漢譯英中的邏輯關(guān)系處理.ppt

1、上海市人民政府外事辦公室翻譯服務(wù)中心,漢譯英中的邏輯關(guān)系處理周維上海市人民政府外事辦公室翻譯服務(wù)中心2006年3月17日,上海市人民政府外事辦公室翻譯服務(wù)中心,提綱,I.兩種語言的差異 II.應(yīng)對策略 III.總結(jié),上海市人民政府外事辦公室翻譯服務(wù)中心,I.兩種語言的差異,句子結(jié)構(gòu) 動詞形式 表達習(xí)慣,上海市人民政府外事辦公室翻譯服務(wù)中心,上海市人民政府外事辦公室翻譯服務(wù)中心,原文：推進義務(wù)教育均衡發(fā)展，/加快課程體系改革和招生考試制度改革，切實減輕中小學(xué)生過重課業(yè)負擔(dān)，/不斷加強教師隊伍、特別是郊區(qū)中小學(xué)教師隊伍建設(shè)，提高基礎(chǔ)教育整體水平。初譯: More support will be g

2、iven to education in ex-urban areas to promote balanced development of compulsory education. / We will push for curriculum and examination-based enrollment and reduce the excessive workload of primary and secondary school students. / We will continuously improve the competence of teachers and upgrad

3、e the overall level of primary education.,上海市人民政府外事辦公室翻譯服務(wù)中心,原文：推進義務(wù)教育均衡發(fā)展，加快課程體系改革和招生考試制度改革，切實減輕中小學(xué)生過重課業(yè)負擔(dān)，不斷加強教師隊伍、特別是郊區(qū)中小學(xué)教師隊伍建設(shè)，提高基礎(chǔ)教育整體水平。終譯: To improve the overall quality of basic education, we will take various measures, such as promoting the balanced development of compulsory education, acc

4、elerating reforms of curricula and entrance examinations, reducing the excessive workloads primary and secondary school students face, as well as improving the skills of teachers, especially those in primary and secondary schools in ex-urban areas.,上海市人民政府外事辦公室翻譯服務(wù)中心,II.應(yīng)對策略,上海市人民政府外事辦公室翻譯服務(wù)中心,A. 分析

5、句子邏輯關(guān)系,上海市人民政府外事辦公室翻譯服務(wù)中心,分析邏輯關(guān)系原文：全市社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)中心和鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)衛(wèi)生院進行了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化建設(shè)，一大批公立醫(yī)院得到了改建和擴建，/公共衛(wèi)生應(yīng)急處置和醫(yī)療服務(wù)能力明顯增強。初譯: We greatly strengthened our ability to handle public health emergencies and deliver health care/ by upgrading community health service centers and town/township clinics to meet defined standards, as

6、well as by renovating and expanding a large number of public hospitals.,上海市人民政府外事辦公室翻譯服務(wù)中心,分析邏輯關(guān)系 原文：全市社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)中心和鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)衛(wèi)生院進行了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化建設(shè)，/一大批公立醫(yī)院得到了改建和擴建，/公共衛(wèi)生應(yīng)急處置和醫(yī)療服務(wù)能力明顯增強。 終譯: We upgraded community health service centers and town/township clinics to meet defined standards,/ renovated and expanded a large n

7、umber of public hospitals, /and improved our capacity to handle public health emergencies and deliver health care.,上海市人民政府外事辦公室翻譯服務(wù)中心,原文：保持速度與結(jié)構(gòu)、質(zhì)量、效益相統(tǒng)一初譯：align speed with structure, quality and efficiency,分析邏輯關(guān)系,上海市人民政府外事辦公室翻譯服務(wù)中心,分析邏輯關(guān)系原文：保持速度與結(jié)構(gòu)、質(zhì)量、效益相統(tǒng)一終譯：maintain momentum while pursuing struct

8、ural optimization, quality and efficiency at the same time,上海市人民政府外事辦公室翻譯服務(wù)中心,B. 搭建句子結(jié)構(gòu),調(diào)整句序 變換動詞形式 添加,上海市人民政府外事辦公室翻譯服務(wù)中心,調(diào)整句序原文：完善新型農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療制度，加大政府投入力度，建立逐年遞增的籌資機制，/ 進一步提高農(nóng)民醫(yī)療保障水平。初譯：The government will establish a funding system to increase its input year on year in developing the new rural cooperat

9、ive medical system / and make it an effective vehicle to enhance health care for farmers.,上海市人民政府外事辦公室翻譯服務(wù)中心,調(diào)整句序 原文：完善新型農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療制度，加大政府投入力度，建立逐年遞增的籌資機制，進一步提高農(nóng)民醫(yī)療保障水平 。 終譯: The government is committed to providing better health care to farmers by refining the rural cooperative medical system and incre

10、asing its inputs through a funding mechanism allowing for annual increments.,上海市人民政府外事辦公室翻譯服務(wù)中心,調(diào)整句序 原文：健全法律法規(guī)、強化技術(shù)支撐、加強政策引導(dǎo)、明確管理職責(zé)、廣泛宣傳教育，/ 切實抓好節(jié)地節(jié)能節(jié)水節(jié)材，提高資源綜合利用效率。初譯：We must improve relevant laws and regulations, give a bigger role to technologies, / so as to make substantial achievements in the c

11、onservation of and enhance the efficiency of integrated resources consumption.,上海市人民政府外事辦公室翻譯服務(wù)中心,調(diào)整句序原文：健全法律法規(guī)、強化技術(shù)支撐、加強政策引導(dǎo)、明確管理職責(zé)、廣泛宣傳教育，切實抓好節(jié)地節(jié)能節(jié)水節(jié)材，提高資源綜合利用效率 。 終譯: In order to attain tangible results in the conservation of land, energy, water and raw materials and enhance the efficiency of res

12、ource utilization, / we must improve relevant laws and regulations, and launch an extensive public awareness campaign.,上海市人民政府外事辦公室翻譯服務(wù)中心,調(diào)整句序 原文：推進工業(yè)、交通、建筑和民用節(jié)能，/對消耗高、污染重、技術(shù)落后的工藝和產(chǎn)品實施強制性淘汰制度，/新建建筑嚴(yán)格實施節(jié)能50%的設(shè)計標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，強化能源需求側(cè)管理。/加強風(fēng)能、太陽能等新能源開發(fā)利用。初譯：In order to step up our efforts of energy conservation /

13、we must impose close-down orders upon ./ We must also strengthen the management over the side of energy demand by forcefully applying the new rule / In addition, the development and use of new energies .,上海市人民政府外事辦公室翻譯服務(wù)中心,調(diào)整句序原文：推進工業(yè)、交通、建筑和民用節(jié)能，對消耗高、污染重、技術(shù)落后的工藝和產(chǎn)品實施強制性淘汰制度，新建建筑嚴(yán)格實施節(jié)能50%的設(shè)計標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，強化能源需求

14、側(cè)管理。加強風(fēng)能、太陽能等新能源開發(fā)利用 。 終譯：Besides developing alternative energy sources , we must implement demand-side management to reduce energy consumption for . Measures in this regard must include phasing out and enforcing green design standards ,上海市人民政府外事辦公室翻譯服務(wù)中心,2. 變換動詞形式,現(xiàn)在分詞 過去分詞,上海市人民政府外事辦公室翻譯服務(wù)中心,現(xiàn)在分詞,

15、原文：落實上海實施科教興市戰(zhàn)略行動綱要，/ 科技創(chuàng)新力度明顯加大，創(chuàng)新環(huán)境進一步優(yōu)化。 初譯: Effective measures were taken to implement Shanghais Plan of Action for Revitalizing the City through Science and Education. /More scientific and technological innovations were made and the environment for innovation was improved.,上海市人民政府外事辦公室翻譯服務(wù)中心,現(xiàn)在

16、分詞原文：落實上海實施科教興市戰(zhàn)略行動綱要，科技創(chuàng)新力度明顯加大，創(chuàng)新環(huán)境進一步優(yōu)化。 終譯: We implemented Shanghais Plan of Action for Revitalizing the City through Science and Education, bolstering the innovation environment and making local technological innovation significantly more dynamic.,上海市人民政府外事辦公室翻譯服務(wù)中心,過去分詞,原文：錯誤和挫折教訓(xùn)了我們，使我們比較地聰明起

17、來了，我們的事情就辦得比較好一些。（毛澤東選集四卷，1417頁）1 譯文：Taught by mistakes and setbacks, we have become wiser and handle our affairs better. 1 引自漢英翻譯教程P155,上海市人民政府外事辦公室翻譯服務(wù)中心,3. 添加,邏輯關(guān)系 概括性 標(biāo)點符號,上海市人民政府外事辦公室翻譯服務(wù)中心,邏輯-目的關(guān)系,原文：以企業(yè)為主導(dǎo),以項目為載體,/ 以產(chǎn)業(yè)化 導(dǎo)向,加強政策引導(dǎo),/ 推動產(chǎn)學(xué)研緊密結(jié)合。 初譯：Driven by businesses themselves and projects, /

18、 guided by various policies towards industrialization, / the industry, academia and research community could form an alliance.,上海市人民政府外事辦公室翻譯服務(wù)中心,邏輯-目的關(guān)系,原文：以企業(yè)為主導(dǎo),以項目為載體,以產(chǎn)業(yè)化 導(dǎo)向,加強政策引導(dǎo),推動產(chǎn)學(xué)研緊密結(jié)合。 終譯：We must use stronger policy incentives to encourage enterprises to take the lead in engaging univers

19、ities and the research community in collaborative research projects, so as to bring research results to the market faster.,上海市人民政府外事辦公室翻譯服務(wù)中心,邏輯-并列關(guān)系,原文：（產(chǎn)業(yè)布局進一步優(yōu)化，）中心城區(qū)服務(wù)業(yè)規(guī)模不斷擴大，2005年第三產(chǎn)業(yè)增加值比重預(yù)計達到75%；/郊區(qū)先進制造業(yè)集聚發(fā)展。 初譯：Specifically speaking, the service industry experienced on-going expansion in the

20、city proper which drove the share of the tertiary sector in the citys added value up to almost 75%./ , the ex-urban areas has become an important base of manufacturing industry.,上海市人民政府外事辦公室翻譯服務(wù)中心,邏輯-并列關(guān)系,原文：（產(chǎn)業(yè)布局進一步優(yōu)化，）中心城區(qū)服務(wù)業(yè)規(guī)模不斷擴大，2005年第三產(chǎn)業(yè)增加值比重預(yù)計達到75%；郊區(qū)先進制造業(yè)集聚發(fā)展。 終譯：On the one hand, the city pr

21、oper has seen its service sector grow in size, now accounting for 75% of its economic growth. On the other hand, Shanghais ex-urban areas are attracting and spawning more and more manufacturing businesses.,上海市人民政府外事辦公室翻譯服務(wù)中心,邏輯-因果關(guān)系,原文：消費需求逐步擴大，投資和出口結(jié)構(gòu)繼續(xù)優(yōu)化，/ 保持了投資、消費、出口共同拉動經(jīng)濟增長的格局。 初譯：We gradually e

22、xpanded the consumption demand and continued to optimize the investment structure and export mix / so that our economy was driven together by investment, consumption and export.,上海市人民政府外事辦公室翻譯服務(wù)中心,邏輯-因果關(guān)系,原文：消費需求逐步擴大，投資和出口結(jié)構(gòu)繼續(xù)優(yōu)化，/保持了投資、消費、出口共同拉動經(jīng)濟增長的格局。 終譯：Consumption demand has been growing steadily and the structure of investment and exports is becoming more a