初中英語(yǔ)一般將來(lái)時(shí)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)語(yǔ)法講解資料

1、初中英語(yǔ)一般將來(lái)時(shí)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)語(yǔ)法講解精品文檔一般將來(lái)時(shí)主要構(gòu)成形式一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，事情或存在的狀態(tài)，也表示將來(lái)經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事情。1) will/shall+動(dòng)詞原形shall用于第一人稱(chēng)，常被will所代替。will在陳述句中用于各人稱(chēng)，在征求意見(jiàn)時(shí)常用于第二人稱(chēng)。willnot=won'tshallnot=shan't例如：WhichparagraphshallIreadfirsF我先讀哪一段呢？W川youbeathomeatseventhisevening?今晚七點(diǎn)回家好嗎？2) begoingto環(huán)定式，表示將來(lái)。a.主語(yǔ)的意圖，即將做某事。例

2、如：Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?明天打算作什么呢？b.計(jì)劃，安排要發(fā)生的事。例如：Theplayisgoingtobeproducednextmontho這出戲下月開(kāi)播。c.有跡象要發(fā)生的事。例如：Lookatthedarkclouds,thereisgoingtobeastorm.看那烏云，快要下雨了。3) be杯定式表將來(lái)，按計(jì)劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的事。例如:WearetodiscussthereportnextSaturday我們下星期六討論這份報(bào)小下口。4) beaboutto+不定式，意為馬上做某事。例如:HeisabouttoleaveforBeijing

3、.他馬上要去北京。注意：beabouttodo不能與tomorrow,nextweek等表示明確將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。Notice:beto和begoingtobeto表示客觀安排或受人指示而做某事，begoingto表示主觀的打算或計(jì)劃。例如：Iamtoplayfootballtomorrowafternoon.明天下午我去踢球。（客觀安排）I'mgoingtoplayfootballtomorrowafternoon.明天下午我想去踢球。（主觀安排）5) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)時(shí)下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)時(shí)e.fly.leave.start.begin.finish.end.arriv

4、eandsoon.sheisleavingforWuhantomorrow.6) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)1） 下歹U動(dòng)詞come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return的般現(xiàn)在時(shí)可以表示將來(lái)，主要用來(lái)表示在時(shí)間上已確定或安排好的事情。例如：Thetrainleavesatsixtomorrowmorning.火車(chē)明天上午六,點(diǎn)開(kāi)。Whendoesthebusstar?Itstarsintenminutes.汽車(chē)什么時(shí)候開(kāi)？十分鐘后。2）以here,there等開(kāi)始的倒裝句，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。例如：Herecomesthebus.=Thebusiscoming來(lái)了。The

5、regoesthebell.=Thebellisringing#響了。3）在時(shí)間或條件句中。例如：WhenBillcomes（不是willcome）,askhimtowaitforme.比爾來(lái)后，讓他等我。I'llwritetoyouassoonasIarrivethere.我到了那里，就寫(xiě)信給你。4）在動(dòng)詞hope,takecarethat,makesurethat等的賓語(yǔ)從句中。例如：Ihopetheyhaveanicetimenextweek.我希望他們下星期玩得開(kāi)心。Makesurethatthewindowsareclosedbeforeyouleavetheroom.離開(kāi)房

6、間前，務(wù)必把窗戶關(guān)了。begoingto和will的區(qū)別begoingto和will的用法雖然都表示將來(lái)發(fā)生動(dòng)作或情況，一般情況下能互換。但它們的用法是有區(qū)別的。(1) begoingto主要用于：1、表示事先經(jīng)過(guò)考慮、安排好打算、計(jì)劃要做的事情。E.g.Whatareyougoingtodotoday?今天你們打算做什么？DadandIaregoingtowatchanoperathisafternoon今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌劇。I'mgoingtoplaytheviolin.我打算拉小提琴。Shesgoingtoplaythepiano.她打算彈鋼琴。2、表示根據(jù)目前某種跡象判

7、斷，某事非常有可能發(fā)生。E.g.Look!Therecomethedarkclouds.Itisgoingtorain瞧!烏云密集，天要下雨。IamafraidIamgoingtohaveacold恐怕我要患重感冒。(2) will主要用于在以下幾個(gè)方面：1、表示單純的未來(lái)“將要”通用各個(gè)人稱(chēng)。eg:Theywillgotovisitthefactorytomorrow.明天他們將去工廠參觀。I'llcomewithWangBing,LiuTaoandYangLin我將和王兵、劉濤、楊玲一起來(lái)。2、表示不以人的意志為轉(zhuǎn)移白自然發(fā)展的未來(lái)的事。eg:TodayisSaturday.Tom

8、orrowwillbeSunday天是星期六。明天是（將）是星期日。Hewillbethirtyyearsoldthistimenextyear.明年這個(gè)時(shí)候他就（將）三十歲。&問(wèn)對(duì)方是否愿意做某事或表示客氣地邀請(qǐng)或命令。eg:Willyoupleaseturnontheradio?請(qǐng)打開(kāi)收音機(jī)好嗎？Willyougotothezoowithme?你和我一起去動(dòng)物園好嗎？一般將來(lái)是特殊用法：1） be杯定式表將來(lái)，按計(jì)劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的事。WearetotalkaboutthereportnextSaturday.2） beaboutto+不定式，意為馬上做某事。Heisaboutt

9、oleaveforBeijing.注意：beaboutto不能與tomorrow,nextweek等表示明確將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。3）有些表趨向性的動(dòng)詞可用想在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)：例如：go,come,arrive,fly（飛往），reach（到達(dá)）,stay,leave,start,die.如：I'mgoingtogotothezoothisweenend尸I'mgoingtothezoothisweenend.HesgoingtoleaveforParis尸HesleavingforParis.Theoldmanisdying尸TheoldmanwilldieS個(gè)老人要去世。練習(xí)

10、題1. Whattimewemeetatthegatetomorrow?AwillBshallCdoDare2. Hewillhaveaholidayassoonashetheworknextweek.AfinishesBdoesntfinishCwillfinishDwon'tfinish3. Theresomeshowersthisafternoon.AwillbeBwillhaveCisgoingtobeDaregoingtohave4. Itmybrother"sbirthdaytomorrow.Sheaparty.Aisgoingtobe;willhaveBwill

11、be;ishavingCwillbe;isgoingtohaveDwillhave;isgoingtobe5. LiMingis10yearsoldnow,nextyearhe11.AisBisgoingtobeCwillbeDwilltobe（二）、填空1. -“Ineedsomepaper：'-“I(bring)someforyou.”2. (be)youfreetomorrow?3. They(notleave)untilyoucomeback.4. we(go)tothepartytogetherthisafternoon?5. Theywanttoknowwhenthemee

12、tingstart.6. I(go)withyouifIhavetime.7. Hurryup!Orwe(be)late.8. Whatyou(do)tomorrowafternoon?9. Jenny(do)anexperimentthedayaftertomorrow.10. IfsheisHtfreetomorrow,she(nottake)partintheparty.三、Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)的一般將來(lái)時(shí)易出錯(cuò)例：Thereabasketballmatchthisafternoon.(B)AisgoingtobeBisgoingtohaveCaregoingtobeDaregoingto

13、have四、begoingto結(jié)構(gòu)中易丟掉to例：I'mgoing(go)schoolbybiketomorrow.(C)AtowillgoBtogotoCgotoDtogoif條件句【知識(shí)要點(diǎn)】定義：常見(jiàn)的if條件狀語(yǔ)從何表示在某條件下，某事很可能發(fā)生，條件是可能存在的，主句中某種情況發(fā)生的概率也是很高的。E.g.Ifyouaskhimhewillhelpyou.如果你請(qǐng)他幫忙，他會(huì)幫你的。E.g.Ifyoufailintheexam,youwilllethimdown.如果你考試不及格，你會(huì)讓他失望的。E.g.Ifyouhavefinishedthehomework,youcang

14、ohome.如果你作業(yè)做完了就可以回家了。另外，if從旬還表小不可實(shí)現(xiàn)的條件或根本不可能存在的條件，也就是一'種虛擬的條件或假設(shè)。從句多用一般過(guò)去時(shí)或過(guò)去完成時(shí)，表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或過(guò)去的一種假設(shè)。E.g.IfIwereyou,Iwouldinvitehimtotheparty.如果我是你，我會(huì)邀請(qǐng)他參加聚會(huì)。E.g.IwouldhavearrivedmuchearlierifIhadnotbeencaughtinthetraffic要不是交通堵塞，我本會(huì)來(lái)得早一些。另外你還要注意if條件句的時(shí)態(tài)搭配1. if從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)E.g.Ifherunshellgettherei

15、ntime.如果他用跑的，他就會(huì)及時(shí)趕到那兒。E.g.Thecatwillscratchyouifyoupullhertail.如果你拉貓的尾巴，它就會(huì)抓你。2. if從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句用may/might/canE.g.Ifthefoggetsthickertheplanemay/mightbediverted.如果霧在大一些，飛機(jī)可能就會(huì)改在別的機(jī)場(chǎng)降落。E.g.Ifitstopssnowingwecangoout.如果雪停了，我們就可以出去。3. if從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句用must/shouldE.g.Ifyouwanttoloseweightyoumust/shouldeatle

16、ssbread.如果你想減肥，你必須少吃面包。4. if從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)E.g.Ifyouheaticeitturnstowater.他可用willturn)如果把冰加熱，它就會(huì)化成水。5. if從句用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)E.g.IfyouarelookingforPeteryodllfindhimupstairs.如果你是在找彼得，上樓就會(huì)找到他。6. if從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)E.g.Ifyouhavefinisheddinner1llaskthewaiterforthebill.如果你吃完了，我就叫服務(wù)生來(lái)算賬一、/汪忠：學(xué)習(xí)"if”引導(dǎo)的

17、條件狀語(yǔ)從句的用法，現(xiàn)在總結(jié)一下：if條件句不一般，幾個(gè)要點(diǎn)記心問(wèn)；條件句，放在前，逗號(hào)要放句中間。條件句表可能，主句多用將來(lái)時(shí)；條件旬表事實(shí)，主句常用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。在if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，如果從句談?wù)摰氖且粋€(gè)有可能發(fā)生的事實(shí)及其產(chǎn)生的相關(guān)的結(jié)果，主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。如：E.g.Wecanwalkthereifwecan'tfindabus.E.g.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillnotgotothezoo.E.g.Whatwillyoudoifyoufindapandaindanger.如果if條件句談?wù)摰氖侵貜?fù)發(fā)生和預(yù)示要發(fā)生的情景和事件，則主從句

18、大多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。E.g.Ifbearsareindanger,theyattackpeople.if在if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，if和條件句位置靈活，可直接放在主句后面，若條件句放句首，從句后面要加逗號(hào)，和主句隔開(kāi)。還要注意前后時(shí)態(tài)一致原則【經(jīng)典練習(xí)】一.單項(xiàng)選擇()1.Ifyoutotheparty,you'llhaveagreattime.A.willgoB.wentC.goD.going()2.ItwillbealongtimePeterhiswork.A.since,hasfinishedB.after,finishesC.when,willfinishD.before,f

19、inishes.()3.WhatwillfatherusfromJapan?A.takeB.bringC.carryD.make()4.Weifangisfamouskites.A.forB.toC.onD.with()5.Ihertheanswerifsheme.A.cantell,willaskB.willtell,willaskC.wouldtell,askD.willtell,asks()6.-Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?-We'llgotothelibrarytomorrowifit.A.isntrainB.rainC.woHtrainD.does

20、nrain()7Doyouknowwhenhewillcomebacktomorrow?-Sorry,Idontknow.Whenheback,Illtellyou.A.comesB.willcomeC.comeD.maycome()8.Whatwillyoudoifyoutotheoldfolk'shomevisit?A.goB.wentC.goingD.willgo()9.IfIeatfood,I'llbeveryfat.A.toomanyB.manytooC.toomuchD.muchtoo()10.I'llgivethebooktohimifheherenext

21、Sunday.A.willcomeB.comesC.iscomingD.came()11.ThereanEnglishfilminourschooltomorrow.A.isgoingtohaveB.willhaveC.isgoingtobeD.has()12.Couldyoutelluswhere?A. willthenextOlympicGamesheldB. thenextOlympicGameswillbeheldC. wouldthenextOlympicGamesbeheldD. thenextOlympicGameswouldbeheld二.在正確的答案下劃一條線。1. Dain

22、a(willgo/go/goes)toEuropeifshe(willpass/pass/passes)theexams.2. Thegraduates(willteach/teach/teaches)inthepoorvillageiftheMinistryofEducation(willagree/agree/agrees)soon.3. Ifthere(willbe/are/is)acaraccident,they(willcall/call/calls)110forhelpatonce.4. Ifit(won't/don't/doesn't/isn't)

23、rainy,we(willtake/take/takes)walkoutside.5. IfaUFO(willland/land/lands)infrontofme,I(willgo/go/goes)intolookforthealien.6. Ifhe(willhave/have/has)money,he(willbulid/build/builds)asciencelab.7. Don'twaitformeifI(am/willbe)late.8. They(won't/don't)gotothebeachifit(willrain/rain/rains).9. I

24、(willcall/call)youifhe(willstay/stay/stays)athome.10. MrSmith(willlet/let/lets)youknowifhe(willneed/need/needs)help.11. (Will/Do/Does)hevisitthemuseumifhe(won't/don't/doesn't)gettired?12. Where(will/do/does)theyliveifthey(willmiss/miss/misses)thebus?三、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Ifyou(feel)tired,you(ha

25、ve)tohavearest.2. Wherehe(see)thefilmifhe(have)time?3. Ifthere(be)fewertrees,there(be)morepollution.4. He(dress)morecasuallyifhe(notwork)onweekends.5. IfMarcia(live)alone,she(keep)apetparrot.6. Lana(buy)anewdressiftheoldone(be)outofstyle.7. Thetwins(fight)ifthey(argue).8. I(have)abakesaleifI(need)mo

26、neyforeducation.9. Peter(send)meabeautifulsouvenirifhe(tour)Spain.10. IfMrGreen(say)Iamhard-working,myparents(feel)glad.11. I(go)tothebeachifit(notrain)thisweek.12. they(have)amatchiftheP.E.teacher(be)busy?13. He(write)alettertohisgrandparentsifhe(get)hisreportcardthisweek.14. Ifshe(get)uplate,she(n

27、otcatch)theearlybus.15. Peter(major)inEnglishifhe(pass)theexamsinPekinUniversity.【家庭作業(yè)】1.Ifshe(notget)homeontime,hermomwillbeworried.2.IfTomworkshard,he(make)alotofmoney.3.IfIstudyhard,mydream軟現(xiàn)).4.Ifhe論)hisfriend,hewillbeverysad.1.1 fyoufightwithyourbrother,what(發(fā)生)?6. Callmeifhe®來(lái)).7. Hecanmakegreatprogressifhe追隨，聽(tīng)從)myadvice.()8.IfIfindhisphonenumber,Iyou.A.tellB.toldC.willtellD.haveto