小汽車的使用

LectureElevenTranslationofpassivevoicesentences

I.ReviewandCommentsontheassignment.(Omitted.)II.Translationofpassivevoicesentences

III.PracticeIV.summaryV.AssignmentsVI.ReferencesforfurtherreadingTeachingProcedures

I.Reviewandcommentsontheassignments.

Thecarandthetelevisionsetandthegrowingvolumeofofficeworkmaywellhave

produced

themostliterallysedentary

populationhumansocietyhaseverknown.Butatthesametime,

diets

stuffedwiththeproteinsandcaloriesneededforalumbermanoraprofessionalboxer

havebecomeprevalent.Everywherehighmeatconsumptiondemandsgrain-fedanimals.Meanwhile,whatlittlegrainwedoeat

throughbreadusuallyhaslittlenutritionalvalueandroughage,sincetheseareremovedwhentheflourisrefined.小汽車的使用，電視機的普及以及不斷擴充的寫字樓文案工作，可能已經(jīng)造就了人類社會有史以來最名副其實的“久坐之族”。而另一方面，這樣一種現(xiàn)象也變得司空見慣，即常人一日三餐所攝入的蛋白質(zhì)和卡路里都要相當(dāng)于一個伐木工人或一位職業(yè)拳擊手每天的需要量。到處的肉類巨量消費均對食糧牲畜增大了需求。與此同時，我們自己的糧食消費量卻極小。面包作為我們的主食，營養(yǎng)價值微乎其微，而且?guī)缀醪缓裁创植谖?，因為這些都在面粉精制過程中被去掉了。Thus,the

humanbowel

isdeprivedofthefiberitrequiresto

functioneasily.Theeatingoffreshvegetables---whichalsogivenecessaryfiber---hasfallenoffbyathirdinthelasthalfcentury.Processed,defiberedproductshavetakentheirplace.Theresultsareliterallyapparent.Inalldevelopednations,obesityanddiet-relatedillnessesarenowamajormedicalproblem.Manymedicalexpertsarenowagreedthat,withfat,sugar,cholesterol,refinedgrains,foodadditives,andthe

generalabsenceofroughage,

moderncitizensare

literally---viaheartattacksandcancer---eatinganddrinkingthemselvesintothegrave.

I.Reviewandcommentsontheassignments.

這樣一來，人的腸子的正常功能就因缺少其所需的纖維物質(zhì)而受影響。新鮮蔬菜也含纖維，但在過去的50年間，新鮮蔬菜的食用量減少了三分之一，其結(jié)果也是有目共睹的：在所有發(fā)達(dá)國家中，肥胖癥及與飲食有關(guān)的疾病現(xiàn)已成為醫(yī)學(xué)的一大難題。取而代之的是經(jīng)過加工去掉纖維的食品。許多醫(yī)學(xué)專家現(xiàn)在都一致認(rèn)為，由于脂肪、糖、膽固醇、細(xì)糧、食物添加劑的大量食用，而總體上食物中又缺乏粗糙物，現(xiàn)代公民們就是這樣一日三餐，不知不覺地患上心臟病和癌癥，最終明赴黃泉。這樣說并非言過其實。1.ThoughHamlethasbeendisappointedofthethrone,everyonerespectshim.

雖然哈姆雷特被剝奪了王位，大家照樣尊敬他。2.Theywerecaughtintherainyesterday.

他們昨天叫雨淋了。3.Ourforeignpolicyissupportedbythepeopleallovertheworld.

我們的對外政策受到全世界人民的支持。4.Theyweregivenaheartywelcome.

他們受到熱烈歡迎。5.Hewaspolicedbythebosses’cops.

他受到老板雇傭的警察的監(jiān)督。A.譯成漢語的“被”字結(jié)構(gòu)或相似結(jié)構(gòu),如“叫,讓,給,受到,遭到,為…所…,是…的,加以…等。II.Translationofpassivevoicesentences6.IwassoimpressedbythesewordsthatIusedthemlaterforaChristmascard.

我為這些話所深深感動，后來我就把它們寫在圣誕賀片上。7.Byeveningtheoccupationwascomplete,andthepeoplewerechasedoffthestreetsbyaneighto’clockcurfew.

至傍晚，占領(lǐng)已告完成。八點鐘開始的宵禁把人們從街道趕走。8.Thefamoushotelhadbeenpracticallydestroyedbythebigfire.

大火使這著名的旅館幾乎全部毀滅。9.Mostlettersfromhiswifearereadtohimbythenurseinthehospital.

他的妻子給他的信件，大多數(shù)是由醫(yī)院里的護(hù)士念給他聽的。II.TranslationofpassivevoicesentencesB.譯成漢語主動句1.Thesenseofinferioritythatheacquiredinhisyouthhasneverbeentotally

eradicated.

他在青少年時期留下的自卑感，還沒有完全消

除。

2.OntheirdomesticstationseventsintheMiddleeastweredismissedbriefly.

在他們國內(nèi)的電臺的廣播中，中東事件只輕描淡寫地報道了一下。II.TranslationofpassivevoicesentencesC、保留原主語,被動改主動1.Mr.Blackwasgivenaprize.

布拉克先生得了獎。2.Hislifewascutshortbycholera.

他因患霍亂而早亡。3.Hewasthrownintoconfusionbythereturnofhiswife.

他由于妻子歸來而陷入惶惑不安之中。II.TranslationofpassivevoicesentencesD.把原文中的主語譯為賓語1.Bytheendofthewar800peoplehadbeensavedbytheorganization,butatacostofover200BelgianandFrenchlives.

大戰(zhàn)終了時，這個組織拯救了八百人，但那是以二百多比利時人和法國人的生命為代價。2.Itwouldbeastonishingifthatlosswerenotkeenlyfelt.如果（人們）不強烈地感到損失，那倒是奇怪了。II.TranslationofpassivevoicesentencesE.

譯成無主句

1.Wheneverworkisbeingdone,energyisbeingconvertedfromoneformintoanother.

做功時，能從一種形式轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榱硪环N形式。

2．Cuttingtoolsshouldbeinspectedcarefullybeforetheyareused.

切割工具使用前要認(rèn)真檢查。

3．Somepictureswerehungonthewall.

墻上掛著照片。

4.Childrenshouldbetaughttospeakthetruth.

要教孩子們講真話。II.TranslationofpassivevoicesentencesExercisesinclassA.PutthefollowingsentencepatternsintoEnglish:Fixedphrasesorsentencepatterns:1.已經(jīng)證證明…2.可以有有把握握地說說…3.無可否否認(rèn)…4.人們希希望…5.人們(有人、、大家家)認(rèn)為…6.不用說說(誰都知知道)…7.大家知知道(眾所周周知)…8.據(jù)報道道…9.據(jù)說…10.據(jù)估計計(預(yù)計)…Ithasbeenproved……Itmaybesafelysaidthat……Itcannotbedeniedthat……Itisexpected(hoped)that……Itisconsidered(thought)that…Itisunderstoodthat…Itiswellknownthat……Itisreportedthat…Itissaidthat….Itisestimated(predicted,calculated)that……III.Practice11.據(jù)推測…12.據(jù)聞(悉)…13.可以肯定…14.普遍(一般、通通常)認(rèn)為…15.必須指出…16.有人(人們、大家家)相信…17.由此可見…18.必須(應(yīng)該)承認(rèn)…19.據(jù)謠傳…20.可以毫不夸夸張地說…Itissupposedthat…Itislearnedthat…Itmaybeconfirmedthat……Itisgenerally(usually)accepted(agreed)that…Itmustbepointedoutthat…Itisbelievedthat……Itwillbeseenfromthisthat…Itmust(should)beadmittedthat…Itisrumoredthat…Itmaybesaidwithoutfearofexaggerationthat…III.PracticeB.PutthefollowingsentencesintoChinese.1.Theplanwillbeexaminedbyaspecialcommittee.該計劃將由一個特別委委員會加以以裁決。2.NationalDayisenthusiasticallycelebratedonOctober1stbytheChinesepeopleofallnationalitieseveryyear.我國各族人人民每年都都要熱烈慶慶祝十月一一日的國慶慶節(jié)。3.Heappearedonthestageandwaswarmlyapplaudedbytheaudience.他出現(xiàn)在臺臺上，觀觀眾給予熱烈鼓掌。。4.AllPartymembersofthecollegearerequestedtomeetintheassemblyhalltolistentoaspeech.請全院黨員于于星期五下下午兩點三三十分在大大禮堂聽報報告。5.Itissaidthathewascheatedbyhispartnerwhiledoingbusinessinthesouth.據(jù)說他在南南方做生意意時讓同伴伴給騙了。。III.Practice6.Itisbelievedthatworrycanmakeaperson’shairturngrayovernight.有人相信憂愁能使一一個人的頭頭發(fā)一夜之之間變白。。7.Ithasbeenprovedthatplentyofvegetableswillimproveone’’shealth.已經(jīng)證明多吃蔬菜對對健康有好好處。8.ThisoldmanhasbeentakencareofforyearsbysomePLAmen.這位老人多多年來一直直受到幾位解放軍軍的照顧。。9.Thecityisbeingdestroyedbytheflood.這座城市正正在被洪水水所毀。10.Thismaterialhastobeusedintheexperiment.這種材料在在實驗中非非用不可。。III.Practice11.ThousandsofcarsareproducedbyFIATeveryyear.菲亞特汽車車公司每年年生產(chǎn)成千千上萬輛小小汽車。12.Hewasaskedtenquestionsintheoralexaminationandansweredeveryoneofthemcorrectly.口試時，問問了十個個問題，他他全都答對對了。13.Itisconsideredthatwomentellliesmoreoftenthanmen.有人認(rèn)為女女人將謊話話要比男人人多。III.Practice14.ItshouldbeadmittedthattheUnitedNation’’sinterventionissometimeshelpfulforsettlingregionaldisputes.應(yīng)該承認(rèn)聯(lián)聯(lián)合國的干干預(yù)有時有有助于平息息地區(qū)性爭爭端。15．Specialemphasismustbeplacedonthegravityofcorruptionandgraft(受賄)amongsomehighofficialsinChina.必須特別強強調(diào)我國高高級官員收收受賄賂和和腐化墮落落的嚴(yán)重性性。III.Practice1.譯成漢語的的“被””字結(jié)構(gòu)或或相似結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)2.譯成漢語主主動句3.保留原主語語,被動改主動動4.把原文中的的主語譯為為賓語5.譯成無主句句IV.Sumarry1.PutthefollowingpassageintoEnglish:V.Assignments他邁著沉重重的腳步，，回到離別別三年的家家鄉(xiāng)。三年年前，他參參與了一個個盜竊團(tuán)伙伙被判刑三三年，在勞勞改農(nóng)場，，因表現(xiàn)突突出被提前前一年釋放放。為了逃避一一雙雙熟悉悉的眼睛，，釋放后，，經(jīng)人介紹紹，他來到到湖南省南南縣一家木木器廠做臨臨時工。但但強烈的思思鄉(xiāng)情促使使他