologies,dronescouldalsostartprovidinghigher-valueservicesforrailways,detectingfaultsintherailorswitches,beforetheycancauseanysafetyproblems.通過使用最新技術(shù),無人機(jī)還可以開始為鐵路提供更高價值的服務(wù),檢測鐵路或轉(zhuǎn)接方面的故障,以免造成任何安全問題。(2022·浙江1月)Whentheanswerwasno,shedeclinedtheinvitation.當(dāng)答案是否定時,她拒絕了邀請。提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上一單元詞匯一詞多義練/熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙suspectA.vt.懷疑B.n.嫌疑犯;可疑對象C.adj.可疑的;靠不住的Heresignedafterbeingsuspectedtobeacriminal.ASomeoftheevidencetheyproducedwashighlysuspect.CWhatadisgrace！Hersonisamurdersuspectinthecase.BdeclineA.v.謝絕B.v.減少C.n.下降InpartsofsouthernCaliforniathedeclinewasnearly75percent.CAtnight,Iofferedtotellthemafolktale,buttheydeclinedwiththanks.AThenumberoftouriststotheplaceofinterestdeclinedby10%lastyear.B快速閱讀下列句子并猜測句中加黑詞匯的意思。HewaswithoutquestiononeofthegiantsofJapaneseliterature.卓越人物Money,orloveofmoney,issaidtobetherootofallevil.起因,根源核心知識強(qiáng)化練——鞏固語言知識Honestlyspeaking,weallsuspectedthelittleprincessofnottellingthetruthtous.Theservantdetectedthethiefinthecorneranddrovehimaway.Asweallknow,thepandawhichislovedbypeopleworldwideisnativetoChina.Theoldscientistissoabsorbedinhisworkthathealwaysforgetstorestandeat.Thesememoriesofmyyearsinthatdistantvillagearerooted(root)inmyheartandrundeep.Expertsbelievethattheillnessislinked(link)totheuseofchemicalpesticide.Themanagingdirectorwasblamed(blame)fortheaccident,althoughitwasnotreallyhisfault.Standing(stand)onthetopofMountTai,weareabletohaveagoodviewofthebeautifulsceneryofthewholecity.(話題寫作之泰山旅行)Atnotimeis(be)thereanydangertothepeopleattheairport.Aswasexpected,mostofpeoplehereregardedthemotionasagreatsuccess.單句寫作——應(yīng)用文增分練(2020·北京)——疫情期間居家學(xué)習(xí)自律問題待在室內(nèi),在線學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生們別無選擇,只能努力找到有效的學(xué)習(xí)方法。(分詞作狀語)Stayingindoorsandstudyingonline,thestudentshadnochoicebuttostruggletofindeffectivelearningmethods.然而,我們大多數(shù)人不知道如何充分利用在線資源,浪費(fèi)了太多的時間玩游戲。(疑問詞＋todo)However,notknowinghowtomakefulluseoftheonlineresources,mostofuswastedtoomuchtimeplayinggames.似乎有必要召開一次視頻會議討論如何高效學(xué)習(xí)。(itappearsthat...)Itappearedthatitwasnecessarytoholdavideomeetingtodiscusshowtostudyefficiently.令人高興的是,每個學(xué)生都在視頻會議上積極發(fā)言,并且我們達(dá)成協(xié)議,為我們的日?；顒又贫〞r間表。(副詞作狀語)Delightedly,everystudentspokeupactivelyatthevideomeetingandwereachedanagreementtomakeatimetableforourroutines.既然制定了時間表,我們都應(yīng)該嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行。(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu);carryout)Withthetimetablemade,weallshouldcarryitoutstrictly.微型寫作——續(xù)寫提能練[教材續(xù)寫語料]情感描寫disgracen.丟臉,恥辱動作描寫answerthecall響應(yīng)號召suspectv.猜想,懷疑,覺得blamev.責(zé)備;指責(zé);把……歸咎于detectv.發(fā)現(xiàn);察覺(尤指不易覺察到的事物)linkv.把……聯(lián)系起來;連接人物描寫distantadj.遙遠(yuǎn)的;冷淡的;不友好的;愛答不理的geologistn.地質(zhì)學(xué)家legendn.傳說,傳奇(故事)[續(xù)寫語料運(yùn)用]請從以上語料中選擇合適的詞匯,完成以下語段。然后核對答案并背誦該語段。杰克正朝我走來,但我的新朋友們卻揚(yáng)起眉毛,把背包堆在桌子上,以致沒有地方可以讓杰克坐下。這種尷尬的局面使空氣凝固了。杰克看著我時,我顯得很冷漠,低下了頭。后來,我想：“我真丟臉！當(dāng)他被趕走的時候,我應(yīng)該為他說話?！睆?qiáng)烈的內(nèi)疚感使我意識到我是罪魁禍?zhǔn)?。因?我找到他并向他道歉。令我驚訝的是,杰克立刻就原諒了我,并笑了起來。Jackwaswalkingtowardsme,butmynewfriendsraisedtheireyebrowsandpiledtheirbackpacksonthetablesothattherewasnospaceleftforJacktositdown.Thisawkwardsituationfrozetheair.IwasdistantandloweredmyheadwhenJacklookedatme.“Whatadisgrace!”Ithoughtlater,“Ishouldhavespokenupforhimwhenhewasdrivenaway.”Withstrongfeelingsofguilt,IrealizedIwastheonetoblame.Therefore,Iwenttohimandmadeanapology.Tomysurprise,Jackforgavemeatonceandsmiled.詞形變化填空(每小題2分,共8分)Theydetectedthataprivatedetectivehadbeentailingthemforseveralweeks.(detect)ThegeologistswhoareexpertingeographyoftheIslandbelievethatclimatechangecouldhaveanimpactonanimalevolution.(geologist)Theboyisalwaysdistanttowardshisclassmates,sohisclassmatesoftenkeephimatadistance.(distant)Ididn’tnoticeanysuspiciousbehaviourfromhim,soIdidn’tsuspecthimofcommittingthecrime.(suspect)選詞填空(每小題2分,共12分)carryout;cometoexist;adaptto;becrowdedwith;benativeto;ofalltime1．Theyexistonfoodsuppliedbytheorganizationwhichcametoexistdecadesofyearsago.2．Theworsthurricanedisasterofalltimeoccurred