英漢漢英視譯教程上篇英譯漢第四單元-存在句視譯課件

1、第4單元 存在句視譯英漢漢英視譯教程上篇 英譯漢第4單元 存在句視譯 從語義角度講，表示什么地方存在什么人或什么事物的句式叫存在句。英語存在句式的典型代表便是there+be 句型，其他存在句式還有there exist、there arise、there appear、there grow、there remain、there run 等。英語里往往把描述主體當(dāng)作句子主語，其他有關(guān)內(nèi)容再圍繞這個(gè)主體予以組織，常常與中文思維形成結(jié)構(gòu)上的差異。如“There meanders a gurgling brook along the twisting valley between the two h

2、igh mountains”，根據(jù)表達(dá)需要， 此句也可以寫成“Along the twisting valley between the two high mountains there meanders a gurgling brook.”翻譯此類句子時(shí)注意力首先要放在主語上，其他酌情處理，視譯便感覺容易些。其中文對應(yīng)句式是“在兩座高山之間蜿蜒曲折的峽谷里有一條溪流汩汩流過”。再如“There runs a narrow winding path in the depth of the thick forest.”或“In the depth of the thick forest ther

3、e runs a narrow winding第4單元 存在句視譯path”，此句可譯為“在密林深處有一條彎彎曲曲的山間小道”。通過單句練習(xí)，在熟悉英漢存在句基本對應(yīng)結(jié)構(gòu)的基礎(chǔ)上，繼續(xù)嘗試較長且結(jié)構(gòu)多樣的存在句會比較順利地獲得預(yù)期的訓(xùn)練效果。 值得注意的是，多數(shù)學(xué)生已經(jīng)十分熟悉存在句的筆譯翻譯模式，而課上或課下的練習(xí)屬于不完全臨場翻譯語境，學(xué)生容易忽略視譯的時(shí)效性，而自覺或不自覺地“重蹈筆譯的覆轍”，從而使視譯訓(xùn)練效果大打折扣。按照筆譯的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以下存在句的視譯譯文似乎顯得有些蹩腳，但它們卻恰恰更符合視譯的客觀規(guī)律和臨場應(yīng)急需要。 第4單元 存在句視譯 （要點(diǎn)梳理）英語典型存在句式： there+

4、be ，there exist、there arise、there appear、there grow、there remain、there run 等英語存在句把描述主體當(dāng)作句子主語，其他有關(guān)內(nèi)容圍繞這個(gè)主體組織與中文思維形成結(jié)構(gòu)上的差異翻譯時(shí)注意力首先放在主語上，其他酌情處理注意視譯的時(shí)效性第4單元 存在句視譯 （例句）1. There is no learning foreign language without diligence. 【筆譯】【視譯】不勤奮就不可能學(xué)好外語。 學(xué)習(xí)外語需要勤奮。 第4單元 存在句視譯 （例句）譯評這是英語典型的雙否定句式，筆譯方式多見，卻不總適合口譯的快

5、速要求。有時(shí)需要改變英語思維方式，尤其是當(dāng)句子較長時(shí)，譯員會有首尾難顧，無力在瞬時(shí)顛倒的感覺。這時(shí)視譯處理方式便顯得簡單易行，可把“There is no without”與“需要”對應(yīng)起來。 第4單元 存在句視譯 （例句）2. At a later stage there arose new problems which seemed insoluble. 【筆譯】 【視譯】后期出現(xiàn)了一些似乎無法解決的新問題。 后期出現(xiàn)的一些新問題似乎沒有答案。 第4單元 存在句視譯 （例句）譯評視譯版本的產(chǎn)生原因是譯者把注意力放在了later stage、problems、insoluble 三個(gè)實(shí)意焦點(diǎn)

6、之上，便淡化了英文的邏輯路徑。這句話當(dāng)然可以翻譯成“后期出現(xiàn)了一些新問題，這些新問題似乎沒有答案”，但這樣顯得重復(fù)、啰唆。 第4單元 存在句視譯 （例句）3. There being an index to this dictionary is a great advantage. 【筆譯】 【視譯】這本詞典列有索引非常方便。 這本詞典列有索引，使用起來非常方便。 第4單元 存在句視譯 （例句）譯評原文是一個(gè)完整句，但是句子含有兩層意思，一是對詞典的說明，二是對這一詞典狀況的說明，漢語譯成兩個(gè)層次為宜，這一點(diǎn)需要引起學(xué)生的高度警惕。習(xí)慣使然，許多學(xué)生經(jīng)常苦于試圖用一個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)來表達(dá)原文的兩層意思，

7、 深陷其中而難以自拔。 第4單元 存在句視譯 （例句）4. The treaty was imposed by force, and there in lay the cause of its ineffectiveness. 【筆譯】【視譯】該條約是通過武力強(qiáng)加于人的，它之所以執(zhí)行不力的原因就在于此。 該條約是在武力脅迫下簽署的，因此便沒有效力。 第4單元 存在句視譯 （例句）譯評此句可視為there+be 句式的衍生句式。筆譯句子過于拘泥于原文的邏輯模式，帶有英語思維色彩，因此雖然譯文基本可以表達(dá)清楚，但顯得贅述、晦澀。 第4單元 存在句視譯 （例句）5. There are millio

8、ns of blacks untrained for the simplest of jobs, and thousands every day denied their full and equal rights under the law. 【筆譯】 【視譯】還有數(shù)百萬的黑人沒有接受過最簡單的工作培訓(xùn)，每天還有幾千人不能充分享受到法律規(guī)定的平等權(quán)利。 數(shù)百萬黑人甚至沒有接受過最低級工作的培訓(xùn)，每天都有成千上萬的黑人被徹底剝奪了法律所賦予他們的平等權(quán)利。 第4單元 存在句視譯 （例句）譯評筆譯句式顯然拘泥于英語原有的存在句思維方式。從語義角度來看，有的英語存在句的時(shí)空色彩是被淡化了的，如本例

9、句，翻譯成中文時(shí)應(yīng)完全忽略其時(shí)空特性，而直接聚焦于其表述主體，這樣的譯文一定會更具表達(dá)力度。此句增加了“甚至”是考慮到后面的最高級在中文里的表達(dá)習(xí)慣，“最低級” 和“成千上萬”則更是兼顧了中文表達(dá)習(xí)慣，原文形容詞full 變成中文副詞“徹底”體現(xiàn)出譯者在兩種語言之間具有轉(zhuǎn)換自如、游刃有余的翻譯功力。 第4單元 存在句視譯 （例段）1. There is only one government since 1945 that can say all of the following: more jobs, fewer unemployed, better health and education

10、 results, lower crime, and economic growth in every quarter. Only one government: this one. 第4單元 存在句視譯 （例段） 1. There is only one government since 1945 that can say all of the following: more jobs, fewer unemployed, better health and education results, lower crime, and economic growth in every quarte

11、r. Only one government: this one. 只有一屆政府，自1945 年以來，有資格說它在以下若干方面的工作都已卓有成效：即創(chuàng)造了更多就業(yè)機(jī)會、減少了失業(yè)人口、改善了醫(yī)療和教育、降低了犯罪率、實(shí)現(xiàn)了季度性經(jīng)濟(jì)增長。這些成就只屬于一屆政府，即本屆政府。 第4單元 存在句視譯 （例段） 【筆譯】【視譯】自1945 年以來，只有一個(gè)政府能說做到了以下幾點(diǎn)：更多的工作崗位、更少的失業(yè)人員、更加完善的醫(yī)療和教育體系、較低的犯罪率以及每季度的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長。只有一個(gè)政府做到了這些，就是本屆政府。只有一屆政府，自1945 年以來，有資格說它在以下若干方面的工作都已卓有成效：即創(chuàng)造了更多就業(yè)

12、機(jī)會、減少了失業(yè)人口、改善了醫(yī)療和教育、降低了犯罪率、實(shí)現(xiàn)了季度性經(jīng)濟(jì)增長。這些成就只屬于一屆政府，即本屆政府。 第4單元 存在句視譯 （例段）譯評首先，視譯譯文更口語化，更貼近原文結(jié)構(gòu)排列順序，從而降低視譯難度； 其次，在此語境下英文名詞詞組更適合翻譯成符合中文習(xí)慣的動賓詞組，且強(qiáng)化了譯文的表現(xiàn)力。最后一句把原文隱含的部分內(nèi)容顯現(xiàn)出來，并放在句首，保持與前句內(nèi)容的有效銜接，更加順應(yīng)中文表述習(xí)慣。 第4單元 存在句視譯 （例段）2. She had the audacity to keep on hoping and to keep on praying when there was no v

13、isible sign on the horizontal level that what she was praying for, hoping for, waiting for would ever be answered in the affirmative. What she wanted most out of life had been denied to her. Yet in spite of it, she kept on hoping. 第4單元 存在句視譯 （例段）2. She had the audacity to keep on hoping and to keep

14、on praying when there was no visible sign on the horizontal level that what she was praying for, hoping for, waiting for would ever be answered in the affirmative. 她執(zhí)著地繼續(xù)期盼著，祈求著， 盡管未來還沒有跡象表明她的期盼和祈求會成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。第4單元 存在句視譯 （例段）What she wanted most out of life had been denied to her. Yet in spite of it, she k

15、ept on hoping. 她對生活的期盼大都已成為泡影， 盡管如此，她依然守候著自己的希望。第4單元 存在句視譯 （例段）【筆譯】【視譯】她有膽量不停地希望，不停地祈禱，盡管在地平線上，她看不到她所祈禱的、她所希望的以及她所等待的會得到肯定的答復(fù)。她要求從生活中得到的東西大部分都遭到了拒絕。盡管如此，她依然繼續(xù)希望。 她執(zhí)著地繼續(xù)期盼著，祈求著，盡管未來還沒有跡象表明她的期盼和祈求會成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。她對生活的期盼大都已成為泡影，盡管如此，她依然守候著自己的希望。 第4單元 存在句視譯 （例段）譯評與做其他形式的口譯一樣，視譯時(shí)譯員的閱讀信息攫取點(diǎn)應(yīng)該放在主謂賓上，即邏輯的基本構(gòu)成，因?yàn)檫@些內(nèi)容相

16、對嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，譯文對應(yīng)詞語相對固定， 需要準(zhǔn)確判斷。除此之外的其他內(nèi)容與譯文對應(yīng)內(nèi)容的吻合銜接頻譜相對寬泛，即嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)度相對較低，譯員處理這些信息時(shí)可據(jù)此適度淡化原文語義，大膽地遷就譯文表達(dá)習(xí)慣。本段落把had the audacity 翻譯成“執(zhí)著地”便是很好的例證，視譯版本聽起來顯然更耳熟、易懂，而意境也大致吻合。 第4單元 存在句視譯 （例篇） The resort of Cannes is best known as a billionaires playground. This week its austerity on the agenda, as G20 leaders gather he

17、re to discuss the dark shadows hanging over the world economy. With the euro debt crisis still unresolved, there could be plenty of conflict within the summit, says Stephanie Rickard of the London School of Economics. “This is the opportunity for the G20 partners to weigh in on how they feel about t

18、he eurozone debt deal,” said Rickard. “I think behind closed doors there will be very frank, very difficult discussions about the actual details of the program. Wheres the money going to come from? Hows it going to work? Is it going to contain the crisis within the eurozone? In public, they are goin

19、g to be very careful about presenting a unified front, theyre going to try to be as optimistic as they can so that they dont sink the eurozone deal.” European leaders agreed last week on a deal to try to stop the euro debt crisis spreading. Central to the plan is the beefing up of the EUs bailout fu

20、nd. Europe is looking east to countries like China for help. Theres no clear idea if they will ride to Europes rescue, says Tobias Blattner of Daiwa Capital Markets. “At the G20 summit what we are really looking out for is some kind of commitment and real figures coming from these countries, that th

21、ey clearly state that they will give money in order to support the euro area,” said Blattner. 第4單元 存在句視譯 （例篇）【視譯】 法國度假勝地戛納一貫以富豪們的游樂場而知名天下，然而，緊縮銀根卻成為本周此處峰會的議題。20 國集團(tuán)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人正相聚于此，一起探討如何化解世界經(jīng)濟(jì)所共同面臨的挑戰(zhàn)。 在歐元區(qū)債務(wù)危機(jī)懸而未決的情況下，這次峰會中可能出現(xiàn)許多分歧，倫敦政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)院的斯蒂芬尼里卡德如是說。 里卡德說：“20 國集團(tuán)的成員可借此機(jī)會交流彼此對解決歐元區(qū)債務(wù)計(jì)劃的看法。我相信，閉門磋商時(shí)，與會者將對

22、該計(jì)劃的具體細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行坦率和十分激烈的討論。所需資金從哪里來？計(jì)劃如何奏效？這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃能否把這場危機(jī)限制在歐元區(qū)范圍之內(nèi)？而在公開場合，他們將會小心翼翼地表現(xiàn)出他們是一個(gè)統(tǒng)一陣線，盡可能讓人們感覺到他們是樂觀的，以便使歐元區(qū)債務(wù)解決方案不至于落空?！?歐洲國家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人上周達(dá)成了一項(xiàng)協(xié)議，要爭取阻止歐元債務(wù)危機(jī)蔓延。這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃的核心就是要進(jìn)一步充實(shí)歐盟的緊急救助資金。 歐洲目前正在尋求中國這樣的東方國家的幫助。日本大和資本市場公司的托拜厄斯布拉特納說，目前還不清楚這些國家是否愿意向歐洲伸出援手。 布拉特納說：“在20 國集團(tuán)峰會上，我們真正想要看到的是某種承諾和這些國家愿意出錢的具體數(shù)字。也就是說，他們

23、明確表示將會提供資金來幫助歐元區(qū)?！?第4單元 存在句視譯 （例篇詳解） The resort of Cannes is best known as a billionaires playground. This week its austerity on the agenda, as G20 leaders gather here to discuss the dark shadows hanging over the world economy. 法國度假勝地戛納一貫以富豪們的游樂場而知名天下， 然而，緊縮銀根卻成為本周此處峰會的議題。20 國集團(tuán)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人正相聚于此，一起探討如何化解世界經(jīng)濟(jì)

24、所共同面臨的挑戰(zhàn)。 With the euro debt crisis still unresolved, there could be plenty of conflict within the summit, says Stephanie Rickard of the London School of Economics. 第4單元 存在句視譯 （例篇詳解） 在歐元區(qū)債務(wù)危機(jī)懸而未決的情況下，這次峰會中可能出現(xiàn)許多分歧，倫敦政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)院的斯蒂芬尼里卡德如是說。 “This is the opportunity for the G20 partners to weigh in on how

25、they feel about the eurozone debt deal,” said Rickard. “I think behind closed doors there will be very frank, very difficult discussions about the actual details of the program. 第4單元 存在句視譯 （例篇詳解） 里卡德說：“20 國集團(tuán)的成員可借此機(jī)會交流彼此對解決歐元區(qū)債務(wù)計(jì)劃的看法。 我相信，閉門磋商時(shí)，與會者將對該計(jì)劃的具體細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行坦率和十分激烈的討論。 Wheres the money going to co

26、me from? Hows it going to work? Is it going to contain the crisis within the eurozone? In public, they are going to be very careful about presenting a unified front, theyre going to try to be as optimistic as they can so that they dont sink the eurozone deal.” 第4單元 存在句視譯 （例篇詳解）所需資金從哪里來？計(jì)劃如何奏效？這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃能否

27、把這場危機(jī)限制在歐元區(qū)范圍之內(nèi)？ 而在公開場合，他們將會小心翼翼地表現(xiàn)出他們是一個(gè)統(tǒng)一陣線，盡可能讓人們感覺到他們是樂觀的，以便使歐元區(qū)債務(wù)解決方案不至于落空。”第4單元 存在句視譯 （例篇詳解） European leaders agreed last week on a deal to try to stop the euro debt crisis spreading. Central to the plan is the beefing up of the EUs bailout fund. 歐洲國家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人上周達(dá)成了一項(xiàng)協(xié)議，要爭取阻止歐元債務(wù)危機(jī)蔓延。 這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃的核心就是要進(jìn)一步充實(shí)

28、歐盟的緊急救助資金。第4單元 存在句視譯 （例篇詳解） Europe is looking east to countries like China for help. Theres no clear idea if they will ride to Europes rescue, says Tobias Blattner of Daiwa Capital Markets. 歐洲目前正在尋求中國這樣的東方國家的幫助。 日本大和資本市場公司的托拜厄斯布拉特納說，目前還不清楚這些國家是否愿意向歐洲伸出援手。第4單元 存在句視譯 （例篇詳解） “At the G20 summit what we

29、are really looking out for is some kind of commitment and real figures coming from these countries, that they clearly state that they will give money in order to support the euro area,” said Blattner. 布拉特納說：“在20 國集團(tuán)峰會上，我們真正想要看到的是某種承諾和這些國家愿意出錢的具體數(shù)字。也就是說，他們明確表示將會提供資金來幫助歐元區(qū)。” 第4單元 存在句視譯 （例篇）譯評 （1）翻譯時(shí)，尤

30、其是口譯，當(dāng)然包括視譯，在翻譯外國不知名地名時(shí)需要把其所屬國家予以說明，或一并翻譯出來，目的是減少因此地名不為人知而造成的費(fèi)解，因此這里翻譯成“法國度假勝地戛納”。 第4單元 存在句視譯 （例篇）譯評 （2）無論是明喻，還是暗喻，比喻在原文中的表達(dá)效果是由受眾對原語文化的熟悉程度決定的，而譯文的文化語境可能與之大相徑庭，因此視譯比喻時(shí)因時(shí)間所限最好采取意譯的方式，這樣可以保證基本語義得到傳達(dá)的效果。 第4單元 存在句視譯 （例篇）譯評（3）視譯先行代詞+帶邏輯主語不定式句子時(shí)（it is for sb. to do），應(yīng)該直接從帶主語不定式切入，因?yàn)槠浔旧砭褪钦嬲闹髡Z，這樣做譯文結(jié)構(gòu)排列就更

31、符合中文習(xí)慣。 （4）英文very difficult discussions 可以翻譯成“十分困難”、“十分艱難”或“十分艱苦”，但是考慮到中文名詞“討論”的最常見搭配形容詞是“激烈”，這里翻譯成“激烈討論”最容易為聽眾所理解。 第4單元 存在句視譯 （例篇）譯評（5）Central to the plan is the beefing up of the EUs bailout fund，此句為倒裝句，在英語里比較常見，筆譯時(shí)基本不會構(gòu)成翻譯障礙，但是視譯時(shí)需要譯員瞬間從英語思維轉(zhuǎn)換到漢語思維，可能就增加了難度。譯員練習(xí)時(shí)可將此類句式進(jìn)行名詞化處理，即將其視為the center of t

32、he plan is ，反復(fù)練習(xí)，便可熟能生巧。第4單元 存在句視譯 （視譯練習(xí)：語句）(1) Let there be no more of this quarrelling. (2) There are believed to be a number of wounded soldiers on both sides. (3) There were jailed fifteen or so drunks and junkies. (4) There have often been wide and tragic gaps between promise and performance, i

33、deal and reality. (5) In fact, there was a fellow, Pete Kiewit in Omaha, who used to say, he looked for three things in hiring people: integrity, intelligence and energy. 第4單元 存在句視譯 （視譯練習(xí)：參考答案）（1）別再發(fā)生這種爭吵了。 （2）據(jù)信雙方都有很多士兵受傷。 （3）獄中關(guān)著15 個(gè)左右的醉漢和吸毒者。 （4）在承諾和實(shí)踐、理想和現(xiàn)實(shí)之間還存在著巨大而可悲的差距。 （5）實(shí)際上，在奧哈馬有一位叫做皮特吉維特的小

34、伙子過去常說，雇人時(shí)，他會看三個(gè)方面：誠信、智力和精力。 第4單元 存在句視譯 （視譯練習(xí)：語段）(1) United there is little we can not do in a host of cooperative ventures. Divided there is little we can dofor we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder. 第4單元 存在句視譯 （視譯練習(xí)：語段）(2) This years shows will include more eco-friendly s

35、uppliers than before, with a wider choice of products. There is also a dedicated zone in Mega Show Part 1 for gift-wrapping and packaging, and a new group of fashion jewelry and accessories suppliers, in the gift-ware area in Mega Show Part 2. 第4單元 存在句視譯 （視譯練習(xí)：參考答案）（1）只要團(tuán)結(jié)，則在許多合作事業(yè)中幾乎沒有什么是辦不到的。倘若分裂，

36、我們則無可作為，因?yàn)槲覀冊谝庖姺制?、各行其是的情況下，是不敢應(yīng)付強(qiáng)大挑戰(zhàn)的。 （2）今年的展會較之以往將有更多生態(tài)友好型供應(yīng)商參展，產(chǎn)品的選擇也更加豐富。在大型展會的第一展區(qū)有禮品包裝和打包專區(qū)，另有新參展的一組時(shí)尚珠寶和服裝配飾供貨商,位于第二展區(qū)的禮品陳列區(qū)。 第4單元 存在句視譯 （視譯練習(xí)：語篇）(1) The Education Departments Office of Civil Rights is investigating a complaint that Harvard and Princeton universities discriminates against Asi

37、an-Americans. The investigation began with a complaint from an Indian-American student in California who was near the top of his high school class but was rejected at both schools. 第4單元 存在句視譯 （視譯練習(xí)：語篇） The Civil Rights Agency doesnt discuss the substance of pending cases, so theres no telling what e

38、vidence the Indian-American family might have to support a discrimination claim. Mere rejectionby either Harvard or Princetonlikely would not suffice, as both schools routinely reject students with perfect SAT scores and grade-point averages. A Harvard spokesman told reporter Golden the institution

39、does not discriminate. Asian-Americans make up 16 percent of Harvard undergraduates. 第4單元 存在句視譯 （視譯練習(xí)：語篇） Asian-American students have challenged Ivy League admission policies before. Jian Li, a Chinese American, filed a civil rights complaint after Princeton rejected him in 2019. Hed scored a perfe

40、ct 2,400 on the SAT and graduated in the top 1 percent of his class, yet had been rejected at several Ivies. Golden reports that the agency received a fresh complaint in September targeting Yale, subsequently withdrawn. 第4單元 存在句視譯 （視譯練習(xí)：語篇） Its questionable, though, whether any student could prove d

41、iscrimination by those schools without access to stacks of admission data. Harvards admission rate has dipped to 6.2 percent, and Yale and Princeton arent far behind. There is simply no guarantee of admission, no matter ones credentials 第4單元 存在句視譯 （視譯練習(xí)：語篇） Theres plenty of research to suggest, thou

42、gh, that Asian-American applicants must bring higher test scores and GPAs than whites, Hispanics or Blacks to gain entry. Golden cites a 2019 study of admissions at Duke: Asian-American enrollees scored 1,457 on the reading and math sections of the SAT, compared to 1,416 for whites, 1,347 for Hispan

43、ics and 1,275 for Blacks. 第4單元 存在句視譯 （視譯練習(xí)：語篇）(2) While many of us are lucky to count our real friends on one hand, there are certain types of people its good to have around. So, how many do you know? a. The friend who is cooler than you The world changes quickly and some people are just that little

44、 bit better at keeping up with whats hip than we are. Like those friends who know that NO ONE EVER says “hip” any more, for instance. We like to be around these people, because theyre a beacon of cool. Cool things just flock to them. 第4單元 存在句視譯 （視譯練習(xí)：語篇） These are the people who help you to open you

45、r eyes, have a flow-on effect for introducing you to other cool people and help to unstick yourself from the rut thats all too easy to get bogged in. These people enrich your life by exposing you to things that may have otherwise passed you by. b. The friend who is up for anything People are busy, w

46、e get it. But theres nothing more frustrating than having to reschedule your re-re-re-scheduled catch-up. Everyone needs a friend who you can call at the drop of a hat. A friend who says, 第4單元 存在句視譯 （視譯練習(xí)：語篇）“hell yeah, Im up for that”. Thats why its good to have a mate who you dont need to issue a

47、28-day notice just to meet for a frappuccino. Its refreshing. This friend is the flexible, no frills friend who makes your life a breeze. Nothing is ever too hard and theyre open to doing new things and changing plans at short notice. Their enthusiasm is contagious and you always have more fun when

48、they are around. c. The friend who you aspire to be Oprah Winfrey once said, “Surround yourself with only people who are going to lift you higher”. And we all need to live life a little bit closer to Oprah. 第4單元 存在句視譯 （視譯練習(xí)：語篇）These people challenge you to be the best version of yourself. The only d

49、ownside is that sometimes they can be infuriating and inspiring in equal measure. This friend is only an important role model if they behave in ways that are authentic and genuine. They will see the best in you and give you important feedback on both your strengths and weaknesses. 第4單元 存在句視譯 （視譯練習(xí)：語

50、篇） d. The friend who doesnt know any of your other friends We like integration. We like killing two birds with one stone by catching up with several groups of friends at once. But there are times when you need to make an S.O.S call to a friend who is completely uninvolved and removed from a situatio

51、n but can offer objective advice, so it a bonus that your friendship exists without orbiting around your other ones. 第4單元 存在句視譯 （視譯練習(xí)：語篇） There is a level of privacy to this friendship that doesnt exist in friendship circles. It will be easier to share some of your hopes and dreams, fears and concer

52、ns knowing that they are not going to be discussed when youre not around. e. The friend who is painfully honest An honest friend will not always tell you what you want to hear, but theyll certainly tell you what you need to know if he/she is really that into you. When youve got a crisis on your hand

53、s or need to make a quick decision they are your go-to. Theyre also there to keep you away from mixing paisleys and stripes. 第4單元 存在句視譯 （視譯練習(xí)：語篇） This type of friend has the strength of feedback and is a pearl who will tell it to you straight when others wont or will sugarcoat things at the very lea

54、st. This friend is someone who does it with good intentions and for your own benefit. f. The friend youve known than youve known yourself History sometimes works to your advantage, other times it doesnt. This is that friend who sees you out of the context of your job, your relationship, your other f

55、riends and your life as it is now. This is the friend who knew you when you had pimples and a bowl cut. 第4單元 存在句視譯 （視譯練習(xí)：語篇） There is something special about this person because they feel like home. Its nice and comforting to be around someone who has known you forever. This is a friend you never have to put on a brave face for. They know you better than you know yourself and accept you unconditionally. 第4單元 存在句視譯 （視譯練習(xí)：參考答案）（1）美國教育部民權(quán)辦公室針對一項(xiàng)投訴展開調(diào)查，該投訴為哈佛大學(xué)和普林斯頓大學(xué)歧視亞裔美國人。 調(diào)查始自一名來自加州的印度裔美國學(xué)生的投訴，該學(xué)生是某高中的優(yōu)等生，但同時(shí)遭到兩所學(xué)校的拒絕。 美國教育部民權(quán)辦公