現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ) (2)ppt課件

1、Revision of ing participle as Adverbial,II. -ing 分詞作狀語(yǔ)（Adverbial)的要點(diǎn)： 分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)一致。 分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，有時(shí)前面可帶一個(gè)連詞，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)或出于表達(dá)需要，常用 的連詞有：when, while, if, (al)though, whether, or, unless, as if/though等。,1伴隨狀語(yǔ)（Adverbial of attending circumstances）,They came in, singing and laughing.,2時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)（Adverbial of time）,Hav

2、ing finished the homework/After finishing the homework,he turned on the TV.,When/While climbing the mountain, he broke his glasses.,方式狀語(yǔ)（Adverbial of way ）,He came running into the classroom.,I-ing participle作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)的形式：,一般式,完成式,完成進(jìn)行式,主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),doing,being done,having done,having been done,having been d

3、oing,1,4. 原因狀語(yǔ)（Adverbial of cause ）,Having failed twice, he didnt want to try again.,5. 條件狀語(yǔ) ( Adverbial of condition),Turning to the right, you will find a path.,6. 結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)（Adverbial of result）,He did his homework carelessly, making a lot of mistakes.(自然的或必然的結(jié)果),區(qū)別：He hurried to the station only to fi

4、nd the train had gone.(意想不到的結(jié)果),7.讓步狀語(yǔ)（Adverbial of concession）,(Though) working as hard as he could, he could not pass the exam.,Iing Participle 作定語(yǔ)的形式：,（單個(gè)分詞做定語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般放在被修飾的名詞前）：,doing,*The swimming boy is my brother.,The ing Participle as Attributive,1前置,2,注意：有些分詞已經(jīng)形容詞化。,試區(qū)別：,moving 感人的 inspiring 鼓舞

5、人心的 disappointing 令人失望的 moved 受感動(dòng)的 inspired 受鼓舞的 disappointed 感到失望的,a frightening voice a frightened voice,記一記：,English-speaking countries, a paper-making machine, spoken English,（分詞短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ)時(shí)，放在被修飾的名詞后）：,doing, being done,*The children playing outside are in Class Two.,*Tea, being a universal drink in

6、many countries, is still carefully prepared.,*Most of the people working in the factory are young people.,*The television being repaired now was bought ten years ago.,2后置,令人害怕的語(yǔ)調(diào),從語(yǔ)調(diào)中聽(tīng)出說(shuō)話人感到害怕,3,II-ing分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)間關(guān)系：,1. ing 分詞所表示的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。,*經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作：,*正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作：,The man running over there

7、 is our chairman.,=The man who is running over there is our chairman.,*Where is the old woman selling eggs?,=Where is the old woman who sells eggs?,2. 如果一個(gè)分詞既要表達(dá)進(jìn)行意義，又要表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義，則用-ing的被動(dòng)式:,The question being discussed is important.,=The question that is being discussed is important.,being done,4,3. 如果

8、分詞要表示動(dòng)作是主動(dòng)的，又在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生，則要用定語(yǔ)從句表示。,*The man coming yesterday comes again.,(),*The man having come yesterday comes again.,(),*The man who came yesterday comes again.,(),*The students （參加會(huì)議的）will arrive here tomorrow.,4. 要表示定語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之后發(fā)生, 則要用不定式或定語(yǔ)從句表示 將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。,a. 如果定語(yǔ)既要表示尚未發(fā)生的/將來(lái)的動(dòng)作又要表示被動(dòng)意義, 則用 不定式的被

9、動(dòng)式：,to be done,You are welcome to the party to be given in our class.,b. 不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，與修飾詞一般有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系或主謂關(guān)系：,I have a lot of words to say.,(完成式having done/having been done不可做限制定語(yǔ)),to attend the meeting (who will attend the meeting),5,5. 現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)表示被修飾名詞的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行或經(jīng)常發(fā)生；,the sleeping dog,the sleeping bag,(the dog that is sleeping),(the bag for sleeping),動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)表示被修飾名詞的用途。,6. 過(guò)去分詞（done）作定語(yǔ)表示與被修飾詞是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，分詞的動(dòng)作已完成， 但并不強(qiáng)調(diào)先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作。,切記不可誤寫作：having been done,I cant find my lost pen.,=I cant find my pen which is lost.